Comparison of anatomical location of squamous cell carcinoma within the oral cavity and oropharynx with the incidence of in vitro hyperdiploidy

The anatomical location of the squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) within the oral cavity and oropharynx influenced the association of SCCA with the biomarker in vitro hyperdiploidy in human dermal fibroblast cultures (IVH). There was a strong association of IVH with the occurrence of SCCA in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, floor of the mouth and lower alveolar ridge of the oral cavity and in the base of the tongue and pharyngeal wall of the oropharynx. There was a lower association of SCCA with IVH in the tonsillar region of the oropharynx. IVH showed no association with SCCA located in other anatomical parts of the oral region. The patient group whose diagnosis of SCCA in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue occurred prior to the age of 50 years were invariably IVH-, whereas those diagnosed after the age of 50 years were IVH+, providing evidence for heterogeneity. There was no such correlation of biomarker subgrouping with age of diagnosis demonstrated for SCCA at any other anatomical location within the oral cavity or oropharynx.     

Clinical significance of joint detection of serum CEA,SCCA, and bFGF in the diagnosis of lung cancer

Lung cancer is a type of malignant tumor with highest morbidity and mortality. This study tested three tumor marker levels including CEA, SCCA, and bFGF to explore their value in lung cancer diagnosis and pathological type judgment. Venous blood was extracted from lung cancer patients, lung benign lesion patients and healthy control. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was applied to detect serum CEA and SCCA content. ELISA was used to test serum bFGF level. Serum CEA, SCCA, and bFGF levels and positive rates were significantly higher in lung cancer group than that of lung benign disease group and health control (P < 0.05). bFGF showed higher detection sensitivity than CEA in lung cancer (P < 0.05). Three joint detection sensitivity was higher than single test (P < 0.05), while its specificity was lower (P < 0.05), and the accuracy presented no significant difference. Serum CEA and SCCA levels and positive rates were obviously higher in non-small cell lung cancer patients when compared with small cell lung cancer patients (P < 0.05), while bFGF level was similar between small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. bFGF showed higher detection rate than SCCA in small cell lung cancer (P < 0.05). Three joint detection exhibited higher positive rate in small cell lung cancer and non-small lung cancer than single test. Serum CEA, SCCA and bFGF joint detection improved detection sensitivity in lung cancer and had important reference value for pathological type deduction.     

肿瘤标志物联合检测在肝癌诊断及鉴别诊断中的临床意义

目的 探讨α-L-岩藻苷酶（AFU）、鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCCA）、β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）四项检测对肿瘤诊断及鉴别诊断的临床意义。方法 应用速率法检测AFU、酶免法检测SCCA、AFP，免疫透射比浊法检测β2-MG。测定原发性肝癌50例，肝硬化50例，其它恶性肿瘤患者50例，健康体检者50例。结果 原发性肝癌各项指标与其它恶性肿瘤、肝硬化比较，除β2-MG无差异（P〉0．05）外，其它均有显着性差异（P〈0．01、P〈0．05），与正常组比较四项标记物均有显着性差异，P〈0．01。原发性肝癌组单项AFU、β2-MG、SCCA、AFP阳性率分别为60％、76％、80％、80％。结论 AFU、SCCA、AFP、β2-MG四项肿瘤标志物联合检测可提高肝癌的阳性诊断率。对诊断及鉴别诊断肝癌具有重要临床意义。     

Hydrophobicity of reactive site loop of SCCA1 affects its binding to hepatitis B virus

AIM: To investigate the role of SCCA2 and other SCCA1 molecules in the process of hepatitis B virus (HBV) binding to mammalian cells. METHODS: SCCA1 and SCCA2 were isolated from HepG2. Binding protein (BP) genes were obtained through PCR. Recombinant baculoviruses expressing SCCA1, SCCA2, BP, and different mutants were constructed and utilized to infect mammalian cells to investigate the binding ability of infected cells to HBV. RESULTS: A SCCA1 gene (A1) was isolated from HepG2, but it appeared to lack the binding ability of infected cells to HBV. Two mutants, A1-BP and BP-A1, were constructed by interchanging the carboxyl terminal of A1 and BP. Cells expressing A1-BP showed an increased virus binding capacity, but not BP-A1. Comparison of A1 sequence with the sequence of BP indicated the presence of only three amino acid changes in the carboxyl terminal, two of them were found in the reactive site loop (RSL) of SCCA1. Primary structure assay revealed that the hydrophobicity of BP and AJ515706 in this domain was strong, but A1 was relatively weak. Changing the aa349 of A1 from low hydrophobic glutamic add to high hydrophobic valine enhanced HBV binding. In contrast, HBV binding was reduced by changing the aa349 of BP from valine to glutamic acid. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the hydrophobicity of RSL of SCCA1 may play an important role in HBV binding to cells.     

