Immunoglobulin Y Levels in Egg Yolk From Three Chicken Genotypes

Laying hens are very efficient producers of antibodies and provide an interesting alternative for large-scale production of specific antibodies. These antibodies also have biochemical advantages over mammalian antibodies (e.g. rabbit antibodies) that can be used to improve immunoassays where antibodies are used. The concentration of IgY in egg yolk is an important production parameter. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic variation of IgY levels in egg yolk. We have compared IgY concentrations in egg yolks from two lines, selected for egg production traits at the Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences (Single Comb White Leghorn and Rhode Island Red) and a cross between the two lines (SLU-1392). Single Comb White Leghorns have the highest mean concentration of yolk IgY, 2.21 mg ml^-1 compared to SLU-1392 1.95 mg ml^-1 and Rhode Island Red 1.68 mg ml^-1. The cross thus had an intermediate IgY concentration in relation two the two other lines. There were great differences between individual animals within each line. Our results indicate that it should be possible to increase yolk antibody production by using a high producing chicken line and by genetic selection within the line. We found three individuals with very low yolk IgY concentrations among the Rhode Island Red hens. Newly hatched chickens with limited amounts of IgY from the hen may be more susceptible to infections.     

中重型颅脑创伤患儿细胞免疫状态与急性时相反应蛋白变化的相关性研究

目的 探讨中重型颅脑创伤患儿血浆急性时相反应蛋白变化对其细胞免疫功能的影响。方法 于创伤后第1、3、7和14d抽取外周静脉血,测定26例中重型颅脑创伤患儿血浆C-反应蛋白、铜蓝蛋白、α_1-酸性糖蛋白、α_1-抗胰蛋白酶、补体C_3、C_4、转铁蛋白、纤维连接蛋白以及前白蛋白等项指标;同时应用链霉亲和素-碱性磷酸酶(streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase,SAP)法检测T-淋巴细胞亚群功能。结果 颅脑创伤后,患儿体内T-淋巴细胞(CD_3)总数、T-辅助细胞(CD_4)和 CD_4/CD_8比值下降,T-抑制细胞(CD_8)增高(均P<0.01);而血浆C-应蛋白、铜蓝蛋白、α_1-酸性糖蛋白和α_1-抗胰蛋白酶水平增高,补体C_3、C_4及转铁蛋白、纤维连接蛋白与前白蛋白水平下降(均P<0.01)。直线相关分析显示,CD_4/CD_8比值与血浆C-反应蛋白、铜蓝蛋白、α_1-酸性糖蛋白和α_1-抗胰蛋白酶水平呈负相关(P<0.01);与补体C_3、C_4及转铁蛋白、纤维连接蛋白与前白蛋白水平呈正相关(P相似文献   

Urinary macromolecules are promoters of calcium oxalate nucleation in human urine: Turbidimetric studies

Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced in the filtered, ultrafiltered (10 kDa) and retentate fractions of 24-h urine specimens obtained from 15 male controls and 10 male stone formers, by administration of an aqueous sodium oxalate challenge to each test solution. Crystallization rates were followed by monitoring of the increase in turbidity in these fractions as a function of time. A laboratory nephelometer, previously calibrated against a Coulter counter, was used for this purpose. In addition, to facilitate interpretation of turbidity data, a Malvern particle size analyzer was used to determine crystal sizes and numbers in control urines. Crystallization rates, crystal numbers and crystal sizes were generally lower in ultrafiltered fractions than in filtered or retentate fractions, indicating that urinary macromolecules are promoters of calcium oxalate nucleation. Data for stone formers suggest that the urinary macromolecules in this group may be more potent nucleation promoters than those in controls.     

A comparison of IgM rheumatoid nephelometry and latex methods: Clinical and laboratory significance

Objectives. To study the comparative performance characteristics of nephelometric and IgM latex rheumatoid factor [RF] with regard to diagnosis, to determine the level of test result that most accurately classifies patients as having rheumatoid arthritis [RA] versus noninflammatory rheumatic disorders, to develop mathematic and graphic conversion tools, and to determine the usefulness of serial nephelometric RF factors test in assessing change in clinical status. Methods. Sera and clinical measurements were obtained from 576 rheumatic disease patients during routine clinic visits and were analyzed by latex and nephelometric methods. Results. Nephelometric and latex methods were highly correlated (0.872) and generally equivalent in their ability to discriminate between RA and noninflammatory conditions. Serial measures of RF were correlated with changes in clinical activity, but were much less effective in this respect than erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein. Conclusion. Both tests yield equivalent results. Mathematic and graphic models will allow conversion between tests so that clinicians can use either or both methods effectively. RF is modestly correlated with changes in clinical activity and therefore is not a useful measure to follow clinical improvement or worsening.     

