高压氧综合治疗急性CO中毒迟发性脑病一例

病例资料:患者,男,66岁。于2002年12月11日晚睡觉时,将封好的蜂窝煤炉放在室内取暖,第二天晨8时许,被发现昏迷在床上,当时呼之不应,推之不醒,口边有大量呕吐物,大小便失禁。遂诊断为急性CO中毒送我院急诊,抢救后病情基本稳定。行高压氧治疗,查体温36.5℃,脉博86     

高压氧综合治疗一氧化碳中毒合并急性肾衰一例

一、临床资料：患者男性，49岁。因在室内用炭火取暖而发生一氧化碳中毒，第2天晨8：10左右，被家人发现，呼之不应，大小便失禁，昏迷，遂送入当地医院抢救。该院给予高流量吸氧及其他对症处理，抢救5h后患者神志开始转清，治疗1d后，患者食欲、精神差，尿量减少，约500ml／d。第2天出现无尿。上导尿管导出肉眼可见血尿约100ml，患者双下肢水肿，右下肢肿痛明显，活动受限，恶心欲吐，第3天患者急转入我院救治。入院时患者表情淡漠，血压98／50mmHg，     

舒适护理用于高压氧治疗老年患者中的探讨

目的 探讨舒适护理在老年患者高压氧(HBO)治疗中护理效果.方法 将2004年1月～2006年3月接受HBO治疗老年患者658人.随机分为两组,一组采用舒适护理接受HBO治疗老年患者334人(舒适护理组)与二组采用常规护理接受HBO治疗老年患者324人作对照(对照组)比较二者的护理效果.结果 采用舒适护理后乐于接受高压氧治疗的老年患者明显增加.因非疾病因素如恐惧、不适等原因终止治疗的老年患者减少.患者按医嘱完成HBO治疗一个疗程(10次)由41%提高到54%,治疗6次以上的由原来的27%上升到31%,治疗3次以下放弃治疗由31%下降至15%,与采用常规护理比较有显著差异.结论 舒适护理用于老年人高压氧治疗,使患者带着轻松愉快的心情接受高压氧治疗和遵从医嘱完成,明显提高疗效.同时建立了和谐护患关系,大大提高了患者对护士的满意度.     

高压氧治疗外伤性气性坏疽1例报吿

患者韩某,男性,工人,于2002年4月15日下午4时40分不慎被机器挤伤右手掌,用高压水管冲洗后,急送当地医院行清创处理,用药不详。当晚右手急剧肿胀,迅速漫延至前臂,疼痛剧烈难忍,经治疗效果不佳。于4月16日4时许以"外伤性气性坏疽"转入我院创伤骨科,体检:生命体征稳定,神志清楚,痛     

关节镜下利用可吸收螺钉和orthocord线治疗前交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折的临床观察

目的 观察关节镜下在腰穿针引导下利用可吸收螺钉和orthocord线治疗前交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折的疗效。方法 2009年1月至2013年1月,关节镜下在腰穿针引导下利用可吸收螺钉和orthocord线治疗成人前交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折30例,按Meyers-McKeever分型：Ⅱ型9例,Ⅲ型16例,Ⅳ型5例。手术在关节镜下进行,复位骨折后,先采用可吸收螺钉固定,再采用交叉韧带重建钻导器（Acufex PCL guide）引导,由关节外向关节内骨折块边缘钻孔制成两骨髓道,置入腰穿针后通过腰穿针穿线固定骨折块。术后不需要石膏外固定,鼓励患者主动伸屈关节,进行股四头肌、腘绳肌等长收缩锻炼及髌骨推移锻炼。随访时拍摄X光片并采用Lysholm膝关节功能评分标准来评定疗效。结果 所有患者术后均恢复良好,无膝关节不稳,平均愈合时间（7.0±0.6）周。术后Lysholm膝关节评分（92.3±1.6）分,术后6个月评分（97.6±1.7）分,与术前（74.6±4.3）分比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 关节镜下复位联合可吸收螺钉和orthocord线固定治疗前交叉韧带下止点撕脱性骨折固定可靠、手术创伤小,术后不需石膏固定,不需要二次手术取出内固定,术后功能恢复良好。     

