N-acetyl-l-cysteine protects porcine oocytes undergoing meiotic resumption from heat stress

Heat stress (HS) is a notable risk factor for female reproductive performance. In particular, impaired oocyte maturation was thought to contribute largely to the HS-induced reproductive dysfunctions. In this study, we confirmed that oocytes undergoing GVBD were much susceptible to HS, and thus compromising subsequent embryonic development. Using N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), we found supplementation of a relatively high dose NAC during in vitro maturation, can protect oocytes from HS-induced complications, and thus rescuing impaired embryonic development. Further analysis indicated that mechanisms responsible for protecting GVBD oocytes from HS by NAC may include: (1) reversing disorganized spindle assembly and inhibited extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) signaling; (2) correcting erroneous H3K27me3 modification and dysregulated expression of imprinted genes; (3) alleviating increased intraoocyte reactive oxygen species accumulation and apoptosis initiation. Our study, focusing on the oocyte meiotic maturation, may provide a safe and promising strategy for protecting reproductive sows under environmental hyperthermal conditions.     

热疗对肿瘤免疫微环境中免疫细胞及免疫相关细胞因子的影响

随着对肿瘤热疗和肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)的深入研究,近年来热疗对TIME的作用越来越受到学者们的重视。本文就目前国内外研究进展,对热疗与TIME中几类主要免疫细胞和免疫相关细胞因子的影响及作用机制作一综述。全面而透彻的了解热疗对TIME的调控作用,有助于为肿瘤治疗提供新的思路和方法。     

疏肝和中汤联合雷贝拉唑治疗肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎临床研究

的:探讨疏肝和中汤联合雷贝拉唑治疗肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎患者的疗效。方法:选择68 例肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组34例。对照组给予雷贝拉唑治疗; 治疗组给予疏肝和中汤联合雷贝拉唑治疗,8周为1个疗程,随后观察患者治疗前后的症状积分变化及食管黏膜修复作用,及其对胃蛋白酶原I(PGI)、胃蛋白酶原比值(PGR)、胃泌素17(G-17)水平影响,评价两组药物的临床疗效。结果: 治疗组临床疗效总有效率91.2%; 对照组临床疗效总有效率70.1%,经统计学分析具有统计学意义,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。 中药对改善嘈杂易饥、神疲乏力、抑郁或心烦易怒、口苦咽干、大便秘结等肝胃郁热症状效果优于对照组。 中药组能更好促进食管黏膜修复作用,达到良好效果。 疏肝和中汤联合雷贝拉唑可以降低胃蛋白酶原I(PGI)、胃蛋白酶原比值(PGR)、胃泌素17(G-17)水平。结论:疏肝和中汤联合雷贝拉唑对反流性食管炎肝胃郁热证具有较好的临床疗效。     

一次性湿热交换器在新生儿机械通气长途转运中应用的效果分析

目的探讨研究一次性湿热交换器在新生儿机械通气长途转运中应用的临床意义。方法 2017年1月-2017年12月,我院120转运中心长途转运接收786例机械通气新生儿,786例患儿随机分为常规气道护理(对照组)和转运途中应用一次性湿热交换器组(治疗组),对比转运过程中的吸痰次数、肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率。结果研究数据显示治疗组吸痰次数、肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率有显著性差异(P<0.05)明显低于对照组。结论在机械通气新生儿长途转运中,一次性湿热交换器的可减少转运患儿吸痰次数发生率、降低肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率具有明显优越性,值得推广。     

High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Using 5,000-V Waveforms to Create Reproducible 2- and 4-cm Ablation Zones—A Laboratory Investigation Using Mechanically Perfused Liver

PurposeTo investigate if high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) treatments can be delivered at higher voltages and with greater energy delivery rates than currently implemented in clinical irreversible electroporation protocols.Materials and MethodsTreatments using 3,000 V and 5,000 V were administered to mechanically perfused ex vivo porcine liver via a single applicator and grounding pad (A+GP) as well as a 4-applicator array (4AA). Integrated energized times (IET) 0.01–0.08 seconds and energy delivery rates 25–300 μs/s were investigated. Organs were preserved at 4°C for 10–15 hours before sectioning and gross analysis using a metabolic stain to identify the size and shape of ablation zones.ResultsA+GP ablations measured between 1.6 cm and 2.2 cm, which did not increase when IET was increased from 0.02 seconds to 0.08 seconds (P > .055; range, 1.9–2.1 cm). Changes in tissue color and texture consistent with thermal damage were observed for treatments with energy delivery rates 50–300 μs/s, but not for treatments delivered at 25 μs/s. Use of the 4AA with a 3-cm applicator spacing resulted in ablations measuring 4.4–4.9 cm with energy delivery times of 7–80 minutes.ConclusionsH-FIRE treatments can rapidly and reproducibly create 2-cm ablations using an A+GP configuration. Treatments without thermal injury were produced at the expense of extended treatment times. More rapid treatments resulted in ablations with varying degrees of thermal injury within the H-FIRE ablation zone. Production of 4-cm ablations is possible using a 4AA.     

