Navigating nursing curriculum change during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-synthesis

AimTo consolidate the evidence around the experiences of nursing undergraduates and faculty members navigating through remote and online education during the COVID-19 pandemic.BackgroundThe Coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus (COVID-19) has placed massive pressure on healthcare, economic and education systems globally. Restrictive social distancing policies and public health measures necessitated educational institutions to switch from face-to-face to remote and online education to sustain the learning process. These changes have created an uncertain path and undue stress for healthcare learners and faculty, especially for professional roles that traditionally require more hands-on and access to clinical practice particularly pre-licensure nursing students. As such, there is an urgent need to consolidate evidence on the experiences of nursing undergraduates and faculty members as they navigate the rapid transition from face-to-face to remote and online education to ensure continuity of learning in achieving optimal learning outcomes and to support them during current and future public health crises.DesignA systematic review and meta-synthesis of the qualitative literature was undertaken using Sandelowski and Barroso’s approach.MethodsSix electronic databases, CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus, were searched systematically using the eligibility criteria from December 2019 to September 2022. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist for qualitative studies was used to conduct the critical appraisal of the selected articles.ResultsForty-seven studies were included in this review, which encapsulates the experiences of 3052 undergraduates and 241 faculty members. An overarching meta-theme ‘Remote and online education: a rollercoaster ride’, emerged along with three main meta-themes: (1) Transition to remote and online education: A turbulent road, (2) Acceptance of the untravelled road, (3) Hopes and recommendations for the road ahead.ConclusionTo improve nursing undergraduates’ and faculty member’s navigation of remote and online education, more institutions should move towards establishing hybrid education as the new ‘normal’ and exercise prudence in the organisation and delivery of curriculum, teaching, well-being and clinical attachment contingencies of their healthcare courses.     

基于核心能力的临床医学专业研究生课程体系建设研究

临床医学专业研究生课程体系是培养研究生过程中极为重要的环节，课程是实现教育教学目标的关键载体和平台。目前，我国对于临床医学教育提出了创新改革课程体系的具体要求。2019年我国教育部发布了《教育部卫生部关于加强医学教育工作提高医学教育质量的若干意见》，表示各大医学高校要“积极全面开展课程体系革新，使得医学知识与自然科学和人文科学知识的融合”。突出学生的教学主体性，创建学生为中心的专业教学模式，大力促进教学方法的创新和实践，强化学生综合知识能力、创新意识以及批判性思维的培养和锻炼。本文对基于核心能力的临床医学专业研究生课程体系建设进行研究，并提出具体的建设策略，以期为我国临床医学专业研究生培养提供有价值的参考建议。     

农村老年人老化期望现状及影响因素研究

目的 了解农村老年人的老化期望现状，分析其影响因素，为针对干预提供参考。 方法 采用一般资料调查表、UCLA孤独感量表简化版、老化期望量表、简版自我感知老化量表对199名农村老年人进行问卷调查。 结果 老化期望总分为32.72±9.18，孤独感得分为15.11±3.82，自我感知老化得分为52.75±2.76；多元线性回归分析显示，性别、婚姻状况、患慢性病种数、独居、孤独感、自我感知老化及经济来源是农村老年人老化期望的影响因素（调整R2=0.612，均P＜0.05）。 结论 农村老年人的老化期望水平较低，女性、孤独、无配偶、患慢性病较多、老化态度消极及低收入人群是关注的重点。     

我国高等医学院校医学人才培养体制现状调查与分析

目的  为了遵循医学人才培养规律，规范医学人才培养体制，提高医学人才培养质量，探索符合我国实际需求的医学人才培养模式。方法  采用问卷调查法对全国140所高等医学院校进行调查，并对相关调查结果进行分析。结果  ①86.96%的高校对统一规范为“5+3”一体化为主体，同时参加住院医师规范化培训，毕业合格者授予医学博士（MD）学位表示赞成。②76.80%的高校对将“5+3”一体化作为培养全科医生主要渠道的医学博士培养体系表示赞成。③90.40%的高校对通过“5+3+X”一贯制培养授予MD+PhD项目，培养复合型高水平临床医学人才表示赞成。④84.80%的高校对医学学位授予与专科医师规范化培训相脱离，后者应纳入职业培训范畴表示赞成。结论  全面推进落实“5+3”为主体的高素质临床医学相关人才培养模式，将培养目标定位为以满足社会需求的高水平全科医生为主体，加快高层次复合型医学人才的培养体系建设。     

