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《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2023,165(1):301-326
ObjectiveThe use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in lung transplantation has been steadily increasing over the prior decade, with evolving strategies for incorporating support in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. There is significant practice variability in the use of these techniques, however, and relatively limited data to help establish institutional protocols. The objective of the AATS Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) expert panel was to review the existing literature and establish recommendations about the use of MCS before, during, and after lung transplantation.MethodsThe AATS CPSC assembled an expert panel of 16 lung transplantation physicians who developed a consensus document of recommendations. The panel was broken into subgroups focused on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative support, and each subgroup performed a focused literature review. These subgroups formulated recommendation statements for each subtopic, which were evaluated by the entire group. The statements were then developed via discussion among the panel and refined until consensus was achieved on each statement.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus on 36 recommendations for how and when to use MCS in lung transplantation. These recommendations included the use of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridging strategy in the preoperative setting, a preference for central veno-arterial ECMO over traditional cardiopulmonary bypass during the transplantation procedure, and the benefit of supporting selected patients with MCS postoperatively.ConclusionsAchieving optimal results in lung transplantation requires the use of a wide range of strategies. MCS provides an important mechanism for helping these critically ill patients through the peritransplantation period. Despite the complex nature of the decision making process in the treatment of these patients, the expert panel was able to achieve consensus on 36 recommendations. These recommendations should provide guidance for professionals involved in the care of end-stage lung disease patients considered for transplantation. 相似文献
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《Enfermería clínica》2022,32(3):171-183
IntroductionAgeing is a period of physical and psychological changes. Inactivity is one of the biggest problems among the older adult population increasing the risk of sarcopenia and chronic diseases. Physical activity is an effective intervention to improve health outcomes. In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of technology, with health technology tools (ICT) appearing as an intervention to increase physical activity and improve associated health problems.ObjectiveIn this review, we evaluated the effectiveness of health technology to increase physical activity and to improve cardiovascular parameters in older adults.MethodologyStudies with a great variety of health technology tools to increase physical activity levels, and that evaluated the effect of that increase on cardiovascular parameters were included by searching the main databases.ResultsEleven studies reporting the use of a variety of ICT tools were included in this review. Despite these differences, the effectiveness of health technology tool interventions has been demonstrated in increasing physical activity and reducing cardiovascular parameters.DiscussionThe lack of adherence of older adults to health technology would be a disadvantage, but it has been shown that younger older adults are more familiar with health technology tools and the number using them is increasing.ConclusionHealth technology tools show effectiveness in increasing physical activity in older adults and improving cardiovascular parameters. 相似文献
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背景 人口老龄化趋势下,罹患多种慢性病的失能或半失能老年人对居家医疗护理服务需求迫切,但基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务存在较大的医疗风险和安全隐患,加强居家医疗护理服务的安全管理,有利于提高基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿。 目的 调查基层医疗卫生机构对居家护理服务的安全支持情况和医务人员的服务意愿,为进一步推动居家医疗护理服务发展提供参考依据。 方法 2021年8—10月,采用便利抽样法在四川省五大经济区抽取49所基层医疗卫生机构的1 131例医务人员。自行设计调查问卷,以"问卷星"电子问卷的形式收集资料。问卷内容包括医务人员的一般情况(8个条目)、提供居家医疗护理服务的经历(2个条目)、医疗机构对医务人员的安全支持(7个条目)、医务人员的居家医疗护理服务意愿(1个条目)。比较不同特征医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿,采用二元Logistic回归分析医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务意愿的影响因素。 结果 1 131例基层医务人员中,692例(61.18%)报告有过居家医疗护理服务的经历,193例(17.06%)报告在服务过程中发生过不良事件/安全事件,531例(46.95%)报告其所在医疗机构未评估过患者接受居家医疗护理服务的安全风险,199例(17.60%)表示所在机构评估了医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的安全风险,299例(26.44%)在居家医疗护理服务过程中使用APP定位系统,273例(24.14%)由机构配备报警、延迟预警等设备,807例(71.35%)表示居家医疗护理服务过程中没有获得所在机构内其他医务人员的支持措施,303例(26.79%)表示机构曾组织居家医疗护理服务的专项研讨活动,352例(31.12%)表示接受过有关居家医疗护理服务专项培训,853例(75.42%)表示愿意提供居家医疗护理服务。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,就职的基层医疗卫生机构类型,目前受聘的专业技术职称,医疗机构是否评估过患者接受居家医疗护理服务的安全风险,在居家医疗护理服务过程中是否配备报警、延迟预警等设备,是否参加过有关居家医疗护理服务的专项培训,对医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务意愿有影响(P<0.05)。 结论 现阶段居家医疗护理服务的安全支持不足,多种因素影响基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿。基层医疗卫生机构应加强对患者接受居家医疗护理服务安全风险的评估,为提供居家医疗护理服务的医务人员配备报警、延迟预警等设备,积极举办居家医疗护理服务相关的专项培训并鼓励医务人员参加,以降低医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的风险,保障其人身安全。 相似文献
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《Value in health》2022,25(9):1480-1488
ObjectivesInvolvement of patients and medical professionals in assessment of relative effectiveness (relative effectiveness assessment) contributes to an efficient and effective health technology assessment (HTA) process and supports acceptance and implementation of the outcome. This study aimed to analyze stakeholder involvement in assessing relative effectiveness and how the parties involved value this collaboration.MethodsThis is a document analysis of all drug assessments completed in 2019 (20) by the public HTA agency of The Netherlands, enriched with semistructured interviews with employees of the HTA agency (18) and representatives of patient (5) and medical (11) associations involved in these assessments. Data were analyzed, coded, and categorized.ResultsIn almost half of the assessments, there was no coordination with the medical associations at the start of the relative effectiveness assessment and no patient associations involved in this phase. During the assessment procedure, patient and medical associations were always asked to comment on the draft report. Nevertheless, the strict 5-day deadline that the HTA agency uses as a response period often hampered a proper response and involvement. According to interviewees of the HTA agency, this leads to a great diversity in the substantive quality of their input. Patient and medical associations indicated that the HTA agency relies too much on “paper knowledge,” which leads to a (perceived) lack of alignment with clinical practice.ConclusionsThe limited involvement results in a lack of coordination and mutual trust. Optimizing involvement of patients and medical professionals in HTA practice requires effort from all parties involved. Procedural adjustments and better coordination, especially at the start of the assessment, would probably improve cooperation. 相似文献
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