Endovascular deep brain stimulation: Investigating the relationship between vascular structures and deep brain stimulation targets

BackgroundEndovascular delivery of current using ‘stentrodes’ – electrode bearing stents – constitutes a potential alternative to conventional deep brain stimulation (DBS). The precise neuroanatomical relationships between DBS targets and the vascular system, however, are poorly characterized to date.ObjectiveTo establish the relationships between cerebrovascular system and DBS targets and investigate the feasibility of endovascular stimulation as an alternative to DBS.MethodsNeuroanatomical targets as employed during deep brain stimulation (anterior limb of the internal capsule, dentatorubrothalamic tract, fornix, globus pallidus pars interna, medial forebrain bundle, nucleus accumbens, pedunculopontine nucleus, subcallosal cingulate cortex, subthalamic nucleus, and ventral intermediate nucleus) were superimposed onto probabilistic vascular atlases obtained from 42 healthy individuals. Euclidian distances between targets and associated vessels were measured. To determine the electrical currents necessary to encapsulate the predefined neurosurgical targets and identify potentially side-effect inducing substrates, a preliminary volume of tissue activated (VTA) analysis was performed.ResultsSix out of ten DBS targets were deemed suitable for endovascular stimulation: medial forebrain bundle (vascular site: P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery), nucleus accumbens (vascular site: A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery), dentatorubrothalamic tract (vascular site: s2 segment of superior cerebellar artery), fornix (vascular site: internal cerebral vein), pedunculopontine nucleus (vascular site: lateral mesencephalic vein), and subcallosal cingulate cortex (vascular site: A2 segment of anterior cerebral artery). While VTAs effectively encapsulated mfb and NA at current thresholds of 3.5 V and 4.5 V respectively, incremental amplitude increases were required to effectively cover fornix, PPN and SCC target (mean voltage: 8.2 ± 4.8 V, range: 3.0–17.0 V). The side-effect profile associated with endovascular stimulation seems to be comparable to conventional lead implantation. Tailoring of targets towards vascular sites, however, may allow to reduce adverse effects, while maintaining the efficacy of neural entrainment within the target tissue.ConclusionsWhile several challenges remain at present, endovascular stimulation of select DBS targets seems feasible offering novel and exciting opportunities in the neuromodulation armamentarium.     

糖尿病肾病内热证与肾功能及炎症因子的相关性研究

目的:观察糖尿病肾病不同分期内热证与肾功能及炎症指标的相关性。方法:收集202例糖尿病肾病患者的临床资料,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测微炎症指标,包括超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,HS-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α),进行统计分析。结果:与非内热证组比较,中期、晚期内热证组24小时尿蛋白定量明显升高;晚期内热证组的血清肌酐明显升高,肾小球滤过率(glomerular filtration rate,GFR)明显降低;炎症因子CRP、IL-6、TNF-α随疾病进展均呈上升趋势;晚期内热证组与非内热证组比较,IL-6、TNF-α升高;中期HS-CRP与内热积分呈正相关,晚期TNF-α与内热积分呈正相关。结论:内热病机贯穿于糖尿病肾病的始终,与糖尿病肾病肾功能以及疾病进展密切相关;同时,内热积分与炎症因子HS-CRP、TNF-α的表达存在一定的相关性,这种相关性在疾病中期、晚期表现更加明显。     

检测子宫内膜异位症患者血清中差异表达蛋白的研究

目的：检测子宫内膜异位症（内异症）患者血清中差异表达的蛋白。方法：采用表面增强激光解吸／离子化飞行时间质谱（SELDI—TOF—MS）技术，选用WCX2蛋白质芯片对50例内异症及48例对照组血清标本进行检测以筛选内异症血清中差异表达的蛋白。结果：在Mr 0～50000范围内，检测出106个蛋白峰。内异症患者血清中差异表达的蛋白峰有4个。将发现的差异蛋白峰在Swiss蛋白数据库中搜索，发现Mr 9280蛋白峰与玻璃粘连蛋白Vitronectin相符。Vitronectin属于整合素家族，在内异症的粘附、侵袭、血管形成过程中起重要作用。其他的蛋白峰没有发现与之相匹配的蛋白，提示可能为新的蛋白质。结论：内异症患者血清中存在差异表达的蛋白，其对内异症的早期诊断具有一定的临床意义。SELDI蛋白芯片技术是一种快速、简单易行、样本用量少、高通量、重复性好的分析方法，具有广阔的临床应用前景。     

Immunohistochemical expression of C-myc oncogene,heat shock protein 70 and HLA-DR molecules in malignant cutaneous melanoma

The clinical course of malignant melanomas is frequently unpredictable, although a number of prognostically useful variables can be identified. There is a need for additional markers of prognostic value. In a series of 60 malignant cutaneous melanomas, we analysed the immunohistochemical expression of c-myc proto-oncogene, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and HLA-DR molecules in order to investigate their prognostic significance. C-myc, HSP70 and HLA-DR were expressed in 43.3%, 56.6% and 38.3% of all melanoma cases, respectively. Advanced Clark levels (Clark III–V) were significantly associated with c-myc expression rate (P<0.05), HSP70 detection (P<0.01) and HLA-DR positivity (P<0.01). Increased Breslow thickness (>1.5 mm) was related to HLA-DR expression (P<0.05). High mitotic rate was closely associated with c-myc positivity (P<0.05), while HSP70 and HLA-DR expression separately correlated to clinical stage of the disease (P<0.05). The evaluation of these variables may be of immunological and prognostic significance. They were found to be associated with melanocyte subpopulations of the vertical growth phase which are arguably characterized by an increased invasive potential.