Relationship between rosacea and dietary factors: A multicenter retrospective case–control survey

Although patients with rosacea often consult dermatologists for dietary factors that might be related to their skin disorders, few studies have been conducted to research the relationship between rosacea and dietary factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between rosacea and diet among the large Chinese population with rosacea, which would provide dietary guidelines for patients with rosacea. A multicenter case–control study was conducted. The feeding frequency 2 years before the occurrence of rosacea was collected by standardized questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate risks related to the diet. One thousand three hundred and forty‐seven patients with rosacea and 1290 controls were enrolled in our study. We found that high‐frequency intake of fatty food and tea presented a positive correlation with rosacea, while high‐frequency dairy product intake showed significant negative correlation with rosacea. Sweet food, coffee and spicy food appeared to be independent of any subset of rosacea in our study. However, high‐frequency dairy product intake showed a borderline beneficial effect on rosacea severity. We further analyzed the correlation between diet and the subtype of rosacea. We found that high‐frequency fatty intake was associated with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) and phymatous rosacea, while high‐frequency tea intake was only associated with ETR. In addition, high‐frequency dairy product intake showed negative correlations with ETR and papulopustular rosacea. Rosacea is associated with some dietary factors, and our study is valuable in establishing dietary guidelines to prevent and improve rosacea.     

A survey of robotic surgery training curricula in general surgery residency programs: How close are we to a standardized curriculum?

Background

Robotic surgery is increasingly adopted into surgical practice, but it remains unclear what level of robotic training general surgery residents receive. The purpose of our study was to assess the variation in robotic surgery training amongst general surgery residency programs in the United States.

地方医学院校课程质量监控体系的构建探索

基于国家深化高等院校课程建设的新时代视域，提升课程质量成为高校教育教学发展的重要任务。地方医学院校作为基层卫生人才的培养摇篮，构建科学合理的课程质量监控体系愈发迫切。本文分析了我国高等院校课程质量监控体系存在的问题，结合地方医学院校办学特点和广州医科大学工作实践，探索构建了集“多样化监控方法、全维度监控指标、闭环式反馈机制、多层级文化建设”为一体的课程质量监控体系，为同类院校提供实际参考。     

阴虚体质理论与科学实证

阴虚体质以虚热表现为特征,在偏颇体质中位列第4。从形成原因、生理及心理特征、在人群中的分布规律、发病倾向、调体方药等方面,结合近10年来在阴虚体质方面的研究成果作为实证依据,对阴虚体质的理论进行梳理。发现了阴虚体质研究中的优势与不足,为进一步开展阴虚体质相关研究提供参考。     

预防医学专业本科生对实施导师制的需求调查

目的了解预防医学专业本科生对导师制的需求情况,从而为预防医学本科生导师制的有效实施提供信息依据。方法采用问卷调查法对内蒙古医科大学304名大一至大五年级预防医学专业本科生进行调查,并进行相关统计分析。结果本科生对导师制的需求比例为80.3%,对本科生导师制了解较多的学生比例仅为17.4%;86.5%的学生希望在课程学业及考研方面获得导师的指导,90.1%的学生对导师指导内容的需求为科研及其他实践能力方面的锻炼。结论预防医学专业本科生对导师制需求较高但了解较少,学生对自身能力提升的需求是多方面的。为保障本科生导师制的有效实施,应加大本科生导师制的宣传力度,并从学生实际需求出发制定导师制实施方案,并重视相关保障制度的制定。