血清SCCA、CYFRA21-1、TPS在宫颈鳞癌的表达及对化疗疗效评价的意义

目的检测血清鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCCA）、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1（CYFRA21-1）、组织多肽特异性抗原（TPS）在宫颈鳞癌的表达,分析其在化疗疗效评价中的意义。方法宫颈鳞癌患者31例,健康对照组30例,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清SCCA、CYFRA21-1、TPS水平,并比较3项指标在两组人员中的差异及在宫颈癌患者组中化疗前后的变化。结果①宫颈癌组血清SCCA、CYFRA21-1、TPS水平明显高于健康对照组（P〈0.01）。宫颈鳞癌患者中,血清SCCA、CYFRA21-1、TPS诊断敏感性分别为70.00%、48.00%、86.21%,特异性均为100%。TPS诊断敏感性明显高于SCCA、CYFRA21-1（P〈0.05）。SCCA和TPS联合及三者联合诊断敏感性提高,分别为96.43%、95.83%。②SCCA在不同临床分期表达差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,在中或高分化组表达明显高于低分化组（P〈0.05）,与有无淋巴结转移无关（P〉0.05）。CYFRA21-1、TPS在Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期表达明显高于Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期（P〈0.05）,与肿瘤分化程度无关（P〉0.05）。对有无淋巴结转移,CYFRA21-1的表达差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而TPS表达差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。③化疗有效（CR＋PR）的患者中,化疗后血清SCCA、TPS较化疗前明显下降（P〈0.05）,CYFRA21-1化疗后下降,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。化疗后病情稳定（SD）或进展（PD）的患者中,化疗前后血清SCCA、CYFRA21-1、TPS水平均无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论 SCCA、CYFRA21-1、TPS检测对宫颈鳞癌的诊断具有一定意义,SCCA、TPS水平变化在化疗疗效评估方面具有一定指导作用。     

子宫颈鳞状细胞癌中SCCA1和SCCA2的分子表达及其意义

 目的　探讨子宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中SCCA1和SCCA2ｍRNA的表达在子宫颈鳞状细胞癌临床诊断、疗效评价及预后观察中的作用。方法　采用TaqMan探针实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）的方法,分析60例子宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者和30例正常子宫颈组织中SCCA1和SCCA2 mRNA的表达。结果　SCCA2 mRNA在子宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中较对照正常组织中表达水平高（相对表达量分别为4.405±2.310及9.088±2.195）,差异有统计学意义（t＝-6.513,P＜0.05）。SCCA1 mRNA则差异无统计学意义（t＝-0.115,P＞0.05）。SCCA2 mRNA的表达随着临床分期的增高而增高（F＝8.313,P＜0.05）,SCCA2 mRNA的表达在有淋巴结转移组较无淋巴结转移组高（t＝2.853,P＜0.05）,SCCA2 mRNA的表达与病理分级及患者年龄无关（P＞0.05）,SCCA1 mRNA的表达与患者年龄、病理分级、临床分期及淋巴结转移均无明显相关性（P＞0.05）。结论　SCCA2 mRNA的表达可能为子宫颈鳞状细胞癌临床分期、淋巴结转移的判断提供更为准确的信息。     

Progressive increase of SCCA-IgM immune complexes in cirrhotic patients is associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma

About 3-4% of cirrhotic patients develop primary liver cancer every year. Specific serologic markers have not yet been identified for screening of high risk patients. The serpin squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is overexpressed in liver cancer and circulating SCCA-IgM complexes have been described in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to assess the behavior of SCCA-IgM in relation to HCC development in patients with cirrhosis. A retrospective, longitudinal study was conducted in a cohort of prospectively followed cirrhotic patients. Two groups with similar clinical profile at presentation were studied : group A included 16 patients who developed HCC during a median follow up of 4 years; group B included 17 patients who did not develop HCC during the same time interval. Circulating SCCA-IgM immune complexes were determined using a recently standardized ELISA assay. At presentation similar levels of SCCA-IgM complexes [mean +/- SD: 267.40 +/- 382.25 U/ml vs. 249.10 +/- 446.90 U/ml, p = 0.9006] and of alpha-fetoprotein [AFP; 24.11 +/- 59.04 IU/ml vs. 10.91 +/- 23.34 IU/ml, p = 0.3995] were detected in group A and in group B. The increase over time (phi) of SCCA-IgM, assessed within at least one year before clinical diagnosis of HCC, was remarkably higher in group A than in group B (mean +/- SD = 280.05 +/- 606.71 (U/ml)/year vs. -37.92 +/- 95.94 (U/ml)/year, p = 0.0408), while AFP increase was not significantly different (11.89 +/- 23.27 (IU/ml)/year vs. 3.67 +/- 11.46 (IU/ml)/year, p = 0.2179). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for the rate of change in the levels of both markers and the diagnostic accuracy measured as AUROC was higher for SCCA-IgM phi (0.821) than for AFP phi (0.654). In conclusion, the progressive increase of SCCA-IgM over time was associated with liver tumor development, suggesting that monitoring the behavior of SCCA-IgM might become useful to identify cirrhotic patients at higher risk of HCC development.     

