c-FLIP和TGF-β1在喉鳞癌组织中的表达及其临床相关性研究

目的探讨c-FLIP和TGF-β1在喉鳞癌组织中的表达与肿瘤的病理学分级和患者临床分期及颈淋巴结转移之间的相关性。方法应用RT-PCR法检测30例喉鳞癌患者肿瘤组织及喉部正常组织中c-FLIP mRNA的表达情况,同时应用免疫组化法对实验组及对照组中c-FLIP和TGF-β1蛋白的表达情况进行了检测。结果①实验组中,c-FLIP mRNA表达阳性者有18例,而对照组中仅3例表达阳性。②c-FLIP、TGF-β1在实验组中的平均阳性细胞表达率分别为44.87%和48.56%,而在对照组中此相应值分别为8.63%和8.25%。③两因子在喉鳞癌组织中的表达水平均与患者临床分期和肿瘤病理学分级成正相关,且它们在伴颈淋巴结转移组中的表达水平均明显高于非转移组。结论①c-FLIP、TGF-β1在喉鳞癌组织中高表达而在喉部正常组织中低表达。②c-FLIP和TGF-β1两因子在喉鳞癌组织中的表达水平与喉鳞癌患者的临床病理参数密切相关。③c-FLIP和TGF-β1可能共同参与了喉鳞癌的发生、发展。     

Assessing the selective therapeutic efficacy of superparamagnetic erlotinib nanoparticles in lung cancer by using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and a nuclear factor kappa-B reporter gene system

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors are commonly used as the first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC; however, the efficacy of drug delivery remains unknown. Hence, we successfully developed erlotinib-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles (FeDC-E NPs) as theranostic probe that can potentially provide a new avenue for monitoring drug delivering through noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging. MRI ΔR2* relaxivity measurements offer an opportunity to quantitatively evaluate the uptake of FeDC-E NPs at cellular and tumoral levels. Additionally, NF-κB reporter gene system provides NF-κB activation status monitoring to validate the therapeutic efficiency of FeDC-E NPs. FeDC-E NPs not only inhibit the tumor growth and NF-κB-modulated antiapoptotic mechanism but also trigger extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Taken together, dual functional FeDC-E NPs offer diagnostic and therapeutic benefits against lung cancers, indicating that our presented probe could be applied in clinical.     

c-FLIP mRNA 在恶性血液病中的表达及其意义

目的：探讨C—FLIPmRNA在恶性血液病中的表达及其意义。方法：用采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测42例恶性血液病骨髓单个核细胞C—FLIPmRNA的表达。包括急性白血病（AL）27例，其中初治21例及复发和完全缓解（CR）后AL各3例、慢性粒细胞性白血病（CML）5例、慢性中性粒细胞性白血病（CNL）1例和慢性淋巴细胞性白血病（CLL）4例，多发性骨髓瘤（MM）3例，骨髓增生异常综合征-难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多2型（MDS—RAEB-2）2例。结果：在初治和复发AL、初治CML、CNL、CLL、MDS—RAEB-2、MM中C—FLIPmRNA均呈异常增高表达，初治AL中c—FLIPmRNA的表达与复发AL比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），其FAB各亚型之间的表达差异亦无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。初治AL与CLLC—FLIPmRNA的表达显著高于初治CML（P〈0．001），但初治AL与初治CLLE魄磋淠呒统计学意义（P〉0．05）。MDS—RAEB-2、MMC—FLIPmRNA的表达与AL的cFLIPmRNA表达均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。对照组和CR后AL均为阴性表达。C—FLIPmRNA的表达与初治AL患者年龄、性别、初诊白细胞数、LDH以及核型、免疫表型无关。初治未达CR的AL患者其c—FLIPmRNA表达高于CR者，但并无统计学意义（尸〉0．05）。结论：恶性血液病C—FLIPmRNA的表达异常增高。C—FLIPmRNA能反映恶性血液病骨髓细胞的凋亡抑制情况，并与恶性血液病的类型、疾病状态、临床疗效和预后密切相关。     

Regulation of proliferation, survival and apoptosis by members of the TNF superfamily

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was first identified in 1984 as a cytokine with anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Extensive research since then has shown that there are at least 18 distinct members of the TNF super family and they exhibit 15-25% amino acid sequence homology with each other. These family members bind to distinct receptors, which are homologous in their extracellular domain. These cytokines have been implicated in a wide variety of diseases including tumorigenesis, septic shock, viral replication, bone resorption, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and other inflammatory diseases. TNF blockers have been approved for human use in treating some of these conditions in the United States and other countries. Various members of the TNF super family mediate either proliferation, survival, or apoptosis of cells. Although distinct receptors, all members share a common cell signaling pathway that mediates the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (e.g. c-jun N-terminal kinase). Regulation of cell growth and activation of NF-kappaB and of c-jun N-terminal kinase by the TNF super family is mediated through sequential activation/association of a set of cell signaling proteins named TNF receptor-associated factors, Fas-associated death domain and FADD-like ICE, caspases, receptor-interacting protein, NF-kappaB-inducing kinases, and IkappaBalpha kinases. Both apoptotic and antiapoptotic signals are activated simultaneously by the same cytokine in the same cell. Together these cytokines regulate cell growth/survival/apoptosis in a complex dance of changing partners and overlapping steps.     

