造口肉芽肿两种治疗方法疗效比较

目的观察在造口门诊用硝酸银、电灼两种治疗方法对造口肉芽肿的治疗效果。 方法造口门诊对就诊的52例造口肉芽肿患者，随机分成硝酸银组和电灼组，分别用硝酸银、电灼两种方法进行治疗，观察并分析其疗效。 结果两种治疗方法疗效比较差异无统计学意义（Z=1.646，P=0.100）。有效率回归分析电灼比硝酸银更有效。 结论两种治疗方法对造口肉芽肿均有效，可根据肉芽肿的大小、患者是否方便复诊等情况，选择适当的处理方法，以达到满意的治疗效果。     

亚慢性硝酸钇暴露对雌性大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的：观察稀土化合物硝酸钇[Y（NO₃）₃]亚慢性（90 d）暴露对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响，并探究其可能的机制，为全面评估稀土元素钇的健康风险提供科学依据。方法：选用刚离乳（PND21）SD雌性大鼠，根据质量随机分为4组，分别为对照组（ddH₂O），Y（NO₃）₃低剂量组[10 mg/（kg·d）]、中剂量组[40 mg/（kg·d）]和高剂量组[160 mg/（kg·d）]，每组15只。连续灌胃受试物90 d后进行旷场实验、高架十字迷宫实验、转棒实验、Morris水迷宫实验。水迷宫检测后，每组取5只雌鼠心脏原位灌注，进行脑组织病理学检查。每组剩余10只雌鼠摘取脑组织，紫外分光光度计检测雌鼠大脑皮质和海马中谷氨酸（Glu）的含量；Western blot检测海马组织中N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体蛋白表达情况。结果：与对照组相比，硝酸钇90 d暴露后，转棒实验中160 mg/（kg·d）剂量组大鼠在棒时间、在棒圈数、掉落速度明显升高（P<0.05）。在Morris水迷宫定位航向实验第4天时，40、160 mg/（kg·d）剂量组大鼠逃避潜伏期明显降低（P<0.05）；Morris水迷宫空间探索实验中，40 mg/（kg·d）剂量组大鼠穿越平台次数、目标象限游泳时间明显增加（P<0.05）；160 mg/（kg·d）剂量组穿越平台次数、进入目标象限次数、目标象限游泳时间明显增加（P<0.05）；160 mg/（kg·d）剂量组大鼠东北、东南、西南象限的逃避潜伏期明显低于西北象限的逃避潜伏期（P<0.05）。160 mg/（kg·d）剂量组大鼠海马中Glu含量和NMDA受体NR1含量均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。40和160 mg/（kg·d）剂量组大鼠海马中NMDA受体NR2A含量明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：硝酸钇亚慢性（90 d）暴露可以引起雌性大鼠空间学习记忆能力增强；硝酸钇可能通过降低海马组织神经元细胞外Glu含量，抑制NMDA受体激活，增强雌性大鼠的空间学习记忆能力。     

中药方与硝酸咪康唑栓治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的效果

目的中药组方联合硝酸咪康唑栓治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的临床观察。方法在2018年8月-2019年2月期间选择因复发性霉菌性阴道炎就诊于本科室的86例患者进行研究。以抽签方式将患者分为两组,每组患者43例。对比组采用西医传统常规治疗方式,即为硝酸咪康唑栓治疗。试验组采用中药组方与硝酸咪康唑栓治疗联合治疗方式,中药组方采用了我科室自拟经验方。分析两组最终治疗效果。结果试验组治疗有效率为97.67%高于对照组的76.74%,两组差异有统计学意义,χ²=8.443 6,P=0.003 6。结论复发性霉菌性阴道炎治疗中,中药组方与硝酸咪康唑栓联合治疗方式可以作为首选的治疗方案,此方式应用价值明显高于单独硝酸咪康唑栓治疗方案,可见此治疗方式有一定的治疗效果,值得临床应用。     

Black beans and red kidney beans induce positive postprandial vascular responses in healthy adults: A pilot randomized cross-over study

Background and aimsConsuming pulses (dry beans, dry peas, chickpeas, lentils) over several weeks can improve vascular function and decrease cardiovascular disease risk; however, it is unknown whether pulses can modulate postprandial vascular responses. The objective of this study was to compare different bean varieties (black, navy, pinto, red kidney) and white rice for their acute postprandial effects on vascular and metabolic responses in healthy individuals.Methods and resultsThe study was designed as a single-blinded, randomized crossover trial with a minimum 6 days between consumption of the food articles. Vascular tone (primary endpoint), haemodynamics and serum biochemistry (secondary endpoints) were measured in 8 healthy adults before and at 1, 2, and 6 h after eating ¾ cup of beans or rice. Blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were lower at 2 h following red kidney bean and pinto bean consumption compared to rice and navy bean, respectively (p < 0.05). There was greater vasorelaxation 6 h following consumption of darker-coloured beans, as shown by decreased vascular tone: PWV was lower after consuming black bean compared to pinto bean, augmentation pressure was lower after consuming black bean compared to rice and pinto bean, and wave reflection magnitude was lower after consuming red kidney bean and black bean compared to rice, navy bean, and pinto bean (p < 0.05). LDL-cholesterol concentrations were lower 6 h after black bean consumption compared to rice (p < 0.05).ConclusionOverall, red kidney and black beans, the darker-coloured beans, elicited a positive effect on the tensile properties of blood vessels, and this acute response may provide insight for how pulses modify vascular function.     

