血乳酸水平及清除率和升高时间与重症监护病房危重患者预后的关系

Objective To study and quantify the relationship between dynamic lactic acid monitoring indexes and prognosis of critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods One hundred and one critically ill patients with elavated blood lactic acid level were included in this study and divided into death group (n= 50) and survival group (n = 51). Differences in their lactic acid indexes (including: lactic acid level, duration of lacticemia, lactic clearance), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅰ (APACHE Ⅰ ) score, and other clinical indicators which reflected organ/system status were compared, and prognostic significant lacticemia indexes were formulated by multi-variable logistic analysis. Subsequently, patients were grouped by significant lactic indexes separately and compared with incidence of shock/multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), APACHE Ⅰ score and mortality. Results Differences in lactic acid level, peak lactic acid level, 12-hour and 24-hour lactic acid clearance between death group and survival group showed statistically significant difference (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH had significant correlation with prognosis, odds ratios (OR) were 1. 466, 0. 922, 1. 208, 0. 032, respectively. Patients with peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% had significantly higher mortality: 77. 8% and 70. 6%, respectively (P<0. 05 and P< 0.01). Although patients with lacticemia > 24 hours had higher mortality, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH are good indicators to evaluate patients' prognosis. Peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% is an alert of extremely bad prognosis. Prognosis value of duration of lacticemia is limited.     

阿魏酸钠对局灶性脑梗死大鼠内皮素、降钙素基因相关肽变化的影响

目的：探讨局灶性脑梗死急性期应用阿魏酸钠对内皮素（ET）和降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）的影响。方法：随机将成熟雄性大鼠分为正常对照组、假手术组、手术非干预组、手术干预组4组,手术组按时间随机分为30min、1h、2h、6h、12h、24h、48h、72h、5d、7d、14d 11个亚组;采用改良Longa法建立局灶脑梗死模型．应用放射免疫法测定各组大鼠不同时间点脑组织和血浆中ET、CGRP含量。结果：大脑中动脉梗死后30min时ET无明显变化,1h起,较假手术组显著升高（P〈0．01）;cGRP在各个时间点均较假手术组降低（P〈0．01）;二者具有相关性,脑组织与血浆中r分别为-0．415、-0．350;手术干预组ET、CGRP与非干预组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）,脑组织与血浆中r分别为．0．602、-0．590。结论：阿魏酸钠可有效地抑制ET升高及CGRP降低．从而起到脑保护的作用。     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血致多器官功能障碍大鼠模型的建立及内皮素、降钙素相关基因肽病理机制的研究

目的 探讨脑组织和血浆中内皮素（ET）、降钙互相关基因肽（CGRP）在脑缺血再灌注致多器官功能障碍（MODS）发生中的病理机制.方法 成熟雄性大鼠随机分为正常对照组、假手术组、手术组.按时间随机再分为30 min,1、2、6、12、24、48、72 h,5、7、14 d 11个时间点,每组6只.采用改良Longa法建立局灶性脑缺血致MODS模型,同时记录三组各个时相点的全身症状、生命体征,检测外周血WBC、血糖、肝功和肾功,并在各个时相点同步动态测定脑组织和血浆中ET、CGRP的水平.结果 1.大鼠急性局灶性脑缺血再灌注后手术组体温升高、脉搏、心率增快,WBC、ALT、AST、BUN、Cr、BS升高,全身炎症反应综合症（SIRS）的发生率为100%,MODS的发生率为57.1%,正常对照组与假手术组无一例发生.2.局灶缺血发生MODS大鼠30 min时ET无明显变化,从1 h起ET升高,2 h时达高峰; CGRP在各个时间点均降低,各个时相点脑组织和血浆中ET、CGRP水平均呈负相关;与未发生MODS大鼠比较有显著性差异.结论 局灶性脑缺血再灌注后脑组织和血浆ET升高和CGRP降低是SIRS和MODS发生发展的病理机制之一.     

