下颌支抗在矫治唇向低位尖牙中的应用

目的　比较 2种方法排齐上颌尖牙唇向低位的效果。方法　 2 0例主要表现为尖牙唇向低位的上颌重度牙列拥挤患者随机分成 2组 ,全部拔除 4个第 1双尖牙 ,然后 1组采用钛镍丝全部入槽 ,末端回弯 ,尖牙远中结扎的方法排齐尖牙 ,2组采用在尖牙托槽上加牵引钩 ,用橡皮筋在尖牙和下颌磨牙颊侧牵引钩之间进行牵拉矫治。结果　第 2组支抗控制情况明显优于第 1组。结论　采用类似于Ⅱ类牵引的方法排齐上颌尖牙唇向低位效果良好 ,值得在临床中推广应用。     

AngleⅡ类错矫治的临床研究

目的 :观察联合运用功能矫治器和方丝弓矫治器治疗安氏 类错牙合患者的临床效果。方法 :以近 5年来收治的 30例安氏 类错牙合临床患者 ,平均治疗时间 1 8个月 ,治疗前后均拍摄头影测量片 ,将测量结果进行分析比较 ,评价治疗效果。结果 :儿童的上颌磨牙远中移动 ,下颌磨牙近中移动明显 ,儿童颌骨前后垂直关系显著增加。结论 :联合功能矫治器及方丝弓矫治器治疗的安氏 类错牙合有满意的疗效 ,可以相互促进改善患者的软硬组织关系     

错畸形牙弓形态的模拟及比较

目的 :比较不同类型错牙合畸形的牙弓形态。方法 :采用三维测量仪精密测量正常牙合及 4组不同类型错牙合(ClassⅠ双颌前突、ClassⅡ1、ClassⅡ2 、ClassⅢ )的原始模型 ,圆锥曲线模拟其牙弓形态。结果 :不同类型错牙合牙弓形态的差异有显著性 ,甚至某些分组的上下颌之间牙弓形态的差异也有显著性。结论 :临床上弯制弓丝时采用单一的标准牙弓形态是不完全科学的 ,应考虑错牙合的不同类型及其矫治前不同的牙弓形态以防止畸形复发。     

Sleep-disordered breathing and orthodontic variables in children—Pilot study

IntroductionSleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) is a highly prevalent condition associated with orofacial and dentofacial characteristics.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to verify the association of dental malocclusion, molar relationship, crossbite, open bite, overjet, overbite, and crowding with SDB in children aged 7–9 years.Materials and methodsParticipating schools were selected randomly from within the public elementary school system. In the first phase of the study, the parents of 1216 children aged between 7 and 9 years old completed the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) questionnaire and the children had to participate in a dental examination. The evaluation of occlusion was divided into sagittal analysis, vertical analysis, and transverse analysis. In the second phase, 60 children were selected randomly to be undergone polysomnography (PSG) at a sleep clinic.ResultsAmong the children included, 242 (19.9%) children had normal occlusion. Of the 60 children, 50 underwent PSG and 40 (80%) had SDB. The crossbite and open bite showed association with SDB, p = 0.04 in both.ConclusionCrossbite and open bite malocclusions were associated with SDB, and may be predictive of SDB in children. Studies with larger numbers of participants are needed to investigate the association of other malocclusions with SDB, and randomized clinical trials are also needed to see whether orthodontic and/or functional jaw orthopedic treatment is an option for treating children with malocclusion and SDB.     

骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)畸形患者下颌牙弓与基骨形态的三维测量研究

目的 对骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)患者下颌模型进行三维扫描并测量,评估其牙弓形态与基骨形态的相关性及个体差异,以期指导临床治疗.方法 选取29例骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)患者下颌模型进行激光扫描,建立三维模型.对下颌右侧第一磨牙至下颌左侧第一磨牙的FA点(临床冠中心点)、WALA点(膜龈联合(牙合)方的软组织带处最凸点)进行标定,并分析FA曲线和WALA曲线所对应的牙弓形态与基骨形态.结果 骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)的下颌FA曲线与WALA曲线显著正相关(r尖牙区=0.616;r磨牙区=0.818).前牙区WALA曲线的曲率半径(23.07)大于FA曲线的曲率半径(19.22).左右侧尖牙区和左右侧第一磨牙区FA点的变异系数(分别为10.00％、13.97％和5.99％、6.36％)均大于相应区域WALA点的变异系数(分别为7.57％、8.60％和3.78％、5.07％).FA点和WALA点尖牙区变异系数均大于第一磨牙区变异系数.结论 骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)下颌牙弓形态与对应的基骨形态显著相关,且尖牙区的个体差异较磨牙区的个体差异大,因此正畸治疗时不能仅考虑牙弓形态,还应多考虑基骨形态对治疗的影响.     

