清热化瘀汤对急性脑出血患者血清hs-CRP、血浆S100β蛋白和NSE的影响

目的:探究清热化瘀汤联合依达拉奉对急性脑出血患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血浆S100β蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的影响。方法:选择2017年5月—2019年5月在我院神经内科就诊符合纳入标准的80例急性脑出血患者,随机分为联合组(40例)和依达拉奉组(40例),两组均给予基础治疗和依达拉奉静脉滴注治疗,联合组则在此基础上加用清热化瘀汤。观察并比较两组的临床疗效、神经功能缺损程度评分(NIHSS)、格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)、hs-CRP、S100β蛋白和NSE水平及脑血肿量。结果:联合组的总有效率为95%(38/40),显著高于依达拉奉组的总有效率75%(30/40)(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组NIHSS评分降低,GCS评分升高,且联合组NIHSS评分明显低于依达拉奉组(P<0.05),GCS评分高于依达拉奉组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组hs-CRP、S100β蛋白和NSE水平及均脑血肿量均低于治疗前,且联合组hs-CRP、S100β蛋白和NSE水平及脑血肿量明显低于依达拉奉组(P<0.05)。结论:清热化瘀汤联合依达拉奉对急性脑出血患者具有良好的疗效,可显著改善其神经缺损,降低hs-CRP、S100β蛋白和NSE水平及脑血肿量。     

尿激酶对脑梗死特异性烯醇化酶的影响及其临床意义

目的：探讨尿激酶与急性脑梗死（ACI）患者特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的关系。方法：该实验采用酶联免疫吸附法（EusA）测定脑梗死常规治疗组、尿激酶治疗组血清NSE水平。结果：尿激酶组NSE值显著低于ACI常规治疗组。结论：尿激酶能降低血清酶活性，使已形成的纤维蛋白水解，从而缩小梗死灶体积，改善脑缺血、缺氧，从而起到保护脑细胞的作用。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病神经元烯醇化酶变化的研究

目的　探讨新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病时神经元烯醇化酶的变化,为HIE的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法　采用病历对照研究,将实验组分为三组:轻、中、重度HIE分别为2 1、4 9、8例;正常对照组73例。测定其血中神经元烯醇化酶的浓度变化。比较各组间检测指标的差异。结果　实验组NSE水平明显高于对照组,组间有显著性差异,P <0 .0 1:且实验组轻、中、重度间有显著性差异,P均<0 .0 5。结论　NSE水平与HIE的病情严重程度相关,是反映HIE严重程度比较客观的指标。     

高压氧对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注时神经元特异性烯醇化酶的影响

目的研究高压氧(HBO)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注(IR)时．大鼠脑梗塞体积．脑组织病理改变及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)含量的影响。方法用线栓法制备阻断大脑中动脉(MCA)的局灶性脑IR模型。Wistar大鼠30只，随机分为5组：正常对照组(N组n=-6)，缺血再灌注2h 常压空气组(Rt组,n=-6)，缺血再灌注24h 常压空气组(R2组，n=-6)，缺血再灌注2h HBO组(H1组，n=-6)，缺血再灌注24h HBO组(H2组，n=-6)。R1、R2、H1、H2组缺血时间均为2h。R1、R2组暴露于常压空气，H1、H2组暴露于2．5MPa氧气。病理切片用HE染色，用Swanson方法测定脑梗塞体积，用酶联免疫法测定NSE含量。结果H1、H2组与R1、R2组相比，神经元缺血性损害较轻，脑梗塞体积缩小，NSE含量明显下降，差异有统计学意义。结论HBO能减轻缺血性脑损害，保护脑组织。     

中枢神经系统白血病血清神经元特异性烯醇酶测定的临床意义

目的 探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇酶与中枢神经系统白血病之间的关系。方法 对确诊的30例急性白血病患者及匹配的正常人的血清神经元特异性烯醇酶进行测定。结果 中枢神经系统白血病组血清神经元特异性烯醇酶含量21．92 7．5μg/L均明显高于白血病组、对照组，差异有显著性。结论 血清神经元特异性烯醇酶可作为反映中枢神经系统白血病病情的生化指标。     

