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1.
本文通过对《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》和《WHO西太平洋地区传统医学名词术语国际标准》舌诊术语进行比较,分析两部标准中舌诊术语英译的优缺点,提出更适宜优先选择作为中医舌诊术语英译标准的方案,以期为中医名词术语标准化工作提供参考。 相似文献
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《Biomaterials》2015
A combination of various therapeutic approaches has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. A safe and competent nano-delivery system is thus in urgent demand to facilitate the simultaneous transport of various therapeutic agents to cancer cells and a tumor region to achieve synergistic effect. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSNs) were fabricated herein as potential candidates for drug delivery. Serving as gatekeepers, GNPs (5 nm in diameter) were attached onto the amino-functionalized MSNs (denoted as NMSNs) via a relatively weak gold–nitrogen bonding. The resulting nanohybrids (denoted as GCMSNs) were uptaken by cells, and the detachment of GNPs and subsequent intracellular drug release from NMSNs were achieved by competitive binding of intracellular glutathione to GNPs. In addition to the function of gatekeeping, GNPs also play another role as the oxidative stress elicitor. Our in vitro studies revealed that GCMSNs induced higher oxidative stress in lung cancer cells (A549) than in normal cells (3T3-L1). This growth inhibitory effect found in the cancer cells was likely induced by mitochondria dysfunction originated from the GCMSN-induced, oxidative stress-triggered mitochondria-mediated autophagy. The redox-responsive nanohybrids were further loaded with camptothecin and the intensified synergistic therapeutic effects were observed associated with combined chemotherapy and oxidative stress strategy. The results clearly demonstrate that such unique nanohybrids hold great promise for selective and effective cancer treatments. 相似文献
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《Diagnostic and interventional imaging》2020,101(9):555-564
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine whether computed tomography (CT)-based machine learning of radiomics features could help distinguish autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Materials and MethodsEighty-nine patients with AIP (65 men, 24 women; mean age, 59.7 ± 13.9 [SD] years; range: 21–83 years) and 93 patients with PDAC (68 men, 25 women; mean age, 60.1 ± 12.3 [SD] years; range: 36–86 years) were retrospectively included. All patients had dedicated dual-phase pancreatic protocol CT between 2004 and 2018. Thin-slice images (0.75/0.5 mm thickness/increment) were compared with thick-slices images (3 or 5 mm thickness/increment). Pancreatic regions involved by PDAC or AIP (areas of enlargement, altered enhancement, effacement of pancreatic duct) as well as uninvolved parenchyma were segmented as three-dimensional volumes. Four hundred and thirty-one radiomics features were extracted and a random forest was used to distinguish AIP from PDAC. CT data of 60 AIP and 60 PDAC patients were used for training and those of 29 AIP and 33 PDAC independent patients were used for testing.ResultsThe pancreas was diffusely involved in 37 (37/89; 41.6%) patients with AIP and not diffusely in 52 (52/89; 58.4%) patients. Using machine learning, 95.2% (59/62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.8–100%), 83.9% (52:67; 95% CI: 74.7–93.0%) and 77.4% (48/62; 95% CI: 67.0–87.8%) of the 62 test patients were correctly classified as either having PDAC or AIP with thin-slice venous phase, thin-slice arterial phase, and thick-slice venous phase CT, respectively. Three of the 29 patients with AIP (3/29; 10.3%) were incorrectly classified as having PDAC but all 33 patients with PDAC (33/33; 100%) were correctly classified with thin-slice venous phase with 89.7% sensitivity (26/29; 95% CI: 78.6–100%) and 100% specificity (33/33; 95% CI: 93–100%) for the diagnosis of AIP, 95.2% accuracy (59/62; 95% CI: 89.8–100%) and area under the curve of 0.975 (95% CI: 0.936–1.0).ConclusionsRadiomic features help differentiate AIP from PDAC with an overall accuracy of 95.2%. 相似文献
