Identification of the medial femoral safe zone for drilling during dynamic hip screw side plate fixation: A CT angiogram tracing of the profunda femoris artery

Objectives

Iatrogenic injury of the Profunda Femoris Artery (PFA) at time of hip fixation surgery can increase morbidity and mortality and prolong the hospital stay. This is an injury that tends to pass unnoticed as a cause of postoperative deterioration despite being frequently reported in the literature. Our study aims to describe the anatomy of the PFA in relation to the medial femoral cortex with specific emphasis on its orientation relative to the position of a sliding hip screw side plate construct. By doing so we are able to present clear guidance to orthopaedic surgeons on how to avoid iatrogenic PFA injury at the time of hip fracture fixation.

踝关节骨折腓骨钢板的后方固定

目的：探讨踝关节骨折中腓骨钢板固定的位置。方法：2001年1月～2003年1月共手术治疗踝关节骨折患者75例，仅对其中随访资料完整的48例患者进行分析。随访10～24个月，平均15个月。采用Baird和Jackson的踝关节评分系统评定踝关节术后疗效。结果：所有的患者均取得了良好的骨折愈合。术后疗效为优24例，良17例，可5例，差2例。优良率为85、4％。结论：腓骨钢板的后方放置可以减少缝合时的张力，钢板有更好的软组织覆盖，钢板无须过多塑形，固定比较牢固。     

改良术式综合治疗陈旧性髌骨骨折

目的探讨陈旧性髌骨骨折的治疗方法。方法对11例陈旧性髌骨骨折进行回顾性总结,采用保留髌骨,切开复位,松解粘连,改良张力带钢丝或/和聚髌器坚强的内固定,术后配合CPM机康复锻炼。结果11例全部随访,随访0.5～4.5年,根据胥少汀等制定的评定标准,优4例,良5例,优良率81.8%。结论不做髌骨切除,松解粘连、良好的对位,坚强的内固定,早期配合应用CPM机进行功能锻炼,可取得满意的疗效。     

Visual fixation offsets affect both the initiation and the kinematic features of saccades

It is well known that the removal of a fixation point prior to the presentation of a peripheral target dramatically reduces saccadic reaction time (SRT). This effect has become known as the “gap effect”. The present study examined several detailed kinematic variables to determine whether the removal of the fixation point also affects the manner in which saccades are produced. The findings indicate that saccades that were initiated after the removal of the fixation point had higher average velocities and reached greater peak velocities, accelerations, and decelerations than did saccades produced in the presence of the fixation point. The results suggest that the removal of the fixation point may affect the force-time curves of saccades in addition to affecting the time needed to initiate the saccades. Received: 21 February 1997 / Accepted: 24 July 1997     

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: State of the Art

Abstract The rupture of the Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) belongs to the most common ligament injuries of the human knee joint. ACL rupture results in an increased anterior translation and internal rotation of the tibia. Untreated knee instability causes a disintegration of the roll and sliding movement and a high incidence of secondary meniscus and chondral damages with consecutive or advanced arthritic changes. For deciding on a conservative or operative therapy, it is necessary to develop a high-risk profile. Elderly, inactive patients without instability symptoms can be treated conservatively; younger, active people and complex ligament injuries should receive an ACL replacement. The goal is to eliminate instability by maintaining the physiological kinematics of the knee. Anterior cruciate ligament may be reconstructed arthroscopically assisted by autologous tendons. Predominantly, hamstring- and bone-patellar-tendon grafts are used. No significant differences in knee laxity, clinically and functionally, were observed between both grafts. Various reconstruction techniques, single- or double-bundle techniques, were described. Successful replacement depends on a correct tunnel placement and reconstruction of the physiological band tension, a sufficient mechanical stability of fixation, an impingement-free range of motion and an adequate rehabilitation. A high degree of patient satisfaction in clinical and functional outcome could be evaluated.     

Scofix系统治疗特发性脊柱侧弯18例

青少年特发性脊柱侧弯是临床上比较常见的一种脊柱畸形 ,自 1998年 4月 - 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,我们采用Scofix内固定加植骨融合术治疗 18例 ,经随访 1～3年 ,疗效满意 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料　　本组 18例 ,男 8例 ,女 10例 ;年龄 11～ 16岁 ,病程 4个月～ 12年。按照国际脊柱侧弯研究会推荐的King方法分型[1] :Ⅰ型 2例 ;Ⅱ型 4例 ;Ⅲ型 7例 ;Ⅳ型 5例。脊柱侧弯及旋转按Cobb角及More法定量评估并计算弹性指数 :Cobb角为 4 0°～ 70° ,平均 5 2° ;旋转 0°～ 3° ,平均 2° ;弹性指数 10 %～ 38% ,平均2 9 %。所有病例手术均一次完成。2…     

多色杀生固定法对保持中药原植物色泽的实验研究

目的：应用多色杀生固定法对42种不同色泽果实、种子的植物浸制标本制作的实验研究。结果：多色杀生固定液能较理想地保存42种实验材料、叶、果实、种子、果肉、花序等的原有色泽。该研究为浸制标本的制作开辟了广阔的发展前景。     

Is the grading of breast carcinomas affected by a delay in fixation?

Summary The effect of delay in fixation on the modified Bloom and Richardson grade of eight breast carcinomas was investigated. Topologically shuffled samples of each tumour were immersed in fixative at times of 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 18 and 24 h after surgical removal. The grade of each tumour was assessed at delays of 0.5 and 6 h. The tubule formation and nuclear pleomorphism components of the grade showed no change with a delay in fixation of 6 h. The number of mitotic figures declined by a mean of 53% over the same period and this resulted in a decrease in the histological grade of one of the tumours. The implications of these findings for the handling of breast specimens in a diagnostic histopathological laboratory are discussed.Some of these data were presented at the 162nd meeting of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland at Cambridge, 3 January 1991. Published as an abstract in J Pathol (1991) 163:154A     

髓内植骨加压钢板固定治疗下肢骨折不愈合

本文报告采用自体半侧腓骨髓内植骨、髂骨充填骨缺损区、梯型加压钢板固定的术式治疗21例下肢骨不愈合.随访6～49个月,疗效满意.通过动物实验证明,长节段自体皮质骨髓腔内移植后,6～12周血运恢复,12～24周与宿主骨愈合并被新骨取代.其固定作用由最初的单纯机械固定逐渐自然转变为生物性固定.     

鲁格氏棒横突固定法的实验研究和临床应用

取10具新鲜成年雄性家猪的脊柱标本,分两组观察鲁格氏棒经椎管行椎板固定和鲁格氏棒经横突椎板固定时,受破坏性屈曲力的数据,结果显示鲁格氏棒经椎管固定组在达1048.6（±20）N时,所固定的椎板发生骨折,部分钢丝断裂;鲁格氏棒经横突固定组达2058（±20）N时,仅发生棒弯曲,未发现任何部位骨折或钢丝断裂。临床治疗33例不稳定胸腰椎骨折脱位患者,术后X线片示骨折脱位复位满意,两周后患者可离床活动,随访2～2.5年未发现任何并发症。