DNA电化学传感器在白血病基因诊断中的应用

DNA电化学传感器技术是20世纪末发展起来的一种新型生物传感器技术,为基因识别和疾病基因诊断提供了一种快速、简便、廉价的方法,现已成为一个非常活跃的研究领域.目前DNA电化学传感器的研究已经取得很大的进展,但同时也面临很多困难和挑战.本文就DNA电化学传感器的设计、研究现状和近几年来该领域的一些重要进展作一总结,并对研制用于白血病融合基因检测和诊断的DNA电化学传感器作了展望.     

雷公藤内酯醇联合高三尖杉酯碱对KG-1α细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨低浓度雷公藤内酯醇(triptolide,TPL)联合高三尖杉酯碱(homoharringtonine,HHT)对KG-1α细胞增殖与凋亡的影响及其可能机制。方法:应用CCK-8法检测不同浓度TPL和HHT单用及联用对KG-1α细胞增殖的影响,并计算其药物联合作用指数(combined index,CI);甲基纤维素集落形成实验检测细胞集落形成能力;流式细胞术检测细胞表面分子、细胞凋亡率及细胞周期变化;Western blot检测Akt信号通路相关蛋白在TPL及HHT作用前后的表达情况。结果:KG-1α细胞高表达CD34CD123而CD38缺失;TPL及HHT单用对KG-1α细胞增殖抑制并具剂量依赖性(r=0.952,r=0.992);低浓度联合用药与单药对比,前者细胞增殖、集落形成率更低,而细胞凋亡率增高;CI值亦提示低浓度TPL联合HHT呈高度协同作用。低浓度TPL联合HHT作用KG-1α细胞后,P-Akt~(Ser473)、P-Akt~(Thr308)、BCL-2、PARP及Survivin蛋白表达降低而PARP裂解增加。结论:低浓度TPL联合HHT可通过PI3K/Akt信号通路及下游蛋白协同抑制KG-1α细胞增殖,并诱导其凋亡。     

低温等离子髓核消融术治疗颈性眩晕近期临床疗效观察

目的:观察低温等离子髓核消融术(percutaneous cervical discnucleoplasty,PCDN)治疗颈性眩晕近期临床疗效。方法:2010年4月~2013年3月我科采用PCDN治疗颈椎病患者295例,其中颈性眩晕患者92例,61例获得2~3.9年(平均2.7±0.52年)随访,男性20例,女性41例,年龄33~81岁,平均(57.28±10.55)岁,采用改良颈性眩晕及伴随症状评估量表评价术后即刻、术后3个月、术后12个月和末次随访时的有效率。结果:所有患者术中、术后均无神经损伤、感染等并发症发生。术后即刻、术后3个月、术后12个月和末次随访时,61例患者的眩晕及伴随症状的平均改良评分分别为21.75±1.76、25.00±4.00、24.82±4.38、24.64±4.12分,均较术前(18.06±3.25分)明显上升,有效率分别为96.7%、75.4%、72.1%、72.1%。末次随访时,眩晕症状消失或明显缓解的患者占72.1%(44/61),其中治疗节段包含C3/4或C4/5节段者43例(C4/5 30例,C3/4 4例,C3/4、C4/5 9例);C5/6、C6/7 1例。4例患者于术后12个月前后眩晕症状复发,复发率占6.6%,其中3例予以保守治疗,另1例行颈椎人工间盘置换术,经治疗后症状均获得明显改善。17例随访无效的患者中,4例患者术前TCD显示椎-基底动脉狭窄或椎动脉狭窄;5例患者年龄偏高,术前均合并有高血压病3级;其他患者原因不明。结论:利用PCDN治疗颈性眩晕可以获得较好的近期临床疗效;选择C3/4和/或C4/5节段是取得疗效的关键。     

健康供者骨髓血造血干细胞采集效果分析

目的：研究影响骨髓造血干细胞动员及采集的因素。方法方便选取2013年3月＿2016年6月期间就诊该院的77名健康供者,经重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF﹚动员后第4天采集骨髓,分析不同健康供者的年龄和性别对骨髓造血干细胞采集的影响以及采集时外周血白细胞数与采集效果的关系。结果77名供者均成功采集,骨髓采集物单个核细胞数(BM-MNCs)为(4.3±0.43﹚×108/kg,骨髓采集物CD34+细胞数(BM-CD34+﹚为(1.84±0.30﹚×106/kg,健康供者年龄和性别差异无统计学意义,采集时外周血白细胞数不能预测骨髓采集物中CD34+细胞的数量。结论采用5~10μg/kg G-CSF动员,健康供者均可成功采集骨髓干细胞。     

