Brilliance型16排螺旋CT的故障分析与维修

针对日常使用中遇到的Brilliance 16排螺旋CT高压系统、机架以及控制器局域网络(CAN)通讯等故障现象进行分析与维修,最终通过更换滤波电容、机架数据采集控制器(DMC)电源以及信号刷等配件得以排除故障。通过对故障准确判断以及合理运用厂家Service模式下的维修工具软件快速解决故障,保障了影像科检查工作的顺利进行,从而提高设备的稳定性。     

癌症生存者家庭适应相关测量工具的研究进展

介绍家庭适应的相关概念及起源,阐述家庭适应方面常用测量工具的发展历程、内容结构、适用人群、评分方法、信度与效度、应用现状等情况,以期能够指导临床工作者在实践过程中选择合适的家庭适应测量工具,旨在帮助研究者进一步开发适用于我国癌症生存者的特异性家庭适应测量工具。     

淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置的设计及应用

目的 探讨自行设计的淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置在测量淋巴水肿患者肢体肿胀程度方面的应用效果。 方法 选择2018年7月至2018年12月在我院淋巴水肿专病门诊就诊的患者70例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(n=35)和对照组(n=35),观察组采用淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置评估患者治疗前后患侧肢体的肿胀程度,对照组采用传统的软尺测量+不可擦记号笔做标记的方法测量患者治疗前后患侧肢体的周径变化情况。 结果 满意度评价中观察组的满意率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),护士操作难易度比较中,观察组护士认为操作简单的频率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)。 结论 自行设计的淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置可以提高患者的满意度,方便护士操作,值得临床推广。     

Calm1基因敲除小鼠脑蛋白质组学特点及临床意义

目的探究钙调蛋白Calm1基因表达改变对小鼠脑组织蛋白表达谱的影响,挖掘与Calm1有密切靶向关系的功能蛋白及信号通路,并分析Calm1在神经系统疾病中的临床意义。方法PCR产物法初步鉴定小鼠基因型。提取野生型(WT,A组)、Calm1敲除杂合型(HE,B组)、Calm1敲除纯和型(HO,C组)小鼠脑组织的总蛋白,利用TMT标记蛋白质定量技术筛选出差异蛋白质(DEPs),再利用生物信息学技术对DEPs进行注释、富集和分析。结果C-A组脑组织中共鉴别出54个DEPs,其中23个上调,31个下调;C-B组鉴别出35个DEPs,其中19个上调,16个下调。GO分析显示,C-A组及其上调和下调的DEPs分别显著富集到多巴胺生物合成过程、蛋白质折叠和三羧酸代谢过程等条目。C-B组及其上调和下调的DEPs分别显著富集到线粒体内膜、突触结构组成、ATP代谢过程等条目。KEGG分析显示,C-A组及其上调和下调的DEPs分别显著富集到多巴胺能突触、坏死性凋亡、柠檬酸(TCA)循环等通路。C-B组及其上调和下调的DEPs分别显著富到神经退行性变途径-多种疾病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、帕金森病等通路。STRING分析发现C-A组DEPs“Hsp90ab1”、C-B组DEPs“Cox4i1”关联度最高。结论Calm1敲除后显著改变脑组织中蛋白质表达特征并影响多条与神经退行性疾病关系密切的信号通路,这表明钙调蛋白异常表达在神经系统疾病的发病中起到重要作用。     

Ovine Iliac Vein Model for Endovascular Thrombectomy of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis

An ovine iliac vein thrombosis model was devised to test a wall-contacting rotational thrombectomy device. Thrombosis was successfully induced in 9 sheep with an average clot length of 31 mm ± 12 and >60% vessel occlusion on angiography. The thrombus was subsequently removed, maintaining normal intraoperative pulmonary arterial pressure (5.9 mm Hg ± 3.6) and complete distal reperfusion after thrombectomy. Additionally, the sheep were without signs of vascular trauma or embolic complications on gross necropsy and histopathologic analysis. The findings from this study support the use of an ovine iliac deep vein thrombosis model for testing of a lower extremity thrombectomy device.     

Comparison of quantitative susceptibility mapping methods on evaluating radiation-induced cerebral microbleeds and basal ganglia at 3T and 7T

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has the potential for being a biomarker for various diseases because of its ability to measure tissue susceptibility related to iron deposition, myelin, and hemorrhage from the phase signal of a T₂*-weighted MRI. Despite its promise as a quantitative marker, QSM is faced with many challenges, including its dependence on preprocessing of the raw phase data, the relatively weak tissue signal, and the inherently ill posed relationship between the magnetic dipole and measured phase. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of background field removal and dipole inversion algorithms on noise characteristics, image uniformity, and structural contrast for cerebral microbleed (CMB) quantification at both 3T and 7T. We selected four widely used background phase removal and five dipole field inversion algorithms for QSM and applied them to volunteers and patients with CMBs, who were scanned at two different field strengths, with ground truth QSM reference calculated using multiple orientation scans. 7T MRI provided QSM images with lower noise than did 3T MRI. QSIP and VSHARP + iLSQR achieved the highest white matter homogeneity and vein contrast, with QSIP also providing the highest CMB contrast. Compared with ground truth COSMOS QSM images, overall good correlations between susceptibility values of dipole inversion algorithms and the COSMOS reference were observed in basal ganglia regions, with VSHARP + iLSQR achieving the susceptibility values most similar to COSMOS across all regions. This study can provide guidance for selecting the most appropriate QSM processing pipeline based on the application of interest and scanner field strength.     

Long-term Outcomes of Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa on Bone

Purpose

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a chronic and life-threatening eating disorder that can have a considerable negative impact on the growing skeleton. We hypothesized that the long-term impact on bone health may persist even after normalization of body weight.

程序性死亡受体1和程序性死亡受体配体1在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达情况及临床意义

目的探讨程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)和程序性死亡受体配体1(PD-L1)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达情况及临床意义。方法选择150例NSCLC患者的NSCLC组织及其癌旁组织,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测两种组织中PD-1 mRNA和PD-L1 mRNA的相对表达量。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测NSCLC组织中PD-1和PD-L1的表达情况,分析PD-1和PD-L1表达情况与患者临床特征的关系。采用流式细胞术检测NSCLC组织和癌旁组织中CD4^+-PD-1、CD8^+-PD-1、CD14^+-PD-L1、CD68^+-PD-L1的表达水平。结果NSCLC组织中PD-1 mRNA和PD-L1 mRNA的相对表达量分别为(5.03±1.92)和(4.95±1.09),分别高于癌旁组织的(1.72±0.81)和(1.25±0.24),差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。TNM分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、低分化、有淋巴结转移、有远处转移的NSCLC患者NSCLC组织中PD-1和PD-L1的高表达率均明显高于TNM分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、高+中分化、无淋巴结转移、无远处转移的患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。NSCLC组织中CD4^+-PD-1、CD8^+-PD-1、CD14^+-PD-L1、CD68^+-PD-L1的表达水平均明显高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论PD-1和PD-L1在NSCLC组织中高表达,可能成为一种新的生物标志物,PD-1/PD-L1信号通路可能参与了NSCLC的免疫逃逸过程,对其逃逸机制进行研究可以为NSCLC患者的临床治疗提供新靶点。