溶胶凝胶法制备纳米二氧化钛

用溶胶凝胶法制备二氧化钛胶体,发现十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和聚乙二醇（PEG）两种表面活性剂可以改变纳米二氧化钛的最终形貌。用X射线、SEM表征分析了两种表面活性剂对TO2晶型、粒径、形貌的影响。     

首明山滴丸制备工艺研究

目的：建立首明山滴丸的制备工艺。方法：以滴丸的混合、沉降、成形、RSD值等为评价指标,探讨了不同基质、冷凝剂、药液温度、滴速、滴距和冷凝液温度对滴丸成型性的影响,采用正交试验法优选了最佳成型工艺。结果：聚乙二醇-6000,药液温度80℃,滴速30～35滴/min,滴距6cm,冷却温度12℃时,首明山滴丸成型质量最好。结论：该工艺适用于滴丸实验室试验和工业化生产。     

熊胆救心滴丸的成型工艺研究

目的：确立熊胆救心滴丸的最佳成型工艺。方法：采用正交实验法，从药物与基质(聚乙二醇6000)的比例、冷凝液(液体石蜡)的温度、药液的温度、滴速等方面进行选择。结果：药物与基质的比例为1：5，冷却温度12～13℃，药液温度为85℃滴速为60滴/min时熊胆救心滴丸质量最好。结论：证明此工艺是可行的，适合产业化大生产。     

Structure activity relations in homologous alkyl polyglycol ethers

Summary Three homologous series of alkyl polyglycol ethers were compared with respect to the following parameters: reduction of surface tension, hemolysis, surface anesthesia, endoanesthesia, and lethality. All events increase with the length of the lipophilic alkyl chain (series I and II), whereas the influence of the hydrophilic polyglycol chain is both smaller and less consistent (series III).According to our results the alkyl chain is more important for biological activity than the polyglycol chain. Series I. While the weight of alkyl chain increases, that of the polyglycol chain remains unchanged. The lipophilia-hydrophilia quotient (2/h quotient) increases, the surface tension decreases, while the efficacy rises from one homologue to the next. Series II. The weight of the alkyl chain and that of the polyglycol chain increase proportionally. The 2/h quotient, therefore, remains constant, the surface tension decreases again, while the efficacy rises in a way similar to that in series I. Series III. The weight of the alkyl chain remains the same, while that of the polyglycol chain rises.The 2/h quotient decreases. The maximum effect on the surface tension is smaller than within the other series and remains practically unchanged with increasing length of the polyglycol chain. The hemolytic activity of all homologues in the same, the surface-anesthetic property is also nearly equal, except for the less effective derivative with fourteen ethylene oxide groups. The threshold doses of endoanesthesia and the mean acute i.v. toxicity (DL₅₀) show first a slight decrease and then an increase; there seems to be a turning-point in activity.     

银杏叶滴丸的制剂工艺研究

目的 建立银杏叶滴丸的最佳成型工艺.方法 采用正交试验法,从基质、冷却剂的种类、提取物与基质的用量配比等方面进行考察.结果 提取物聚乙二醇-600为1:3,滴制温度为70℃,滴速为30滴/min,滴距为8 cm,冷却温度10℃时,银杏叶滴丸质量最好.结论 该工艺适用于滴丸实验室试验和工业化生产.     

New scientific arguments for regulation of ethylene oxide residues in skin-care products