持续血液净化在术后多器官功能障碍综合征患者中的应用

持续血液净化(CBP)是近年来发展起来的治疗技术,因其持续、缓慢清除溶质,对血流动力学影响小,应用指征不断扩大,已由单纯用于肾功能不全扩展至各种原因导致的多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS).我们总结近年收治的24例应用CBP治疗的外科术后并发MODS患者的资料,并与同期未应用CBP治疗的23例类似患者进行比较,总结如下.     

血乳酸水平及清除率和升高时间与重症监护病房危重患者预后的关系

Objective To study and quantify the relationship between dynamic lactic acid monitoring indexes and prognosis of critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods One hundred and one critically ill patients with elavated blood lactic acid level were included in this study and divided into death group (n= 50) and survival group (n = 51). Differences in their lactic acid indexes (including: lactic acid level, duration of lacticemia, lactic clearance), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅰ (APACHE Ⅰ ) score, and other clinical indicators which reflected organ/system status were compared, and prognostic significant lacticemia indexes were formulated by multi-variable logistic analysis. Subsequently, patients were grouped by significant lactic indexes separately and compared with incidence of shock/multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), APACHE Ⅰ score and mortality. Results Differences in lactic acid level, peak lactic acid level, 12-hour and 24-hour lactic acid clearance between death group and survival group showed statistically significant difference (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH had significant correlation with prognosis, odds ratios (OR) were 1. 466, 0. 922, 1. 208, 0. 032, respectively. Patients with peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% had significantly higher mortality: 77. 8% and 70. 6%, respectively (P<0. 05 and P< 0.01). Although patients with lacticemia > 24 hours had higher mortality, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH are good indicators to evaluate patients' prognosis. Peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% is an alert of extremely bad prognosis. Prognosis value of duration of lacticemia is limited.     

血乳酸水平及清除率和升高时间与重症监护病房危重患者预后的关系

Objective To study and quantify the relationship between dynamic lactic acid monitoring indexes and prognosis of critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods One hundred and one critically ill patients with elavated blood lactic acid level were included in this study and divided into death group (n= 50) and survival group (n = 51). Differences in their lactic acid indexes (including: lactic acid level, duration of lacticemia, lactic clearance), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅰ (APACHE Ⅰ ) score, and other clinical indicators which reflected organ/system status were compared, and prognostic significant lacticemia indexes were formulated by multi-variable logistic analysis. Subsequently, patients were grouped by significant lactic indexes separately and compared with incidence of shock/multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), APACHE Ⅰ score and mortality. Results Differences in lactic acid level, peak lactic acid level, 12-hour and 24-hour lactic acid clearance between death group and survival group showed statistically significant difference (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH had significant correlation with prognosis, odds ratios (OR) were 1. 466, 0. 922, 1. 208, 0. 032, respectively. Patients with peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% had significantly higher mortality: 77. 8% and 70. 6%, respectively (P<0. 05 and P< 0.01). Although patients with lacticemia > 24 hours had higher mortality, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH are good indicators to evaluate patients' prognosis. Peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% is an alert of extremely bad prognosis. Prognosis value of duration of lacticemia is limited.     

磁共振成像在肾上腺脑白质营养不良诊断中的应用

目的 探讨氢质子磁共振波谱成像(1H-MRSI)和弥散张量成像(DTI)在肾上腺脑白质营养不良(ALD)诊断中的价值,并应用弥散张量白质纤维束追踪成像(DTT)技术显示ALD纤维束受累情况.方法 对6例ALD患者行1H-MRSI、DTI和常规影像学检查,比较不同病变区域N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌酐(cr)、表观扩散系数(ADC)和各向异性分量(FA)的变化及相关性,选择胼胝体和锥体束进行白质纤维束成像.结果 病变起始区域NAA/Cr比值(0.55±0.19),NAA/Cho比值(0.22±0.11)降低(F=7.693、7.751),Cho/Cr比值(2.54±0.37)升高(F=6.348),ADC值最高(1.49±0.36,F=5.226),FA值最低(0.21±0.08,F=5.139,均P＜0.05);病变区域近周NAA/Cr比值(1.16±0.03)和NAA/Cho比值(0.45±0.17)降低较远周明显(t=1.769、1.842,P＜0.05);病变发展区域ADC值(0.89±0.03)低,FA值(0.45±0.07)最高;NAA/Cho与ADC负相关(r=-0.71,P＜0.05),与FA正相关(r=0.31,P＜0.05);DTT结果 显示病变区域胼胝体和锥体束均受累,走行中断或呈不连续碎片样.结论 1H-MRSI和DTI为ALD提供了更多的早期诊断依据,并且可动态监测脑白质病变进展,DTT可直接显示ALD患者纤维束受累情况.     

