高校科技期刊的业务流程再造实践——以《中国有色金属学报》为例

【目的】 在媒体融合的背景下,探索高校科技期刊获得良性、可持续发展的业务流程再造方案。【方法】 通过问卷调查法和深度访谈法,对《中国有色金属学报》学术用户的实际需求进行诊断分析,并依据《中国有色金属学报》一年内的业务流程再造实践,总结和设计普适性较强的高校科技期刊业务流程再造方案。【结果】 《中国有色金属学报》在学术用户群体服务与管理、学术资源挖掘和利用、缩短出版周期和媒体融合等方面进行业务流程再造并取得了显著成效。【结论】 高校科技期刊要想谋求新的发展和突破,必须基于用户日益增长的学术需求进行业务拓展,同时基于技术和机制,与时俱进地进行业务流程再造。     

The Effect of Corneal Higher Order Aberrations on Postoperative Residual Astigmatism after Toric IOL Implantation

Background: To demonstrate the effect of preoperative higher order aberrations (HOAs) on postoperative residual astigmatism in toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Methods: A retrospective, controlled, comparative study that involved patients who underwent toric IOL implantation. Patients were divided into two groups according to the difference between the estimated residual astigmatism and actual postoperative astigmatism [difference ≤0.5 diopters (D), Group A; difference >0.5 D, Group B]. Corneal astigmatisms with axis, and various aberration values were compared between the two groups.

Results: Total RMS and HOA RMS values in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A (p < .001, = 0.003). The vertical coma value, and its absolute value, in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A (p < .001, = 0.002). The total RMS and absolute value of the vertical coma showed a positive linear correlation with the degree of residual postoperative astigmatism (R-square = 0.139, 0.131; p = .027, 0.036).

Conclusions: If the residual astigmatism after insertion of the toric IOL was greater than expected, corneal aberrations, shown by total RMS and HOA RMS values before surgery, especially of the vertical coma, tended to be high.     

Transforming vaccine development

The urgency to develop vaccines against Covid-19 is putting pressure on the long and expensive development timelines that are normally required for development of lifesaving vaccines. There is a unique opportunity to take advantage of new technologies, the smart and flexible design of clinical trials, and evolving regulatory science to speed up vaccine development against Covid-19 and transform vaccine development altogether.     

A Hodge Decomposition Method for Dynamic Ginzburg–Landau Equations in Nonsmooth Domains — A Second Approach

In a general polygonal domain, possibly nonconvex and multi-connected (with holes), the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equation is reformulated into a new system of equations. The magnetic field $B$:=∇×A is introduced as an unknown solution in the new system, while the magnetic potential A is solved implicitly through its Hodge decomposition into divergence-free part, curl-free and harmonic parts, separately. Global well-posedness of the new system and its equivalence to the original problem are proved. A linearized and decoupled Galerkin finite element method is proposed for solving the new system. The convergence of numerical solutions is proved based on a compactness argument by utilizing the maximal $L^p$-regularity of the discretized equations. Compared with the Hodge decomposition method proposed in [27]_,the new method has the advantage of approximating the magnetic field B directly and converging for initial conditions that are incompatible with the external magnetic field. Several numerical examples are provided to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed numerical method in both simply connected and multi-connected nonsmooth domains. We observe that even in simply connected domains, the new method is superior to the method in [27] for approximating the magnetic field.     

王国华主任医师治疗凌晨早醒型失眠

在中西医结合理论的指导下,论证运用病证结合方法防治肺心脑共病的独特优势。肺心脑共病是老年患病人群的常见特点。这一疾病有着共同的致病机制,严重影响老年人的生活质量,而临床常见的导致老年人肺心脑共病的原因有很多,症状也不相类似。通过分析肺朝百脉、心主血脉与脑供血的关系,论述了肺、心、脑同治以治疗失眠的可行性,并结合临床多年经验,总结其治疗的经验方法,经过肺心脑同治的中药治疗之后,患者临床症状得到改善。     

Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery after Preoperative CT-Guided Lipiodol Marking of Small or Impalpable Pulmonary Nodules

Purpose: Small pulmonary lesions that include ground-glass attenuation have been increasingly discovered because of progressive imaging diagnostic technologies. Despite the detection of such small lesions, sometimes it is quite difficult to localize them because of their size or considerable depth from the visceral pleura. In the present study, we examined the usefulness of computed tomography-guided lipiodol marking for thoracoscopic resection of impalpable pulmonary nodules.Methods: Fifty-six patients with an undiagnosed peripheral lesion(s) of the lung who had undergone preoperative computed tomography-guided lipiodol marking followed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery were studied.Results: All of the nodules were successfully marked by computed tomography-guided lipiodol marking, and all except for one case were localized by means of intraoperative fluoroscopy as clear spots. With regard to complications, pneumothorax occurred in 21 patients (37.5%), and only one patient required transient drainage. Although hemorrhaging in the lung parenchyma and hemosputum occurred in nine patients (16.1%) and one patient (1.8%), respectively, no patients were in serious condition. No intra- or postoperative mortality or morbidity was observed.Conclusion: Preoperative computed tomography-guided lipiodol marking of small or impalpable pulmonary nodules is a safe and useful procedure for thoracoscopic resection of the lung.     

旋转地质导向技术在钻探哈得油田薄砂层油藏中的应用

塔里木哈得油田多采用双台阶水平井钻井,主要难题为常规钻井技术井眼轨迹控制难,储层钻遇率低,钻井周期长。1m厚薄砂层油藏未能实现有效开发,东河砂岩水窜严重,油水分布混乱,影响后期开发效果。针对以上难题,在哈得油田钻井中引进旋转地质导向技术,与常规技术相比应用效果良好,平均储层钻遇率由55.43%提高至87.84%,平均单井日产量提高1倍,单井水平段节约钻井工期15d,成功地解决了薄油层钻井储层钻遇率低、钻井施工进度慢等难题。