Impact of Planned Delivery on the Perinatal Outcome of Term Fetuses with Isolated Heart Defects

ObjectivePregnancies complicated by fetal heart defects often undergo a planned delivery prior to term by either induction of labour or cesarean delivery to ensure optimal availability of neonatal care. We aimed to assess whether such planned deliveries achieve their goal of better perinatal care.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case-control study of pregnancies complicated by isolated fetal cardiac defects, without other fetal comorbidities, managed at a single fetal medicine unit over a 10-year period. Only pregnancies delivered past 37 weeks gestation were included. Patients undergoing elective delivery for care planning reasons only were compared with patients in whom planned delivery was clinically indicated and patients who laboured spontaneously. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were recorded.ResultsOf the 180 pregnancies included in the study, 59 (32.8%) were in the elective group, 49 (27.2%), in the indicated group, and 72 (40%), in the spontaneous group. Mean gestational age at delivery was 39.0 ± 1.1 weeks overall and did not differ between the groups. For the elective group, only 35.6% of deliveries occurred during office hours, which was similar to the 2 other groups. The rate of adverse obstetric or postnatal outcomes was not statistically significantly different between groups.ConclusionTimed delivery at term does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of poor perinatal outcomes. It may improve perinatal care by providing proximity to a neonatal intensive care unit and convenience for patients and providers.     

血清miR-210与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征严重程度和预后的关系

目的 探讨血清微小RNA-210（mircoRNA-210，miR-210）与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（neonatalrespiratory distress syndrome，NRDS）严重程度和预后的关系。 方法 收集NRDS患儿104例，根据预后分为生存组与死亡组。所有新生儿根据首次胸部X线片结果与病情严重程度分为轻度组（Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级）与重度组（Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级）。比较死亡组与生存组患儿一般资料，轻度组与重度组血清miR-210水平与新生儿急性生理学评分围生期补充Ⅱ（perinatal supplement of acute physiological score for neonates Ⅱ，SNAPPE-Ⅱ）评分。绘制ROC曲线分析血清miR-210水平对NRDS患儿死亡的预测价值。采用Spearman相关性分析NRDS发生与血清miR-210的相关性。 结果 根据预后分组，104例患儿中预后较好81例（77.88%），死亡23例（22.12%）。生存组miR-210水平、SNAPPE-Ⅱ评分低于死亡组（P＜0.05）；2组性别、胎龄、出生体重、母亲年龄、病因、剖宫产、双胎、羊水异常差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。按照胸部X线片表现分组，104例患儿轻度患儿73例，重度患儿31例。轻度组miR-210水平、SNAPPE-Ⅱ评分低于重度组（P＜0.05）。NRDS发生与血清miR-210水平呈正相关（r=0.638，P＜0.001）。血清miR-210与SNAPPE-Ⅱ评分呈正相关（r=0.513，P＜0.05）。血清miR-210的最佳分界值为16.71 ng/L时，曲线下面积为0.763，OR=0.846，95%CI：0.892~1.064，敏感度为82.61%，特异度为86.42%。结论 血清miR-210水平升高与NRDS病情严重程度以及预后密切相关，血清miR-210水平与NRDS病情程度呈正相关性，当血清miR-210临界值为16.71 ng/L时对评估NRDS患儿预后具有较高价值。     

Issues in cardiopulmonary transition at birth

The transition from fetal to newborn life involves a complex series of physiological events that commences with lung aeration, which is thought to involve 3 mechanisms. Two mechanisms occur during labour, Na⁺ reabsorption and fetal postural changes, and one occurs after birth due to pressure gradients generated by inspiration. However, only one of these mechanisms, fetal postural changes, involves the loss of liquid from the respiratory system. Both other mechanisms involve liquid being reabsorbed from the airways into lung tissue. While this stimulates an increase in pulmonary blood flow (PBF), in large quantities this liquid can adversely affect postnatal respiratory function. The increase in PBF (i) facilitates the onset of pulmonary gas exchange and (ii) allows pulmonary venous return to take over the role of providing preload for the left ventricle, a role played by umbilical venous return during fetal life. Thus, aerating the lung and increasing PBF before umbilical cord clamping (known as physiological based cord clamping), can avoid the loss of preload and reduction in cardiac output that normally accompanies immediate cord clamping.     

