腓肠肌腱膜皮瓣修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂

<正>2005年1月~2013年1月,我科采用腓肠肌腱膜皮瓣翻转修补术治疗26例陈旧性跟腱断裂患者,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组26例,男22例,女4例,年龄18~45岁。患者均有提踵无力及跛行,其中Thompson试验阳性24例。跟腱断裂位置均靠近中段,缺损长3~7 cm。均为陈旧性跟腱断裂,受伤至手术时间5~12周。1.2手术方法连续硬膜外麻醉。跟腱稍偏外侧缘切口入路,显露断裂跟腱及腓肠肌下端。完整切除跟腱坏死瘢痕组织,用可吸收0号爱惜康缝线于断端近侧以上约0.5 cm处水平褥式缝合,从     

The effects of strength,aerobic, and concurrent exercise on skeletal muscle damage in rats

Introduction: In this study we examined oxidative stress and skeletal muscle damage resulting from acute strength, aerobic, or concurrent exercise in rats. Methods: The animals were divided into control (C), strength (SE), aerobic (AE), and combined (CE) exercise groups. They were euthanized at 3 different time‐points (6, 24, and 48 h) after acute exercise. Results: SE exercise rats had increased dichlorofluorescein oxidation at 6 h post‐exercise and decreased superoxide dismutase activity at all time‐points. Glutathione peroxidase activity and sulfhydryl levels were increased in the AE group at 48 h post‐exercise. Serum lactate dehydrogenase activity was increased in the SE and CE groups at 24 h and in the AE group at 48 h. Echo intensity was elevated at 24 h for all groups. Conclusions: Forty‐eight hours was sufficient for complete recovery from oxidative stress and muscle damage in the SE and CE groups, but not in the AE group. Muscle Nerve 50 : 79–86, 2014     

Clinical and radiological outcomes of concomitant endoscopic gastrocnemius release with scarf osteotomy

Background

Studies showed patients with hallux valgus also have tight gastrocnemius concomitantly. This study aims to investigate (1) prevalence of tight gastrocnemius in symptomatic hallux valgus (2) clinical and radiological outcomes of concomitant endoscopic gastrocnemius release with scarf osteotomy.

Neuromuscular adaptations in older males and females with knee osteoarthritis during weight-bearing force control

Background

Females exhibit significantly greater incidence, prevalence, and severity of osteoarthritis (OA) compared to males. Despite known biological, morphological, and functional differences between males and females, there has been little sex-related investigation into sex-specific biomechanical and neuromuscular responses to OA.

Longitudinal evaluation of local muscle conditions in a rat model of gastrocnemius muscle injury using an in vivo imaging system

This study aimed to evaluate the time course of local changes during the acute phase of gastrocnemius muscle strain, in a rat model, using an in vivo imaging system. Thirty‐eight, 8‐week‐old Sprague‐Dawley male rats were used in our study. Experimental injury of the right gastrocnemius muscle was achieved using the drop‐mass method. After inducing muscle injury, a liposomally formulated indocyanine green derivative (LP‐iDOPE, 7 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. We evaluated the muscle injuries using in vivo imaging, histological examinations, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The fluorescence peaked approximately 18 h after the injury, and decreased thereafter. Histological examinations revealed that repair of the injured tissue occurred between 18 and 24 h after injury. Quantitative analyses for various cytokines demonstrated significant elevations of interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α at 3 and 18 h post‐injury, respectively. The time course of fluorescence intensity, measured using in vivo imaging, demonstrated that the changes in cytokine levels and histopathologic characteristics were consistent. Specifically, these changes reached peaked 18 h post‐injury, followed by trends toward recovery. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1034–1038, 2015.     

Effect of an Endoprosthetic Reconstruction Tube and Medial Gastrocnemius Flap on Extensor Mechanism Function After Oncologic Prosthesis Reconstruction of the Proximal Tibia