医院资源计划系统在医院推行的困难及对策

当今,我国医疗行业正处于医改转型的关键阶段,作为医院管理阶层,应着眼于未来,从战略层面引进先进的医院资源计划（ hospital resource planning , HRP ）管理理念,借助HRP进行业务变革,推动医院管理效益,提升医院经济效益,增强行业竞争力,以适应日益激烈的市场竞争要求。但巨大的文化差异和薄弱的管理基础对医院HRP系统的顺利推进形成很大的障碍,如何破解,笔者就此阐述相关对策及建议,以供读者参考。     

高压氧对大鼠急性脊髓损伤炎症因子表达的影响

目的 观察大鼠脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)后早期高压氧(HBO)治疗对肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)mRNA表达的影响.方法 将36只SD大鼠随机分为2组:SCI组(18只)和HBO组(18只).2组均采用改良的Allen打击法建造大鼠脊髓损伤模型.模型建造成功后,HBO组于损伤2 h后开始行HBO治疗,1次/d.2组分别于损伤后6、12、24、72、120、168 h各取3只大鼠,取损伤部位脊髓组织采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法测定其中TNF-α、IL-10 mRNA表达的变化.结果 SCI组大鼠脊髓组织中TNF-α mRNA表达逐渐升高,在伤后12h表达明显上调,至24h达高峰,高表达持续至损伤后72 h;HBO组大鼠脊髓组织中TNF-α mRNA表达变化趋势与SCI组一致,但升高幅度降低(P＜0.05);SCI组大鼠IL-10 mRNA表达在损伤后12 h开始升高,并随时间的推移逐渐升高,至168 h达高峰;HBO组表达变化趋势较一致,IL-10 mRNA升高幅度更明显(P＜0.05).结论 HBO能够减少前炎性细胞因子的释放,增加抗炎性细胞因子的表达,从而减少脊髓组织的继发损伤,保护受损的神经细胞,达到促进恢复的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of early HBO therapy on the expressions of pro inflammatory cytokine mRNA including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) following spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:the sham operation group (n=4) , the SCI group (n = 18) , and the hyperbaric oxygen group (n = 18). Spinal cord injury model was developed by using the modified Allen impact. Then, the SCI group and the HBO group received HBO therapy 2 hours after injury, once a day. And 3 rats were randomly selected at 6, 12, 24, 72, 120 and 168 h following injury to take samples of injured spinal cord tissue and measure dynamic changes in the expressions of TNF-α, IL-10 mRNA by semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. Results Faint expression of the cytokine mRNA could be noticed in the sham group. The expression of TNF-α mRNA in the injured spinal cord tissue in the SCI group elevated gradually, increased obviously at 12 h after injury and reached peak at 24 h, and its high expression maintained till 72 h after injury. The tendency in the expression of TNF-α mRNA in the HBO group was identical to that of the SCI group, however, the amplitude in the increase of TNF-α mRNA decreased (P＜0. 05). The expression of IL-10 mRNA in the SCI group began to increase at 12 h after injury and increased gradually over time and reached peak at 168 h. The expressions of both TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA were more consistent in the HBO group, with more obvious increase in the expressions of IL-10 mRNA. Conclusions HBO could reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines,resulting in reduction of secondary spinal cord injury,protection of the damaged nerve cells and promotion of recovery.     