长效硝酸酯对心力衰竭大鼠心脏血管紧张素Ⅱ受体表达水平的影响

目的:探讨长效硝酸酯(异乐定)对心肌梗死后慢性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠心功能、血浆肾素活性(plasma renin activity,PRA)和血管紧张素II(Angiotensin II,Ang II)水平以及非梗死区左心室组织血管紧张素II受体(Angiotensin II receptor,ATR)各亚型表达水平的影响。方法:选用雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为正常对照组(N组)、假手术组(SH组),结扎左冠状动脉前降支制作心肌梗死后心力衰竭模型,分为心力衰竭模型组(HF组)、硝酸酯小剂量组(LN组)、硝酸酯大剂量组(HN组)、阳性药物对照组(奥美沙坦酯,OL组)及硝酸酯大剂量联合阳性药物组(HN+OL组),灌胃法给药6周。超声心动图检测用药前后心功能,放射免疫法检测血浆PRA、Ang II水平,RT-PCR和Western blot检测各组心肌AT1R及AT2R的表达水平。结果:1用药后,与HF组相比,HN组、OL组和HN+OL组左心室射血分数(LVEF)显著升高(P<0.05);与OL组相比,HN+OL组LVEF显著升高(P<0.05)。2与SH组相比,HF组PRA、Ang II水平显著升高(P<0.01),AT2R表达水平明显上调(P<0.05),AT1R表达水平明显下调(P<0.05);与HF组相比,HN、OL和HN+OL组PRA、Ang II水平均显著下降(P<0.05、P<0.01),AT2R表达明显下调(P<0.05),AT1R表达明显上调(P<0.05);与OL组相比,HN+OL组AT1R显著上调,AT2R显著下调(P<0.05)。结论:应用长效硝酸酯能降低CHF循环中PRA、Ang II水平,同时使CHF心脏AT1R、AT2R的表达水平反向调节趋于正常,并提高LVEF,显著改善了心功能。大剂量硝酸酯的疗效明显优于小剂量,并可协同奥美沙坦改善心功能。     

Silver nitrate mimicking a foreign body in the pharyngeal mucosal space

Silver nitrate is sometimes used as a means of chemical cauterization for control of minor bleeding and management of hypergranulation tissue following bedside head and neck procedures. There are only few reports available on the imaging appearance of silver nitrate and its potential to mimic a foreign body. We report a case of a patient presenting with dysphagia, odynophagia, and fever following dental work who had a peritonsillar incision and drainage for treatment of a deep neck space infection. During the procedure, silver nitrate was applied to halt the bleeding. Patient was subsequently transferred to another institution. Since the patient was not showing significant clinical improvement on antibiotic therapy, a computed tomography (CT) scan was performed demonstrating a hyperdense structure lodged in the pharyngeal mucosal space in the oropharynx and soft palate that was mistaken for a foreign body such as bone. Silver nitrate can have density similar to bone but does not have the normal architecture of bone with cortex and marrow on CT. Familiarity with the appearance of silver nitrate on CT, lack of bone architecture, and proper documentation and communication of the use of silver nitrate to the consultant radiologist and medical personnel could help avoid misdiagnosis and potentially unnecessary surgical exploration.     

On the adsorption and reduction of NO3− ions at Au and Pt electrodes studied by in situ FTIR spectroscopy

The adsorption of nitrate ions on gold and platinum electrodes in acid solution has been studied in acidic solution using in situ FURS. It is found that nitrate is adsorbed probably with a two-fold coordination on gold electrodes as suggested by the adsórbate potential-dependent spectral feature centered between 1440 and 1460 cm^?1. In addition, partial reduction of the nitrate ions at more negative potentials (ca. 0.05 V) generates nitrite ions in solution. These ions are co-adsorbed with nitrate ions in the double layer region of potentials. The nitrite ions seem to be adsorbed O-down with a one-fold or two-fold coordination. Platinum electrodes are found to be much more active catalytically to nitrate reduction than gold electrodes. The reduction of nitrate ions at potentials below 0.8 V generates an adsorbed product presenting a potential-dependent band at 1540 to 1580 cm^?1 which has been identified as adsorbed NO.     

Salivary nitrate--an ecological factor in reducing oral acidity

Human oral cavities represent a novel environment with a constant supply of concentrated nitrate. For humans, over 80% of dietary nitrate originates from fruit and vegetables. With a healthy, balanced diet, rich in fruit and vegetables, the concentration of nitrate in saliva can reach up to more than three times the European drinking water standard. The physiological function of the active excretion of salivary nitrate is unknown. Furthermore, little is known of the ecological function of oral nitrate and the effect on the oral environment during its subsequent oral microbial conversions. The objectives of the research were to investigate the effect on salivary pH coupled with oral microbial nitrate and/or nitrite reduction. Human saliva samples were incubated anaerobically in the presence of 111.0 mmol glucose (2%), with and without 1.5 mmol nitrate/nitrite, and pH and nitrate/nitrite consumption were measured during the time-course of the incubations. We found that anaerobic incubation of saliva containing a mixture of oral bacteria in the presence of nitrate/nitrite substrates and glucose resulted in a higher pH than was found in controls in the absence of nitrate/nitrite. These results suggest that the presence of these electron acceptors repressed acid fermentation, or increased alkali production, or consumed acid produced, thus reducing salivary acidity. This finding identifies salivary nitrate as a possible ecological factor in reducing oral acidity. The possibility that a symbiotic relationship between host nitrate excretion and nitrate-reducing microorganisms might help to protect against tooth decay should be explored further.