大鼠脊髓全横断损伤后神经源性膀胱模型的建立及评估

目的 建立理想的脊髓损伤(SCI)后神经源性膀胱(NB)动物模型并评估脊髓及膀胱状态.方法 16只SD大鼠分为对照组(假手术)6只,实验组(T9脊髓全横断损伤大鼠模型)1O只,记录每日实验组大鼠手法排尿量等情况以评估SCI后NB恢复情况,术后2周使用尿流动力学方法检测并比较两组大鼠膀胱内压以评估大鼠膀胱状态.结果 实验组大鼠术后1d、5d、1Od、13d、14d时尿量均明显高于对照组大鼠(P＜0.05),术后16d实验组大鼠尿量与对照组无差异(P＞0.05).术后一周内,大鼠手法辅助排尿量逐渐增加并达到最大.术后一周后,大鼠辅助排尿量逐渐减低并于两周时渐渐稳定.对照组及实验组大鼠在最大膀胱压、膀胱基础压、排尿阈、收缩间隔、膀胱容量、排尿效率的参数值分别为26.60士4.31 mmH2O、21.66±2.56 mmH2O;11.66士1.33 mmH2O、14.72士2.65 mmH2O;20.46±0.52 mmH2O、16.99±0.81 mmH2O;1.36士1.58 min、2.02±0.36 min;0.82士0.15 mL、2.20士0.24 mL;92.67％±1.97％、25.33％士4.46％,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 采用T9水平脊髓全横断损伤制作的NB大鼠模型可操作性强,易量化、可重复,在正确积极的术后护理下并发症少、死亡率低.使用术后SCI大鼠手法排尿量的变化判断脊髓恢复情况,并以尿流动力学方法检测大鼠在膀胱连续灌注下的膀胱压力变化来评价其膀胱状态客观可行.     

新型脊髓完全横断缺损模型大鼠的建立

BACKGROUND: Rat models of complete spinal cord transection are common models for neural tissue engineering. After transecting the spinal cord by the previous methods, gap length of broken end cannot keep relatively uniform, so we cannot objectively evaluate effects of various treatments or tissue engineering materials. OBJECTIVE: The spinal cord transection models were established by using double edged micro scissors, and the feasibility of this new model was explored by comparing with the conventional method. METHODS: A total of 42 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into group A (n=6), group B (n=18) and group C (n=18). Group A only received laminectomy. In the group B, the spinal cord was transected with a sharp-pointed knife. Knife point should touch anterior wall of spinal canal and sidewall bone surface. Complete spinal cord transection models were prepared by repeated cutting. In group C, complete spinal cord transection models were established by using self-made double edged micro scissors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 1 week after model establishment, in the groups B and C, complete paralysis of the hind limbs was found, and BBB scores were similar. However, significant differences in the spacing of broken end were detected. (2) At 4 weeks after model establishment, hind limb functions could restore to different degrees in both groups, but no significant difference in BBB scores was found. (3) At 8 weeks after model establishment, significant differences in hindlimb motor function scores were detectable between both groups. Biotin glucosamine tracer display: In group B, a few labeled axon fibers were observed at the caudal side of the injured spinal cord. In group C, spinal cord was completely transected, and labeled axon fibers cannot be found at the caudal side. (4) Results suggested that the modeling method of self-made double edged micro scissors could effectively eliminate individual differences, contribute to quantitative analysis and comparative study of therapeutic effects.      

DNA电化学传感器在白血病基因诊断中的应用

DNA电化学传感器技术是20世纪末发展起来的一种新型生物传感器技术，为基因识别和疾病基NN断提供了一种快速、简便、廉价的方法，现已成为一个非常活跃的研究领域。目前DNA电化学传感器的研究已经取得很大的进展，但同时也面临很多困难和挑战。本文就DNA电化学传感器的设计、研究现状和近几年来该领域的一些重要进展作一总结，并对研制用于白血病融合基因检测和诊断的DNA电化学传感器作了展望。