丙型肝炎病毒与肝细胞癌关系的临床流行病学研究

为了解丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)与肝细胞癌(HCC)之间的关系,我们测定了南京及其周围地区HCC患者和对照组血清中抗-HCV抗体及乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg),现简要报道其结果。     

胸苷酸合成酶基因多态性及烟酒茶嗜好与贲门癌易感性的关系

目的 :研究胸苷酸合成酶TS3′ UTR多态性及其和烟酒茶嗜好相互作用与贲门癌易感性的关系。方法 :在上消化道癌高发区淮安市进行了一个病例对照研究 (贲门癌 89例 ,人群对照 2 2 3例 ) ,调查研究对象的生活习惯 ,采用PCR RFLP技术检测研究对象的TS 3′ UTR基因型。结果 :贲门癌组TS 6/ 6bp、 6/-6bp和 -6/-6bp基因型频率分别为7 9%、43 8%和 48 3 % ,与对照组( 8 1%、5 4 3 %和 3 7 7% )相比差异无统计学意义。与携带TS 6bp等位基因且不吸烟、每周饮酒 <2次和饮茶者相比 ,在吸烟、每周饮酒≥ 2次和不饮茶者中 ,携带TS -6/-6bp基因型者发生贲门癌的危险性显著上升 ,调整后的OR分别为 3 99( 95 %CI:1 5 1～ 10 5 0 )、3 2 2 ( 95 %CI :1 2 1～8 5 5 )和 6 14 ( 95 %CI:2 3 9～ 15 77)。结论 :TS 3′ UTR基因多态性影响吸烟、饮酒和饮茶与贲门癌之间的关系     

GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性和饮酒习惯与原发性肝癌发生的危险性

目的　研究GSTM 1和GSTT 1基因的多态性和饮酒习惯与原发性肝癌发生的危险性。方法　在肝癌高发区江苏省泰兴市进行了以人群为基础的病例对照研究 ,并应用多重PCR法检测了 2 0 7例原发性肝癌及其 1∶1配对的正常对照的GSTM 1和GSTT 1基因型。结果　GSTM 1空白基因型的频率 ,病例组为 5 8.94% ,对照组为 5 7.0 0 % ;GSTT 1空白基因型的频率 ,病例组和对照组分别为 5 2 .17%和 46.86% ,2组间无显著性差异。但GSTT 1的空白基因型与非空白基因型相比 ,当其长期饮用高度白酒达2 3年以上或月饮酒量大于 3 0 0 0 g时 ,患肝癌的危险性显著增高 (OR =2 .5 6,95 %CI为 1.0 8～ 6.0 5或OR =3 .48,95 %CI为 3 1.47～ 8.2 2 ) ;此外分析饮酒总量 (kg·年 )也得到同样的结果 (OR =3 .71,95 %为 1.5 1～ 9.12 )。结论　携带GSTT 1空白基因型且有长期大量饮酒习惯者 ,其患肝癌的危险性显著增高     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.     

醇醛脱氢酶基因多态和饮酒习惯与肝癌易感性

目的研究乙醇脱氢酶2（ADH2）和乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）基因多态及饮酒习惯与肝癌的易感性。方法对208例原发性肝癌和208例对照调查饮酒习惯,采用RCT-RFLR方法检测ADH2和ALDH2基因型。结果1）病例与对照ADH2和ALDH2基因型分布频率差异均无统计学意义。2）携带AL-DH2^1＊2或ALDH2^2＊2基因型且饮酒总量〉3kg年者,发生肝癌危险性是携带AL-DH211基因型不饮酒者的3.30倍（95%CI=1.24～8.83）;而携带ADH2^1＊2或ADH2^2＊2基因型者且饮酒总量〉3kg年与携带ADH211基因型不饮酒者相比,患肝癌危险性无显著增加。3）携带AL-DH2^1＊2或ALDH2^2＊2同时携带ADH2^1＊2或ADH2^2＊2基因型且饮酒总量〉3kg年者,与携带ALDH2^1＊1同时携带ADH2^1＊1基因型且饮酒总量≤3kg年者相比,患肝癌OR值虽有增加但未达显著性（OR=4.26,95%CI=0.63～29.08）。4）HBsAg阳性并携带ALDH2^1＊2或ALDH2^2＊2基因型且饮酒〉3kg年者,与HBsAg阴性并携带ALDH2^1＊1基因型且饮酒≤3kg年者相比,患肝癌危险升高49.71倍（95%CI=5.51～448.96）。结论大量饮酒和肝癌的关联与ALDH2基因有关,而与ADH2基因无关。     

泰兴市饮用水对人淋巴细胞DNA损伤的研究

目的：研究泰兴市饮用水中有机提取物对人淋巴细胞损伤效应。方法：应用彗星实验技术。结果：泰兴市井水、河水和塘水对人淋巴细胞都具有致突变性，尤其是河水中的有机提取物对人淋巴细胞的损伤最为严重。结论：泰兴市饮用水污染是当地恶性肿瘤高发的危险因素之一。     

泰兴市食管癌的分离比及遗传度的估算

目的　研究遗传因素在食管癌发生中的作用。方法　通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究 ,应用Li-Mantel和Falconer方法进行食管癌的分离比及遗传度的估算。结果　泰兴市食管癌的分离比为 0 .0 839,明显低于 0 .2 5 ,属于多基因遗传方式 ;遗传度为 18.84 % ,其中男性 (2 2 .6 % )明显高于女性 (14 .6 9% )。结论　遗传因素是食管癌的危险因素 ,但不是泰兴市食管癌高发的主要危险因素。     

乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶基因多态性及饮酒与胃癌的关系

个体酒精代谢的差异是由于乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH)和细胞色素P4502E1等的基因多态性所致,被摄取至肝脏的乙醇大部分被肝细胞液中的ADH催化脱氧而牛成乙醛,ALDH的主要作用是将有毒的乙醛氧化为无毒的乙酸,后者进入三羧酸循环后,最终代谢成为二氧化碳和水而排出体外,其中约有90%在肝脏中完成[1].     

乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶基因多态性及饮酒与胃癌的关系

个体酒精代谢的差异是由于乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH)和细胞色素P4502E1等的基因多态性所致,被摄取至肝脏的乙醇大部分被肝细胞液中的ADH催化脱氧而牛成乙醛,ALDH的主要作用是将有毒的乙醛氧化为无毒的乙酸,后者进入三羧酸循环后,最终代谢成为二氧化碳和水而排出体外,其中约有90%在肝脏中完成[1].     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.