Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities

In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided.     

Efficient polymer nanoparticle-mediated delivery of gene editing reagents into human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

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注射剂说明书中儿童用药信息标注情况与儿童用药风险分析

目的：调查注射剂药品说明书中关于儿童用药安全信息的标注情况，分析儿童用药风险。方法：统计我院141份常用注射剂说明书，分析儿童用药安全信息标注情况。结果：儿童专用药品说明书4份，占2.8%。国产药和外资药儿童临床试验数据和儿童药代动力学的数据标注率分别为4.7%、40.0%和11.3%、34.3%，儿童用法用量标注率分别为51.9%、68.6%，外资药高于国产药；抗感染类药物说明书儿童临床试验项、儿童药代动力学项标注率分别为29.4%、37.3%，明显高于其他类别。限制级抗菌药物的儿童临床试验项、儿童药代动力学项标注率分别为77.8%、77.8%，明显高于其他类别。外资西药和国产西药的儿童临床试验项、儿童药代动力学项标注率分别为40.0%、34.3%和4.9%、11.8%，西药高于中成药。儿童专用药品未出现儿童用药安全信息的标注缺失情况；非儿童专用药品的儿童用法用量项、儿童药代动力学项标注率分别为54.7%和17.5%，非儿童专用药品标注率低于儿童专用药品。部分国产西药与外资西药说明书儿童用药项存在差异。结论：注射剂中儿童专用药品较少，非儿童专用药品中儿童用药安全信息标注不充分，儿童用药存在风险隐患     

复方倍他米松注射液联合泛昔洛韦胶囊、普瑞巴林胶囊治疗带状疱疹的临床疗效观察

目的 对复方倍他米松注射液联合泛昔洛韦胶囊、普瑞巴林胶囊治疗带状疱疹的临床疗效进行观察并探讨。方法 选取2018 年1 月～2019 年12 月我院收治的118 例带状疱疹患者为研究对象，采用随机抽签的方式将患者分为对照组（泛昔洛韦胶囊+普瑞巴林胶囊+甲钴胺片+维生素B1 片）与观察组（联合复方倍他米松注射液），比较两组治疗总有效率、VAS 评分、QS 评分、C 反应蛋白、无新发皮疹时间、结痂时间及疼痛停止时间、随访2 个月后带状疱疹后遗神经痛发生率以及不良反应发生率。结果 观察组与对照组治疗总有效率分别为94.92%及76.27%，组间对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；治疗后，观察组VAS 评分显著低于对照组；观察组QS 评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）；治疗后，观察组C 反应蛋白显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组无新发皮疹时间、结痂时间及疼痛停止时间分别显著短于对照组（P＜0.05）；随访2 个月后，发现观察组带状疱疹后遗神经痛发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组不良反应发生与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 复方倍他米松注射液联合泛昔洛韦胶囊、普瑞巴林胶囊治疗带状疱疹不仅效果好且安全性高，值得使用。     

利用聚多巴胺制备丹参注射液缓释制剂的研究

目的:利用聚多巴胺(PDA)对丹参注射液中多成分进行负载,构建丹参注射液(SMI)缓释制剂(PDA-SMI)。方法:建立丹参注射液的原儿茶醛、迷迭香酸和丹酚酸B3种成分的分析方法并进行含量测定;制备PDA,在pH值2.5的条件下对SMI进行负载,制备PDA-SMI;对PDA-SMI体外释放行为进行考察。结果:SMI中原儿茶醛、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B的浓度分别为0.344、0.214、0.262 mg/mL;PDA-SMI对原儿茶醛、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B的载药量分别为8.59%,15.90%和20.57%;PDA-SMI中原儿茶醛、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B体外累计释放率分别为84.05%,77.57%和63.12%。结论:PDA可以负载SMI的多种成分,载药量较高,并具有良好的缓释效应。     

PBL结合绘图教学模式在胰腺癌患者肝素钠皮下注射临床教学中的作用

[摘要]目的探讨问题导向学习(PBL)结合绘图教学模式在临床护理带教中的应用效果。方法纳入2016年6月~2017年6月在我院实习的本科护生78名,按等比例随机分为观察组和対照组,观察组采取PBL结合绘图学模式法,对照组采用单纯PBL教学模式,利用统计学方法按照参考指标对两组实习生的考核数据进行对比分。结果观察组理论知识得分明显大于对照组[(90.31±4.55)分vs.(81.30±5.69)分],观察组临床实践技能得分明显大于对照组[(92.21±4.18)分vs.(80.31±5.39)分],差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论PBL结合绘图教学模式临床护理带教中效果显著,比单纯PBL教学模式更具有优势,更有利于培养学生的循证思维与创新能力,提高临护理教学质量,在临床护理带教中值得推广。