不同临床期别宫颈鳞癌患者血清差异蛋白质的表达

目的寻找不同临床期别宫颈鳞癌患者之间的血清差异蛋白质。方法采用表面增强激光解吸离子化飞行时间质谱仪（SELDI-TOF-MS）和弱阳离子结合芯片（CM10）,检测宫颈鳞癌患者可手术治疗组（Ⅰa期、Ⅰb期、Ⅱa期）与不能手术治疗组（Ⅱb期、Ⅲa期、Ⅲb期、Ⅳ期）的血清蛋白质、以及血清鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCCA）≥4.5ng/ml组与SCCA〈1.5ng/ml组之间有分类意义的差异蛋白质。结果相对分子质量在1002～18369范围内,共有43种蛋白质质谱峰值有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,其中质荷比（M/Z）为11523.83、11679.13、5841.076、7971.04、16109.71、15932.17的蛋白质,在宫颈癌可手术治疗组的含量显著低于不能手术治疗组（P〈0.01）。SCCA≥4.5ng/ml组与SCCA〈1.5ng/ml组之间获得相同的差异蛋白质。以单个差异蛋白质11679.13（M/Z）作为分类变量建立宫颈癌手术组与不能手术组的诊断树模型,分类正确率为93.18%（41/44）。结论宫颈癌早中期可手术治疗组与中晚期不能手术治疗组血清中存在差异蛋白质,SCCA组≥4.5ng/ml与SCCA〈1.5ng/ml组之间存在相同的差异蛋白质;以单个差异蛋白质作为分类变量建立的诊断树模型,给临床分期提供重要的参考。     

Use of a self-generating percoll gradient and single cell cytotoxicity assay to identify tumor-lytic properties of inflammatory neutrophils

Within a murine model of regional immunotherapy, the cytolytic potential of peritoneal neutrophils could not be confirmed or quantified using routine techniques of cell separation and chromium release assays. We, therefore, developed procedures for the enrichment of neutrophils and estimation of the frequency of killer cells. Peritoneal exudate cells from mice injected with Corynebacterium parvum were fractionated on a self-generating Percoll gradient to enrich for neutrophils and deplete macrophages. A significant enrichment of neutrophils (greater than 90%) was obtained in a band corresponding to a density of 1.088 with a recovery of 35-50% of input. Neutrophil-enriched cell populations were then mixed with tumor cells to examine neutrophil-target interactions at the single cell level. Conjugates of neutrophils and tumor targets were obtained and the majority were lytic. With the aid of trypan blue staining and safranin counterstaining, it was possible to distinguish effector cells from targets and neutrophils from other host cells. The frequency of conjugates was dependent upon the effector to target cell ratio and was not affected by changes in temperature (range 4-30 degrees C). The post-binding lytic events were initiated rapidly after conjugation and tumor lysis was completed within 30 min. The lytic events occurred optimally between 25 degrees and 37 degrees C. The present studies support the role of neutrophils in tumor lysis following administration of an immunoadjuvant. The techniques described are important to further study the role of neutrophils in disease states as well as the underlying mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated tumor cytotoxicity.     

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者血清中SCCA、Cyfra21—1、EGFR、CyclinD1含量的检测

目的检测口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者血清中鳞状细胞癌相关抗原（SCCA）、细胞角蛋白19可溶性片段（Cyfra21-1）、表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）和细胞周期素D1（CyclinD1）的含量,探讨它们的联合检测对口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的诊断价值,以及与肿瘤临床分期、病理分级和淋巴结转移的关系,并观察手术前后这四种物质的含量变化。方法选择住院治疗的口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者92例,正常对照组72例,肿瘤患者于术前取空腹静脉血2ml,对其中20例患者于术后1周再次取空腹静脉血2m!,正常对照组于常规体检时取空腹静脉血2ml。酶联免疫吸附法测定所有标本血清中SCCA、Cyfra21—1、EGFR、CyclinD1的含量。结果口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者术前血清中SCCA、EGFR、CyclinD1的含量明显高于正常对照组,而Cyfra21—1的含量与对照组相比无显著差异。患者术后1周血清中SCCA的含量明显降低,而Cyfra21—1、EGFR、CyclinD1的含量与术前相比无显著差异。肿瘤患者术前血清中SCCA、Cyfra21-1、EGFR、CyclinD1的含量与肿瘤的临床分期、分化及淋巴结转移无关。单独检测SCCA、EGFR、CyclinD1时,EGFR对肿瘤诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性最高;SCCA、EGFR、CyclinD1任意两种联合检测时,EGFR与CyclinD1联合对肿瘤诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性最高,其次是SCCA与EGFR联合;SCCA、EGFR和CyclinD1三者联合检测的灵敏度、特异性和准确性与EGFR、CyclinD1联合检测相同。结论EGFR与CyclinD1联合检测可提高对口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性,对口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤有辅助诊断价值。SCCA可能对治疗效果的监测有参考意义。