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目的:探讨中期正电子发射型计算机断层显像(positron emission tomography-computed tomography,PET-CT)Deauville五分法(Deauville five-point scale,5-PS)与最大标准摄取值缩减率(maximum standard uptake value variation,△SUVmax)两种图像判读法在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)患者预后评估中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2012年10月至2018年6月重庆医科大学附属第一医院收治的94例DLBCL患者资料。采用Kaplan-Meier法及Cox比例风险回归模型进行生存资料分析,计算并采用χ2检验比较5-PS和△SUVmax对DLBCL患者预后预测的能力。结果:5-PS和△SUVmax分别以4分、86%进行分组。5-PS<4分组、△SUVmax≥86%组的患者无进展生存期(progression free survival,PFS)和总生存期(overall survival,OS)均优于5-PS≥4分组、△SUVmax<86%组的患者(P<0.05)。△SUVmax与5-PS对患者PFS和OS均有影响,较高的阴性预测值(89.4%,93.6%;76.1%,85.9%),较低的阳性预测值(48.9%,31.9%;47.8%,34.8%),并且△SUVmax对于患者的敏感性优于5-PS(82.1%,83.3%vs.39.3%,44.4%)。单因素分析中国际预后指数(international prognostic index,IPI)(P=0.007)、△SUVmax(P<0.001)、5-PS(P=0.014)及基线全身肿瘤代谢体积(total metabolic tumor volume,TMTV)(P=0.001)与PFS相关,△SUVmax(P=0.014)、5-PS(P=0.033)、TMTV(P=0.004)与OS相关;多因素分析显示TMTV是OS的独立预测因子(P=0.005),△SUVmax和TMTV是PFS的独立预测因子(P=0.002,P=0.020),并且△SUVmax<86%且高水平TMTV患者较低TMTV患者的PFS明显缩短(P=0.001)。结论:5-PS和△SUVmax均能初步评估DLBCL患者预后,但△SUVmax具有更高的预测价值,并且联合基线TMTV可以对DLBCL患者进行再次危险度分层。 相似文献
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《Indian journal of medical microbiology》2019,37(3):433-437
This prospective cohort study was conducted to compare the accuracy of QuantiFERON®-TB (QFT) Gold In-Tube test and tuberculin skin test (TST) in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in predominantly bacille Calmette–Guerin-vaccinated children with a high incidence of malnutrition. The sensitivity of the QFT versus the TST was 69.6% versus 52.9% for WHO-defined TB, with specificity of 86% versus 78.3%, respectively. The concordance of the TST and QFT was 79% overall (κ = 0.430), 62.5% in those with WHO-defined TB and 85.7% in those without TB. Majority of the QFT+/TST − discordance was seen in children with TB, whereas majority of the TST+/QFT − discordance was seen in those without TB. The TST was more likely to be negative in children with moderate-to-severe malnutrition (P = 0.003) compared to the QFT, which was more likely to be positive in younger children. The significantly better performance of the QFT in malnourished children and those at younger ages supports its use for TB diagnosis in these subpopulations. 相似文献
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Julia H. Vermylen Gordon J. Wood Elaine R. Cohen Jeffrey H. Barsuk William C. McGaghie Diane B. Wayne 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2019,57(3):682-687
Introduction
Physician communication impacts patient outcomes. However, communication skills, especially around difficult conversations, remain suboptimal, and there is no clear way to determine the validity of entrustment decisions. The aims of this study were to 1) describe the development of a simulation-based mastery learning (SBML) curriculum for breaking bad news (BBN) conversation skills and 2) set a defensible minimum passing standard (MPS) to ensure uniform skill acquisition among learners.Innovation
An SBML BBN curriculum was developed for fourth-year medical students. An assessment tool was created to evaluate the acquisition of skills involved in a BBN conversation. Pilot testing was completed to confirm improvement in skill acquisition and set the MPS.Outcomes
A BBN assessment tool containing a 15-item checklist and six scaled items was developed. Students' checklist performance improved significantly at post-test compared to baseline (mean 65.33%, SD = 12.09% vs mean 88.67%, SD = 9.45%, P < 0.001). Students were also significantly more likely to have at least a score of 4 (on a five-point scale) for the six scaled questions at post-test. The MPS was set at 80%, requiring a score of 12 items on the checklist and at least 4 of 5 for each scaled item. Using the MPS, 30% of students would require additional training after post-testing.Comments
We developed a SBML curriculum with a comprehensive assessment of BBN skills and a defensible competency standard. Future efforts will expand the mastery model to larger cohorts and assess the impact of rigorous education on patient care outcomes. 相似文献9.
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