力量支持协同护理模式在经口喂养不耐受<34孕周新生儿中的应用

目的:探讨力量支持协同护理模式在经口喂养不耐受<34孕周新生儿中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月—2020年8月收治的102例<34孕周经口喂养不耐受新生儿作为研究对象,将2019年1月—2019年10月接受常规护理的51例患儿作为对照组,将2019年11月—2020年8月接受力量支持协同护理模式的51例患儿作为观察组。比较两组经口喂养进程(留置胃管时间、过渡时间、住院时间)、喂养效率及患儿行为状态变化。结果:观察组患儿留置胃管时间、过渡时间、住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿干预第3天、实现全口喂养时吸吮效率和喂养效率均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿干预3 d、干预5 d后行为状态优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:力量支持协同护理模式能有效改善早产儿经口喂养表现,减轻经口喂养不耐受症状,进一步推进经口喂养进程,缩短经口喂养过渡时间。     

Early Postpartum Maternal and Newborn Responses to Auditory,Tactile, Visual,Vestibular, and Olfactory Stimuli

ObjectiveTo compare maternal psychological well-being, newborn behavior, and maternal and newborn salivary oxytocin (OT) and cortisol before and after two maternally administered multisensory behavioral interventions or an attention control group.DesignRandomized prospective clinical trial.SettingU.S. Midwest community hospital.ParticipantsNewborns and their mothers (n = 102 dyads) participated. Mothers gave birth vaginally at term gestation and had no physical or mental health diagnoses. Newborns with low Apgar scores, receipt of oxygen, suspected infection, or congenital anomalies were excluded.MethodsDyads were randomly assigned to the auditory, tactile, visual, and vestibular (ATVV) intervention, the ATVV with odor from a baby lotion (ATVVO), or the attention control (AC) Group. Maternal psychological well-being, newborn behavior, and endocrine responses (salivary cortisol and OT) were measured before and after the intervention.ResultsNewborns in the ATVV and ATVVO groups exhibited increases in potent engagement behaviors (p < .0001 and p = .001, respectively). Newborns in the AC group exhibited a decrease in potent engagement (p = .013) and an increase in potent disengagement (p = .029). Mothers in the ATVVO group exhibited an increase in OT (p = .01) and the largest change in OT (p = .02) compared to mothers in the ATVV and AC groups. We noted no change in maternal psychological well-being or newborn endocrine responses.ConclusionInclusion of an odor via lotion with a behavioral intervention (ATVV) influenced maternal OT more than the behavioral intervention alone. Newborns were behaviorally responsive to the interventions; however, endocrine measures were not associated with intervention changes.     

呋塞米注射液在新生儿湿肺中的应用

目的观察呋塞米注射液在新生儿湿肺中的疗效。方法选取2018年1月—2019年12月医院新生儿科收治的新生儿湿肺70例,随机分为试验组35例和对照组35例,二组性别、胎龄、出生体质量、生产方式的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组在对照组常规治疗的同时加用静注呋塞米注射液0.5 mg/(kg·d),疗程3 d,比较两组平均住院时间、停氧时间、48小时内症状缓解例数。结果平均住院时间:试验组(5.00±1.31)d,对照组(6.06±1.75)d;总用氧时间:试验组(49.04±18.23)h,对照组(63.80±24.11)h;48 h内呼吸症状改善者:试验组24例(68.57%),对照组15例(42.86%),二组比较在平均住院时间、总用氧时间及48小时内症状缓解例数,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呋塞米注射液治疗新生儿湿肺在平均住院时间、总用氧时间和48小时内呼吸症状缓解优于对照组,有一定的疗效。