c-FLIP在乳腺癌中的表达及其与患者预后的相关性研究

目的探讨c-FLIP在乳腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理特征和患者预后的关系,初步探讨其在乳腺癌发生、发展中的意义。方法应用免疫组化SP法对101例术前没有接受过放射治疗和化学治疗的乳腺癌手术标本及相应的16例癌旁组织进行c-FLIP检测,并结合随访资料对c-FLIP和临床病理学指标、患者预后的关系进行综合分析。结果c-FLIP在乳腺癌组织中表达的阳性率为97%,而在癌旁组织中表达的阳性率为50%,癌组织中的表达水平明显高于癌旁组织（P＜0.01）。c-FLIP在乳腺癌中的表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分期、组织细胞学类型、分化程度、淋巴结转移等无关（P＞0.05）。不同表达水平的c-FLIP组之间在患者术后远处转移方面无明显差异（P＞0.05）,在患者预后方面差异则有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论c-FLIP在乳腺癌组织中有高水平的表达,有可能成为判断乳腺癌患者预后的独立指标。     

NF-kappaB inhibition improves the sensitivity of human glioblastoma cells to 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy

Glioblastoma constitute the most frequent and deadliest brain tumors of astrocytic origin. They are very resistant to all current therapies and are associated with a huge rate of recurrence. In most cases, this type of tumor is characterized by a constitutive activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). This factor is known to be a key regulator of various physiological processes such as inflammation, immune response, cell growth or apoptosis. In the present study, we explored the role of NF-κB activation in the sensitivity of human glioblastoma cells to a treatment by 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). 5-ALA is a physiological compound widely used in PDT as well as in tumor photodetection (PDD). Our results show that inhibition of NF-κB improves glioblastoma cell death in response to 5-ALA-PDT. We then studied the molecular mechanisms underlying the cell death induced by PDT combined or not with NF-κB inhibition. We found that apoptosis was induced by PDT but in an incomplete manner and that, unexpectedly, NF-κB inhibition reduced its level. Oppositely PDT mainly induces necrosis in glioblastoma cells and NF-κB is found to have anti-necrotic functions in this context. The autophagic flux was also enhanced as a result of 5-ALA-PDT and we demonstrate that stimulation of autophagy acts as a pro-survival mechanism confering protection against PDT-mediated necrosis. These data point out that 5-ALA-PDT has an interesting potential as a mean to treat glioblastoma and that inhibition of NF-κB renders glioblastoma cells more sensitive to the treatment.     

c-FLIP和NF-κB p65在乳腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨凋亡相关蛋白c-FLIP和NF-κB p65在人乳腺癌的表达及相关性,分析其与乳腺癌转移复发的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测80例乳腺癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中c-FLIP和NF-κBp65的表达情况。结果:80例乳腺癌组织中c-FLIP及NF-κB p65表达的阳性率显著高于相应的癌旁组织(P<0.05),c-FLIP的表达与TNM分期、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结转移、术后复发及C-erbB-2表达密切相关(P<0.05);NF-κB p65的表达组织学分级、肿瘤大小及腋窝淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。c-FLIP和NF-κB p65的表达有显著正相关性(γ=0.271,P=0.015)。结论:c-FLIP和NF-κB p65的高表达可能在乳腺癌的发生及进展中起着重要作用。     

c-FLIP与凋亡、信号转导途径

c-FLIP是一种凋亡抑制蛋白,能强效抑制Fas(CD95/APO-1)、TRAIL(肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体)-R1/R2(DR4/5)、TNFR1(肿瘤坏死因子受体)等死亡受体(DR)诱导的细胞凋亡,近年来发现其在多种凋亡、信号转导途径中发挥了凋亡抑制的作用.     

凋亡抑制蛋白c-FLIP在带状疱疹患者细胞免疫中作用的研究

目的探讨凋亡抑制蛋白c-FLIP在抗水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)免疫中的作用。方法采用流式细胞术检测30例无恶性肿瘤的带状疱疹患者、17例伴恶性肿瘤的带状疱疹患者和20例正常对照者外周血T细胞和B细胞内c-FLIP蛋白表达阳性率和CD3+T细胞阳性率。结果急性期伴有恶性肿瘤的带状疱疹患者外周血T细胞内c-FLIP表达明显低于无恶性肿瘤和正常对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),无恶性肿瘤组明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);恢复期无恶性肿瘤的带状疱疹患者外周血T细胞内c-FLIP表达明显增加,与急性期相比有明显差异(P<0.01),但恢复期的伴恶性肿瘤和急性期相比无明显差异(P>0.05);外周血B细胞内c-FLIP表达在急性期和恢复期的带状疱疹患者中无明显差异(P>0.05)。CD3+T细胞在带状疱疹患者外周血中的阳性率与c-FLIP有相似的表达趋势,两者呈正相关(r分别为0.806和0.534,P均<0.05)。结论凋亡抑制蛋白c-FLIP在急性期带状疱疹患者外周血T细胞内低表达,恢复期则高表达,且与T细胞数量明显正相关,表明其可能参与带状疱疹患者T细胞的增殖,在带状疱疹发生、发展中发挥一定的作用。