戊四氮致痫大鼠脑脊液神经元特异性烯醇化酶的水平测定

目的通过测定戊四氮致痫大鼠脑脊液中的神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的变化,探讨痫性发作与脑损伤之间的关系。方法110只Wistar大鼠分为实验组和对照组。实验组给予戊四氮(PIZ)腹腔注射。根据痫性发作的强度分为轻度组和重度组。用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定不同痫性发作强度、不同时间点大鼠脑脊液中NSE水平的变化,并与对照组进行对比。结果重度组脑脊液NSE水平在1h、2h、4h、6h均显著高于轻度组和对照组(P<0.01);轻度组脑脊液NSE含量在1h高于对照组(P<0.05),在2h、4h、6h显著高于轻度组;脑脊液NSE水平在痫性发作后1h迅速升高。4h达到高峰,24h恢复到正常水平。结论痫性发作可对大鼠神经细胞造成明显的损害。损害的程度与痫性发作的程度有关。痫性发作后4h可能是进行早期干预、防止脑细胞损伤的时间窗。     

Neuron-specific enolase and malignant lymphomas (23 cases)

Summary The immunoreactivity of polyclonal antiserum to neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has been investigated. Twenty-three cases of malignant lymphoma (ML) were studied and compared with previously published reports. In our study 11 out of 23 cases showed strong or weak NSE positivity; any type of ML could be positive or negative even among B or T cell ML. This study indicated that polyclonal NSE is not a specific marker; it might be an inconstant marker of ML with no apparent correlation between reactivity and morphology or phenotype.     

γ-Enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein in nervous system tumors

Summary A large series of central and peripheral nervous system tumors was studied for the presence of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and -enolase (neuron-specific enolase, NSE), using specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Occurrence in and specificity of GFAP to glial and mixed tumors was confirmed and depended on the malignancy grade and features such as meningeal invasion. Using a well-characterized mAb, -enolase was demonstrated in neuronal, as well as in a whole range of non-neuronal tumors. This lack of specificity of -enolase prohibits its use as an exclusive neuronal marker. Nevertheless quantization or comparison with other types of enolases could still prove to be useful in well-defined situations. The advantages inherent to mAbs and a highly sensitive detection system turn GFAP stainings into a specific and readily reproducible technique.Supported in part by FGWO (grant no. 3.0019.86) and by the Geconcerteerde Actie (grant no. 84/89-68, Brain specific proteins)     

Small round and spindle cell sarcoma with neuronal differentiation and oncocyte-like features of the thoracic wall: A case report with histological,immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations

A case of small round and spindle cell sarcoma with neuronal differentiation and oncocyte-like features is presented. The tumor was encountered in a 32 year old Japanese woman with an initial presentation of palpable tumor in the left lateral region of the thorax. The resected tumor was a partially well encapsulated whitish medullary one and consisted of small round and spindle tumor cells, together with so-called rhabdoid cells in the small round cell area. Although pseudorosettes were often observed, true rosette formation could not be detected anywhere. Ultrastructurally, despite a histologic variety of tumor cells, most tumor cells possessed numerous mitochondria, some of which occasionally contained abnormal filamentous or crystalloid structures. Various amounts of microfilaments were present in most tumor cells and microtubules were present in a few. A minority of small round cells possessed a small number of neurosecretory granules, especially in short cytoplasmic processes. A positive immunoreaction for neuron specific enolase was found by immunohistochemical examination in several small round tumor cells and for neurofilaments in lesser numbers. Despite the lack of S-100 protein, MB2 was detected in both small round and spindle cells. On the basis of these findings, the tumor of the present case corresponds to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with neuronal differentiation and oncocytic features.