BackgroundExtensor mechanism reconstruction after the proximal tibial resection and implantation of a megaprosthesis is challenging. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the Trevira tube and medial gastrocnemius flap in restoring extensor mechanism following the resection of proximal tibial tumor and implantation of megaprosthesis.MethodsForty patients who underwent endoprosthetic implantation following the resection of proximal tibial tumor and patellar tendon reconstruction with the Trevira tube and medial gastrocnemius flap were included. The outcome measures were knee range of motion, extensor mechanism function, patellar position, and limb function subjectively evaluated through Toronto Extremity Salvage Score and objectively through Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score. The mean follow-up of the patients was 6.1 years.ResultsThe patellar position was normal in 28 (70%) patients, patella baja in 3 (7.5%) patients, and patella alta in 9 (22.5%) patients. The mean active knee range of motion was 98.9 ± 17° (range: 85°-125°). Extension lag was present in 7 (17.5%) patients (range: 5°-20°). The mean Toronto Extremity Salvage Score of patients was 92.1 ± 6.9% (range: 85-100). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score of the patients was 87.7 ± 13 (range: 73.3-100). Postoperative complications included aseptic wound dehiscence (2 patients), aseptic loosening of the tibial component (1 patient), periprosthetic fracture in the femur (2 patients), and wound infection (1 patient).ConclusionTrevira tube combined with gastrocnemius flap augmentation is a suitable procedure for restoring extensor mechanism after proximal tibial resection and megaprosthesis implantation.     

内侧腓肠肌肌(皮)瓣在小腿近端恶性肿瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨采用内侧腓肠肌肌(皮)瓣修复小腿近端恶性肿瘤切除后缺损的方法及临床疗效。方法自2015年10月至2019年1月,对6例小腿近端恶性肿瘤切除后的胫前软组织缺损患者分别采用内侧腓肠肌肌(皮)瓣转移修复、内侧腓肠肌肌瓣转移联合人工网状补片重建伸膝功能,并于术后3个月对切口的愈合情况、肢体功能以及肿瘤控制情况进行评价。结果本组共6例患者,术后获随访11~34个月,平均(13.3±3.2)个月。5例切口一期愈合(占83.3%);1例皮瓣边缘发生部分坏死,经换药后愈合。1例于术后12个月因肿瘤肺转移而死亡;1例于术后3个月时肿瘤局部复发接受了二次手术治疗;其余4例肿瘤无复发,效果较满意。患者术后3个月MSTS评分为17~29分,平均(26.2±4.8)分;评定下肢功能的优良率为83.3%(5/6)。结论采用内侧腓肠肌肌(皮)瓣转移修复小腿近端恶性肿瘤切除后的软组织缺损,以及联合人工网状补片行伸膝功能重建,其方法简单易行,可获得较满意的临床效果。     

Proximal medial gastrocnemius release: Muscle strength evaluation

BackgroundContracture of the gastrocnemius has been associated with different foot and ankle pathologies. The present study’s aim is to evaluate the effect of the proximal medial gastrocnemius release (PMGR) in triceps surae strength.MethodsProspective study with 14 patients (12 women; mean age 52 years). Inclusion criteria were patients undergoing PMGR due to forefoot and/or hindfoot injury with medial gastrocnemius contracture that has not improved with physical therapy. Isometric and isokinetic force evaluation tests with an isokinetic dynamometer (Con-Trex) were performed preoperatively, at 6 and 12 months postoperative, of both limbs.ResultsAfter isokinetic assessment, the statistically significant difference in the preoperative isometric strength of the triceps between the two ankles was confirmed, being stronger the asymptomatic limb. An improvement in the triceps strength in isokinetics was observed at 60°/s at 6 months after surgery (p = 0.008), that was maintained after one year (p = 0.05). No differences were observed at 120°/sec speed.ConclusionPatients with gastrocnemius contracture present a decrease in isometric force with respect to the asymptomatic limb preoperatively. There is an improvement in isokinetic strength after 6 months postoperatively.     

Soleus and lateral gastrocnemius H‐reflexes during standing with unstable footwear

Introduction: Unstable footwear has been shown to increase lower extremity muscle activity, but the reflex response to perturbations induced by this intervention is unknown. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects stood in stable and unstable footwear conditions (presented randomly) while H‐reflex amplitude and background muscle activity were measured in the soleus and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles. Results: Wearing unstable footwear resulted in larger H‐reflexes (normalized to the maximal M‐wave) for the LG (+12%; P = 0.025), but not for the soleus (+4%; P > 0.05). Background activity of both muscles was significantly higher in the unstable condition. Conclusions: The H‐reflex facilitation observed with unstable footwear was unexpected, as challenging postural conditions usually result in reflex depression. Increased muscle activity, decreased presynaptic inhibition, and/or more forward postural position may have (over‐)compensated the expected reflex depression. Differences between LG and soleus H‐reflex modulation may be due to diverging motor unit recruitment thresholds. Muscle Nerve 51 :764–766, 2015