早期启动远端空肠喂养对重症急性胰腺炎临床预后的影响

目的 探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)患者早期启动远端空肠喂养(DJF)及达到目标喂养速度对临床预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析2008年4月至2011年3月收治的SAP患者肠内营养支持状况,并将其分为三组:A组(≤5 d达到目标喂养速度)、B组(＞5 d达到目标喂养速度)和C组(从未达到目标喂养速度).收集记录患者的年龄、入院时急性生理学和慢性健康状况Ⅱ( APACHE Ⅱ)评分、DJF启动时间、达到目标喂养速度时间、ICU住院时间、并发症和病死率等.结果 纳入SAP患者51例,A组19例,B组16例,C组16例.三组年龄、性别构成、入院时APACHEⅡ评分、并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),A、B组ICU住院时间与C组比较差异有统计学意义[( 27.05±12.07)、(29.37±11.52)d比(40.13±14.72)d,P＜0.05].达到目标喂养速度时间≤18d患者(39例)ICU住院时间为(20.83±7.66)d,病死率为10.26％(4/39),明显优于达到目标喂养速度时间＞18d患者(12例)的(38.91±14.83)d、58.33％(7/12),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).存活患者(40例)DJF启动时间(7.20±3.63)d,早于死亡患者(11例)的(21.82±5.91)d,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在ICU中早期启动DJF能够明显降低SAP病死率,早期达到目标喂养速度能够缩短ICU住院时间.     

托吡酯治疗儿童交替性偏瘫的疗效观察

目的 观察托吡酯(TPM)治疗儿童交替性偏瘫(AHC)的临床疗效.方法 对氟桂利嗪等药物治疗无效的6例AHC患儿应用TPM治疗,观察TPM治疗后偏瘫及伴随的癫(癎)和偏头痛的发作频率、持续时间及严重程度的变化.结果 TPM治疗6个月后患儿偏瘫发作频率降低76.4%、持续时间减少80.2%,严重程度亦降低.癫(癎)发作频率和持续时间分别降低84.5%和75.5%,偏头痛发作频率和持续时间分别降低77.5%和76.4%.结论 TPM对氟桂利嗪等治疗无效AHC患儿具有较好的疗效.     

血乳酸水平及清除率和升高时间与重症监护病房危重患者预后的关系

Objective To study and quantify the relationship between dynamic lactic acid monitoring indexes and prognosis of critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods One hundred and one critically ill patients with elavated blood lactic acid level were included in this study and divided into death group (n= 50) and survival group (n = 51). Differences in their lactic acid indexes (including: lactic acid level, duration of lacticemia, lactic clearance), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅰ (APACHE Ⅰ ) score, and other clinical indicators which reflected organ/system status were compared, and prognostic significant lacticemia indexes were formulated by multi-variable logistic analysis. Subsequently, patients were grouped by significant lactic indexes separately and compared with incidence of shock/multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), APACHE Ⅰ score and mortality. Results Differences in lactic acid level, peak lactic acid level, 12-hour and 24-hour lactic acid clearance between death group and survival group showed statistically significant difference (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH had significant correlation with prognosis, odds ratios (OR) were 1. 466, 0. 922, 1. 208, 0. 032, respectively. Patients with peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% had significantly higher mortality: 77. 8% and 70. 6%, respectively (P<0. 05 and P< 0.01). Although patients with lacticemia > 24 hours had higher mortality, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Peak lactic acid level, 12-hour lactic clearance, APACHE Ⅰ score and blood pH are good indicators to evaluate patients' prognosis. Peak lactic acid value≥10 mmol/L or 12-hour lactic clearance≤10% is an alert of extremely bad prognosis. Prognosis value of duration of lacticemia is limited.