不同高压氧治疗方案对急性一氧化碳中毒受损心肌的疗效分析

目的 探讨不同高压氧(hyperbaric oxygen,HBO)治疗方案对急性一氧化碳(carbon monoxide,CO)中毒受损心肌的影响.方法 对2006年10月至2010年3月收治的155例重症CO中毒患者进行HBO常规治疗(常规组,75例)和HBO改进治疗(改进组,80例).(1)常规组治疗方案:治疗压力0.25 MPa,加压20 min,稳压后吸氧2次,每次30 min,中间间歇10 min,减压20 min出舱.每日1次,12次为1个疗程,治疗9-68次.(2)改进组方案:前5 d采用HBO常规治疗,以后采用减小治疗压力、缩短吸氧时间、增加吸氧间隔、间歇给氧的治疗方案,治疗压力0.20 MPa,稳压吸氧4次,每次10min,中间间歇5 min,减压20 min出舱.连续治疗3 d后间隔1 d,10 d为1个疗程.2组患者使用相同的药物治疗方案.统计分析常规组和改进组ST-T变化及血清心肌酶变化.结果 改进组与常规组相比ST-T恢复率(56%,28%)明显升高(P＜0.05),HBO治疗第3天和第6天ST-T加重率(第3天21%、25%.第6天16%、27%)明显降低(P＜0.01);2组血清心肌酶恢复率和加重率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05.P＜0.01).结论 HBO改进方案对CO中毒患者受损心肌疗效较好.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of different hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO) treatment profiles on damaged myocardium induced by acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods One hundred and fifty-five serious cases of acute carbon monoxide ( CO) poisoning admitted into the hospital for treatment from October 2006 to March 2010 were randomly divided into the routine HBO treatment group (the routine group,75 cases) and the improved HBO treatment group (the improved group,80 cases). The treatment profile of the routine HBO treatment group: the patients were compressed for 20 min to the treatment pressure of 0.25 Mpa. Following stabilization at the said pressure, the patients breathed oxygen twice for 30 min plus 10 min, once a day. The whole treatment course consisted of 12 sessions, with the patients receiving HBO treatments from 9 to 68 times. The treatment profile of the improved HBO treatment group: the patients were given routine HBO treatment in the first 5 days, then, received improved HBO treatment, with a treatment profile of lower pressure (0.20 Mpa) , shorter oxygen-breathing time, lengthening of oxygen-breathing intervals and intermittent oxygen breathing. Total oxygen-breathing time was 4 times, each for 10 min plus 3 times each for 5 min. Then, the patients were decompressed to the surface following 20-min oxygen-breathing decompression. The patients received treatment for a succession of 3 days, then, had 1-day interval, and the whole treatment course consisted of 10 sessions. Changes in ST-T and myocardial enzymes of both the routine HBO treatment group and the improved HBO treatment group were measured and analyzed. Results ST-T recovery rate of the improved HBO treatment group increased (56% ,28% ) obviously, when compared with that of the routine HBO treatment group(P ＜ 0. 05). ST-T worse rate decreased significantly following HBO treatment on the 3rd and 6th days (21% and 25% on the 3rd day, 16% and 27% on the 6th day) respectively (P＜0.01). Statistical differences could be seen in the myocardial recovery rate and worse rate, when a comparison was made between them (P＜0. 05, P＜0. 01). Conclusions The improved HBO treatment profile showed better therapeutic effect on damaged myocardium induced by CO poisoning. This treatment profile should be used instead of other treatment profiles.     

高压氧联合亚低温对大鼠脑创伤细胞凋亡及Bcl-2表达的影响

目的 探讨高压氧(HBO)联合亚低温(MHT)治疗对创伤性脑损伤(TBI)细胞凋亡及Bcl-2表达的影响.方法 制作大鼠自由落体脑挫伤动物模型,设立TBI常规治疗组(TBI组)、常规治疗+ HBO组、常规治疗+MHT组和常规治疗+HBO+ MHT组,应用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)和流式细胞术对各组大鼠脑挫伤病灶旁的细胞凋亡情况进行检测;使用免疫组化方法检测Bcl-2蛋白在脑组织中的表达情况.结果 常规治疗+ HBO组(16.3±5.0)、常规治疗+MHT组(18.7±6.9)和常规治疗+HBO+ MHT组(24.7±7.2) Bcl-2的表达均高于常规治疗组(8.9±4.2)(P＜0.05),其中常规治疗+HBO+MHT组表达最高.结论 HBO联合亚低温治疗脑创伤可有效减少细胞凋亡及增加Bcl-2的表达.     

高压氧联合转化糖治疗椎基底动脉供血不足性眩晕30例临床观察

椎基底动脉供血不足（vertebrobasilar ischemia，VBI）性眩晕是临床神经内科常见病之一。主症为头晕、恶心、呕吐等，多因动脉硬化、颈椎骨质增生压迫椎动脉所致，近年来有逐渐年轻化的趋势，发生率也在逐年增高，严重影响了患者的生活和工作质量。高压氧是改善VBI不足的一种较为有效的治疗方法。转化糖电解质注射液是由右旋结晶葡萄糖与左旋结晶果糖按1∶1混合制成的复方制剂，适用于需要非口服途径补充水、能量及电解质的患者。笔者采用高压氧联合转化糖静滴治疗椎基底动脉供血不足性眩晕疗效满意。现报道如下。