血清κ/λ轻链比值测定对多发性骨髓瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨免疫速率散射比浊法测定血清κ/λ比值及其在多发性骨髓瘤中的临床价值。方法以多发性骨髓瘤患者25例、良性M蛋白病患者28例及健康人120例为研究对象,采用Immage特定蛋白仪测定血清κ/λ比值,并分析三组检测结果的差异。结果以κ/λ>2.4为阳性判断标准,有0.8%正常人为阳性,κ、λ型良性M蛋白病组阳性检出率分别为23.1%和26.7%,κ、λ型多发性骨髓瘤组阳性检出率分别为92.3%和100.0%。结论应用免疫速率散射比浊法采用Immage特定蛋白仪测定κ、λ轻链的灵敏度和稳定性均较高,κ/λ比值预测多发性骨髓瘤具有较高的准确性。     

心房颤动患者血浆高敏C反应蛋白水平的临床分析

目的检测心房颤动(简称房颤)患者血浆高敏C反应蛋白(简称hs-CRP)水平,进一步探讨炎症在房颤发生和维持中的作用,为房颤的药物治疗寻找新的可靠的靶点。方法临床诊断房颤的118例患者为研究对象,根据临床资料和心电图及动态心电图结果,分为阵发性房颤53例、持续性房颤65例。同时取经保健科体检为健康人的35例作为对照组;抽取外周血,用美国德灵BN-100全自动特定蛋白分析仪通过免疫散射比浊法测定hs-CRP水平。全部数据采用SPSS 19.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果 (1)房颤组hs-CRP的水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),持续性房颤组与阵发性房颤组hs-CRP的水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);持续性房颤组hs-CRP的水平高于阵发性房颤组(P<0.05);(2)hs-CRP的水平与左心房直径(LADs)有正相关关系(r=0.425,P<0.05)。结论房颤患者hs-CRP的水平均明显高,且与房颤的持续状态有关,提示炎症反应在房颤的发生、发展中起重要作用,抗感染治疗有可能成为药物治疗的新靶点。     

免疫比浊法和ELISA法测定类风湿因子的比较

目的探讨不同方法测定类风湿因子(RF)的临床应用价值。方法采用免疫速率散射比浊法和ELISA法检测类风湿关节炎患者38例,非类风湿关节炎患者73例及健康体检者20例的血清类风湿因子。结果免疫比浊法检测类风湿关节炎患者、非类风湿关节炎患者的RF阳性率分别为50%、21.9%,20例健康者无阳性结果,此法的诊断效率为73.3%;ELISA法类检测RF阳性率分别为76.3%、41.1%和5%,其诊断效率为69.5%。结论ELISA法检测类风湿因子的敏感性较免疫比浊法高,但特异性相对较低,诊断效率略低于免疫比浊法。     

Pathways of cholesterol crystallization in model bile and native bile

Hypersecretion of hepatic cholesterol, chronic supersaturation of bile with cholesterol and rapid precipitation of cholesterol crystals in the gallbladder from cholesterol-enriched vesicles represent the primum movens in cholesterol gallstone formation. Physical-chemical factors and pathways leading to cholesterol crystallization can be investigated in artificial model biles and ex vivo in fresh human bile. Depending on modulatory factors (i.e., lipid concentration, bile salt or phospholipid species, humidity, mucins, etc.), cholesterol can precipitate in several forms (i.e., monohydrate, anhydrous) and habits (i.e., plate-like, needle-like, intermediate arcs, filaments, tubules, spirals). Careful analysis of biliary cholesterol crystals includes biochemical analysis of precipitated crystals, polarizing quantitative light microscopy, and turbidimetric methods. In this paper, recent concepts on cholesterol crystallization in artificial model biles as well as in human bile will be reviewed.     

胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C与缺血性卒中的相关性研究

目的探讨血清胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(胱抑素C)变化与急性缺血性卒中的关系。方法共纳入115例急性缺血性卒中患者,记录危险因素并检测血清胱抑素C变化。结果急性缺血性卒中患者血清胱抑素C水平[(1.15±0.34)mg/L]高于对照者[(0.99±0.25)mg/L],经校正年龄和心血管危险因素后差异具有统计学意义(t=3.889,P=0.000)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、血清胱抑素C和同型半胱氨酸、2型糖尿病(糖化血红蛋白和果糖胺)、吸烟、饮酒、高血压及颈动脉内中膜厚度为缺血性卒中危险因素,其中以血清胱抑素C的影响最为显著(P=0.000),但经协方差分析调整危险因素后与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.875)。结论缺血性卒中患者急性期血清胱抑素C水平升高为其危险因素之一,可以作为急性期预测指标之一,但并非独立危险因素。