大剂量激素治疗过敏性紫癜34例

目的　探讨大剂量激素对过敏性紫癜的疗效。方法　对 3 4例过敏性紫瘢患者 ,均给予大剂量激素序贯治疗 ,并随访观察 1～ 3年。结果　 3 4例均治愈 ,1例未遵嘱服用激素者短时复发后再次治愈 ,余 3 3例均无复发。结论　大剂量激素治疗过敏性紫癜疗效较好     

高效液相梯度洗脱法测定血清中氢化可的松和可的松的含量

目的　测定血清中氢化可的松和可的松的比值以反映人体肝脏 1 1 β -羟类固醇脱氢酶的活性 ,为其研究提供一个有效的分析手段。方法　HPLC -UV法 ,梯度洗脱 ,内标定量。结果　血清中氢化可的松在 50～ 2 0 0μg·L-1 、可的松在 1 0～ 50 μg·L-1 范围内其线性回归方程分别为Y =- 0 .42 5 +0 .0 1 0X、Y =- 0 .1 63 +0 .0 50X ,相对回收率分别为 (1 0 2 .5± 3 .6) %、(97.6± 6 .0 ) %。 82名健康志愿者血中氢化可的松和可的松的浓度分别为 (1 32 .2± 44 .5) μg·L-1 和 (1 9.7± 5 .0 ) μg·L-1 ,其比值为 6 .89± 2 .2 6。结论　本法操作简便、灵敏可靠 ,符合人体血样糖皮质激素测定的要求     

Stage of palate closure as one indication of “liability” to cleft palate

A new inbred mouse strain, SW/Fr, developed from a random-bred SW stock has a 6% incidence of spontaneous cleft palate without cleft lip. SW/Fr mice close their palates comparatively late in development. After cortisone treatment, the mean of the distribution (mean time to reach palate stage 5) is shifted towards later gestational ages. There is no change in the variance of the distribution. These data lend further support to the hypothesis that cleft palate in mice may fit a model where a continuous distribution is separated into discontinuous parts by a developmental threshold, and that time of palate closure is an important component of liability to cleft palate.     

Determination of cortisol and cortisone in urine using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection

The application of reversed-phase gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection to the determination of cortisol and cortisone in 24-h urine samples is described. The method employs Sep-pak C18 cartridges for the part-purification and concentration of the corticosteroids, with sample enrichment at the head of an HPLC pre-column and separation using water/acetonitrile gradient. The internal standard is 6alpha-methylprednisolone. Measurement of both cortisone and cortisol provides further information on adrenocortical function. 24-hour excretion rate data from normal subjects are reported.     

血管加压素对酒精戒断大鼠下丘脑-腺垂体-肾上腺皮质功能的影响

目的:观察在长期低浓度酒精处理及酒精戒断过程中,大鼠血浆中血管加压素(AVP)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质醇含量的变化以及下丘脑中AVP、促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)含量的变化,进而探讨酒精对机体应激水平的影响以及AVP在酒精依赖过程中的作用。方法:以6%(V/V)的酒精作为大鼠饮水的唯一来源,分别饮酒1、3、7、14、21、28d,以及饮酒28d后撤除酒精2h,取不同处理大鼠的血浆和下丘脑标本,采用放射性免疫测定法分别测定CRF、AVP、ACTH和皮质醇水平;气相色谱法测定大鼠在饮酒过程中不同时段血中酒精浓度。结果:大鼠饮酒3d后,血浆中的AVP和皮质醇水平显著增高,并持续至饮酒结束,而血浆ACTH水平无明显变化。使用AVP受体拮抗剂后,血液中ACTH和皮质醇含量显著下降。动物血中酒精浓度在摄入酒精的不同时段无明显差异。结论:长时程的低浓度酒精刺激使机体应激水平升高,同时下丘脑-腺垂体-肾上腺皮质轴功能紊乱,这可能是动物产生酒精依赖的重要原因之一。     

用正交试验设计法选择HPLC检测尿氢化可的松和可的松水平的试验条件

目的：探索利用正交试验设计法选择高效液相色谱法（IIPLC）检测尿氢化可的松和可的松水平的最佳试验条件，从而建立检测的方法。方法：对试验中关键因素进行正交试验设计，根据设计方案进行试验，采用液相萃取法提取样品，然后进行HPLC分析。结果：试验次数由原来的243次（3^3＋6^3）减少到36次，即可获得满意的试验结果。结论：正交试验设计法对HPLE测定微量物质的备件选择有一定参考和使用价值．     

Growth in Rabbits during Alternate-Day Cortisone Injections: Near Normal Growth on Days without Cortisone

ABSTRACT. Longitudinal bone growth in rabbits during treatment with hydrocortisone was measured by means of Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis, RSA. This method allows accurate measurement of the distance between metallic markers inserted into long bones. Hydrocortisone was given in i.m. injections as single doses and as repeated doses, daily or every other day. Single injections of hydrocortisone resulted in three types of growth effect, depending on dosage. Low dosage (less than 4 mg/kg b.w.) produced no blunting of growth. Intermediate dosage (4–32 mg/kg b.w.) retarded growth during the first but not the second day after the injection. The effect of high dosage (64–128 mg/kg b.w.) lasted for two days. During daily treatment (4 and 16 mg/kg b.w.), growth decreased to a constant level. During alternate-day steroid injections with a double dose every other day, growth almost normalized during the steroid-free days. Average growth was significantly greater during alternate-day injections than during daily injections. It is concluded that alternate-day treatment has no unfavorable effect on growth so long as the interval between injections exceeds the duration of the growth effect of each single dose.     

Evidence for a Glucocorticoid Receptor in Human Leukocytes

The glucocorticoid uptake in vitro by human periferal leukocytes was studied. The uptake showed 2 main components, one saturable and one non-saturable. The saturable component was compared with the uptake by the specific glucocorticoid receptor in rabbit granulocytes. The similarities with the rabbit receptor in structural specificity, time course of uptake at 37° C, sensitivity to metabolic inhibition by PCMS and the physiological concentration for half saturation indicate that the saturable component corresponds to a specific glucocorticoid receptor. Cells from chronic lymphatic leukemia and chronic myeloic leukemia were also studied. Only the former had a saturable glucocorticoid uptake.