Ethylene oxide (EO) occurs as a contaminant of skin-care products because current commercial preparations of polyglycol ethers may contain ethylene oxide monomer residues, up to the order of 1 ppm. Using current regulatory worst-case assumptions, the presence of EO in skin-care products might lead to a maximal human daily external ethylene oxide dose of about 2.8 μg, and a consecutive maximal daily absorbed dose of 0.39 μg. Two methods of toxicokinetic analysis have been used to compare this possible EO load by use of skin-care products with the inevitable load of EO which is produced endogenously in the organism. On the basis of a previous assessment of the endogenous production of ethylene and ethylene oxide (Filser et al. 1992) it is inferred that the absorbed EO dose of 0.39 μg is about 1/30 of the unavoidable human endogenous load by endogenous EO. Alternatively, for a second calculation molecular dosimetry data have been used which were based on experimental quantification of the hydroxyethyl adduct of EO to the N-terminal valine of hemoglobin (HOEtVal) in rats. If the worst-case assumptions for human EO absorption from skin-care products are transferred to the rat species, the associated internal EO doses are about 1/110 of the internal EO doses which were calculated from the background HOEtVal concentrations observed in untreated animals. The divergence between both lines of calculation is mainly due to differences in HOEtVal background concentrations between man and rat. It is concluded that the additional internal body burden of EO associated with the use of current skin-care products, even under a series of worst-case assumptions, is neglegible compared to the physiological and unavoidable internal EO burden of the organism. Received: 21 February 1994/Accepted: 24 March 1994     

蟾麝救心滴丸的成型工艺研究

目的:研究蟾麝救心滴丸成型的最佳工艺条件.方法:采用正交实验法,,从药物与基质(聚乙二醇6000)的比例、冷凝液(液体石蜡)的温度、药液的温度、滴速等方面进行选择.结果:药物与基质的比例为1:2,冷却温度12～14℃,药液温度为85℃,滴速为50滴/min时蟾麝救心滴丸质量最好.结论:证明此工艺是可行的,适合产业化大生产.     

聚桂醇联合人体组织黏合剂对胃底静脉曲张出血病人门静脉血流动力学及血清应激激素影响

目的 分析聚桂醇联合人体组织黏合剂对胃底静脉曲张出血(EGVB)病人门静脉血流动力学及血清应激激素影响.方法 选取2014年10月至2018年10月于济宁市第一人民医院接受治疗的肝硬化EGVB病人84例,随机数字表法将病人分为对照组碘油-组织黏合剂-碘油法止血,观察组聚桂醇-组织黏合剂-聚桂醇止血;观察两组临床疗效、止血效果、门静脉血流动力学、血清应激激素含量及并发症情况.结果 观察组总有效率为97.62％,高于对照组的80.95％(P<0.05);观察组迟发性再出血16.67％,低于对照组的35.71％(P<0.05);两组病人成功止血及早期再出血差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后观察组脾静脉及门静脉血管内径较治疗前降低,对照组脾脏厚度、脾静脉及门静脉血管内径较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组血清皮质醇(Cor)、胃泌素(GAS)、肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺激素(NE)及血管紧张素Ⅱ(AT-Ⅱ)含量均低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 聚桂醇联合人体组织黏合剂对EGVB病人疗效显著,可减轻病人应激反应程度,改善门静脉血流动力学,且临床应用安全性较高.     

正交试验优选左金滴丸的成型工艺

目的:优选左金滴丸的成型工艺。方法:采用正交试验,以基质种类、药物与基质的比例、药液温度、冷却剂种类为考察因素,以混合状况、成型情况、溶散时间为指标选取基质和冷却剂;以冷却剂温度、滴头的内外径大小、滴距、滴速为考察因素,以丸重差异变异系数为指标选取滴制条件。结果:最佳成型工艺为以聚乙二醇4000为基质,液体石蜡为冷却剂,冷却温度为12℃,滴头的内外径大小为3.5/4.9mm,滴距为10cm,滴速为25滴.min-1。结论:该工艺稳定、重现性好,所得制剂成型好,可为左金滴丸的生产提供参考依据。     

拉西地平滴丸的制剂工艺研究

目的建立拉西地平滴丸的最佳成型工艺。方法以滴丸的沉降速度、成形、变异系数等为评价指标,探讨了不同基质、冷凝剂、药液温度、滴速、滴距和冷凝液温度对滴丸成型性的影响,采用L9(34)正交试验法优选了最佳成型工艺。结果以聚乙二醇-6000与聚乙二醇-4000(1∶1)为基质,主药与基质为1∶10,药液温度80℃,滴速40滴·min-1,滴距8 cm,冷却温度10℃时,拉西地平滴丸成型质量最好。结论该工艺适用于滴丸实验室试验和工业化生产。