青少年骨性Ⅱ类双期矫治1例

报告1例青少年骨性Ⅱ类,上颌发育过度,下颌发育不足的双期矫治病例。通过一期使用功能性活动矫治器促进下颌生长、二期直丝弓固定矫治,改善上颌前突,取得较满意的效果。     

Prevalence of malocclusion among children of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveSystematic review and meta-analysis are of a great tool in assessment of malocclusion, which is major public health concern. This study aims to explore the prevalence of malocclusion among the children of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through a meta-analysis and systematic review.Materials and methodsRegistered with PROSPERO as CRD42020198427, an authentic and global scale database search using relevant MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms was performed. Literature search and articles screening done following PRISMA guidelines.For the dichotomous variables, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were set for statistical data analysis. The heterogeneity index between the studies was determined using indices Tau², Chi², df and I² and Test for overall effect as Z.ResultsA total of 7930 candidates were reported to have either one of the three malocclusions. Prevalence of Class I, Class II and Class III Malocclusions were found to be 66.51%, 17.70%, 15.79% respectively. Among the small subsample of these candidates, male children with Class I, Class II and Class III Malocclusion were 43.80%, 12.27% and 7.40% respectively whereas female children were 22.07%, 10.93 %, 3.52 % respectively.ConclusionsAccording to the 26 studies included in the systematic review, there were 72% of the candidates with malocclusion in Saudi Arabia. Prevalence of Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusion were 66.51%, 17.70%, and 15.79% respectively. In both male and female participants, the prevalence of Class I was the highest followed by class II and III malocclusion.     

The effect of overbite and overjet on clinical parameters of periodontal disease: A case control study

AimTo investigate the association of overjet and overbite with clinical parameters of periodontal disease.Material and methodsThe study was performed in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from March 2017 to March 2018. 600 Saudi males aged 20–30 years old were included. Participants were divided into three groups (n: 200) depending on the presence of overjet (OJ) or overbite (OB) and its relationship with periodontal disease. Periodontal parameters were assessed clinically and radiographically. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for any significant differences between groups. Tukey’s post hoc comparison test was used to evaluate correlations among parameters.ResultsOJ exceeding 8 mm was correlated with debris, calculus, and periodontal scores on mandibular anterior teeth, especially on the lingual surfaces.Both OJ and OB groups showed significantly increased PD, compared to that of the control group in measurement at the lingual (P = 0.004, 0.003) and proximal (P = 0.002, 0.002) surfaces of the lower anterior teeth. Finally, the CEJ-AB was statistically significantly higher in the OB group compared to the OJ and control groups (P = 0.091, 0.008).ConclusionThe present study found a correlation between OJ and OB and periodontal disease, as measured using specific parameters. This indicates that periodontal treatment may be insufficient unless the overjet or overbite is corrected.     

骨性Ⅱ类错 正畸正颌联合治疗前后软硬组织侧貌变化的线性相关分析

目的:通过对骨性Ⅱ类错 畸形患者正畸正颌联合治疗前后头颅定位侧位片指标的测量分析,探讨影响软组织侧貌的因素及贡献。 方法:选取40例骨性Ⅱ类错 畸形女性患者,对其正畸正颌联合治疗前后头颅定位侧位片进行测量分析,采用SPSS 24.0对治疗前后软硬组织的变化量进行线性回归分析。 结果:发现21组指标变化量间存在线性关系,其中软硬组织颏前点矢状向变化量呈极强相关性( r＝0.862, P<0.001),比率为0.935∶1;多元逐步后退回归分析显示上、下唇突点内收量分别与上、下中切牙内收量相关性更大等。 结论:骨性Ⅱ类错 畸形在正畸正颌联合治疗前后软组织移动量与硬组织移动量间存在着一定的线性比例关系,临床可根据患者诉求进行硬组织移动量的设计。