妊娠对大鼠吸入性全麻药血/气分配系数和组织/气分配系数的影响

目的 观察妊娠对大鼠吸人性全麻药血，气分配系数及组织，气分配系数的影响。方法 健康成年（3月龄）雌性妊娠（妊娠18—22d）和非妊娠SD大鼠各10只，分别为妊娠组和非妊娠组。腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠40mg／kg麻醉，经腹主动脉抽血用于测血，气分配系数，放血处死后，分别取心、肝、肾及脑组织并制成匀浆，采用注射器顶空二次平衡法经气相色谱仪测定七氟醚、异氟醚和氟烷的血，气分配系数及组织，气分配系数。结果与非妊娠组相比，妊娠组氟烷的血，气分配系数和脑，气分配系数降低（P〈0．05），七氟醚、异氟醚的血，气分配系数、肝，气分配系数、肾，气分配系数、心，气分配系数差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 妊娠降低大鼠氟烷的血，气配系数和脑，气分配系数，但不影响七氟醚和异氟醚的血，气分配系数和组织，气分配系数。     

噬菌体基因组PaP1的鸟枪法测序及其生物信息学分析

目的对分离的铜绿假单胞菌噬菌体PaP1进行全基因组测序，并进行初步的生物信息学分析，为噬菌体的改造及其治疗奠定基础。方法采用鸟枪法随机测序和重叠群组装的策略对PaP1进行基因组测序，并通过EditSeq、开放读码框架（ORF）finder、GeneMark^TM、BPROM、FindTerm、Palindromes、Equicktandem及FAStRNA等软件对所获得的基因组序列的一般特征、蛋白质同源性序列及tRNA基因等进行分析和预测。结果PaP1基因组约为90000bp，其中最大重叠群为28249bp。在已获得序列中预测出120个ORFs、41个推定基因及9个簇集在5’末端的tRNA基因。在41个推定基因中，预测出编码DNA末端酶大亚单位、DNA解旋酶B亚单位、肽聚糖结合蛋白及3个尾丝蛋白等6个基因的功能。结论鸟枪法只能测出噬菌体基因组PaP1的部分序列，重复序列的存在是该基因组测序困难的原因。     

Improvement in the Appearance of Wrinkles with Topical Transforming Growth Factor β1 and l-Ascorbic Acid

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Facial rhytides are a common cosmetic concern. Surgical treatment effects dramatic improvement; however, the associated risk and cost may be prohibitive. Recent focus is on developing topical products containing biologically active ingredients for at-home therapy. Our study examines the effects of a topical cream containing transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)), l-ascorbic acid, and Cimicifuga racemosa extract (CRS) (Topix Pharmaceuticals, North Amityville, NY, USA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the first arm of the study, 12 subjects were randomized to apply CRS to the left or right side of their face and a cream containing l-ascorbic acid and C. racemosa in silicone base (vitamin C [Vit C]) to the contralateral side twice daily for 3 months. In the second arm of the study, 20 subjects were randomized to apply CRS to the left or right side of their face and Tissue Nutrient Solution Recovery Complex (TNS) (SkinMedica, Carlsbad, CA, USA), a product containing a variety of growth factors including VEGF, PDGF-A, G-CSF, HGF, IL-6, IL-8, and TGF-beta(1) (Nouricel-MD) without l-ascorbic acid, C. racemosa extract, or silicone base, to the contralateral side of their face twice daily for 3 months. Digital photographs were scored by study-blinded physicians, and self-assessments were completed by all subjects at baseline and at the conclusion of the protocol. RESULTS: CRS and TNS were well tolerated, and all subjects completed the 3-month protocol for the CRS versus Vit C arm of the study. Physicians rated success in facial wrinkling scores on the CRS-treated side of the face for 27 of 31 subjects. Responders showed, on average, 21.7% improvement in physician-rated wrinkle scores. The mean improvement in the group of 31 patients as a whole was 12%. Eighteen of 31 subjects reported a noticeable improvement on their CRS-treated side. Both CRS and TNS demonstrate significant success between baseline and 3-month scores, and both growth factor products are superior to Vit C. Patients preferred CRS over TNS. CONCLUSION: CRS is effective in minimizing the appearance of facial rhytides. The success of the CRS product is largely attributable to the incorporation of TGF-beta(1).     

New scoring matrix for amino acid residue exchanges based on residue characteristic physical parameters

Based on residue characteristic physical parameters, a new scoring matrix, called EMPAR, for amino acid exchanges in proteins was obtained. When comparing protein sequences for detecting homologies, the use of this matrix in place of the Dayhoff log-odds matrix yields results that reflect the topological similarities in the proteins. The use of EMPAR is equivalent to the parametric correlation coefficient approach of Ooi and his colleagues. This matrix correlates at 0.63 with the Dayhoff matrix.     

MR频谱检测乳酸的脉冲序列优化研究

目的通过改变一系列脉冲序列参数，以利于乳酸的最佳检测与定量分析。方法制作含乳酸玻璃模型。改变一系列的MR脉冲序列参数，应用点解析频谱序列(point resolved spectroscopy，PRESS)和激励回波序列(stimulated echo acquisition，STEAM)获得乳酸模型的相应频谱。另外，对12例脑病变患者和2例健康志愿者进行磁共振频谱检查，测量出每个波峰的峰高，并绘出序列变化曲线图。结果STEAM各波峰的峰向与PRESS序列一致，但STEAM各峰高均低于同等条件的PRESS峰。随着TE时间的延长，用乳酸模型测出的乳酸峰的峰高一序列曲线图呈波浪状变化，正向双峰在TE=26、270ms时共振波幅达到最大绝对值，负向双峰在TE=135～160ms之间达到最大绝对值。脑病变患者和健康志愿者的扫描结果表明，乳酸峰在优化的序列高于非优化的序列。结论优化的脉冲序列更有利于乳酸的检测与定量分析。     

外源性p53对Wnt通路抑制因子Dickkopf-1的表达作用

目的研究外源性p53对W nt通路抑制因子D ickkopf-1(DKK-1)的表达作用。方法将携带p53基因的复制缺陷型腺病毒载体(Adp53)导入到p53完全缺失的人肝癌细胞株Hep3B中,并以p53反以寡核苷酸阻断p53阳性细胞p53的表达,以W nt通路的关键因子-βcaten in的改变为功能指标评价W nt通路的变化。以RT-PCR技术检测W nt通路抑制因子DKK-1表达的调节作用,以流式细胞术检测Adp53的转基因情况,肝癌细胞中p53和β-caten in的表达。结果DKK-1mRNA水平在转染Adp53 20 h后即有明显升高,32 h达最高水平,随后逐渐降低。β-caten in表达水平随着转染时间和转染剂量的增加,阳性细胞百分比强度和平均荧光量强度表达水平逐渐下降。以p53反以寡核苷酸阻断p53阳性细胞p53表达后,抑制剂DKK-1的表达逐渐降低,-βcaten in表达水平逐渐增加。结论外源性p53能明显诱导W nt通路抑制剂DKK-1的表达,进而产生抑制W nt通路的作用。     

Goldenhar 综合征家系的临床表型和遗传学分析

目的分析1组Goldenhar综合征家系的临床表现及遗传学特征。方法我们随访到1组4代33人的Goldenhar综合征家系，对目前存活的29人进行了临床表型和遗传学的初步分析。结果家系内有Goldenhaar综合征患者5人．临床表现具高度多样性，累及眼、耳、脊柱、颜面、口腔等多个器官和系统的发育不良，在遗传方式上属于常染色体显性遗传。从细胞遗传学水平对家系中成员进行染色体检查，未发现核型异常。结论该Goldenhar综合征家系属常染色体显性遗传，染色体检查未发现核型异常。     

罕见外周血中单个染色体畸变临床特征及遗传学分析

目的：探讨外周血中单个染色体畸变的主要，临床特征及其遗传学分析。方法：采用外周血常规培养法，培养72h后收获制片。G式显带，读片及染色体核型分析，以每30，60，200个分裂相中找到1～2个异常染色体核型作为单个染色体畸变的诊断标准。结果：52例外用血单个染色体畸变的，临床主要特征包括①自然流产；②性发育异常；③生育疾患；④病残者。结论：外周血中的单个染色体畸变应归属染色体疾患的范畴。这种染色体的个体生育后代时应做产前诊断。     

小儿急性肺损伤的短期肺功能随访

Objective To study the pulmonary functions of pediatric ALI/ARDS(acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome) survivors. Method A prospective cohort study of all survivors of ALI/ARDS in the PICU of Beijing Children's Hospital was performed. Patients were divided into three groups(0-3 years of age,3 ～ 7 years of age, and over 7 years of age) and followed up three months after diagnosis. Results There were 36 survivors in total of 44 ALl patients, three patients lost follow-up, 12 died and 21 survived. Five survivors refused to participate in the study because of asymptomatic, and one was unable to participate because of lymphoma com-bined with sepsis. A total of 15 children completed the whole survey (11 patients were less than 3 years old, andfour were over 7 years of age). Twelve patients had no discomfort in their respiratory tracts. Three months after be-ing enrolled, the pulmonary functions of all children improved, especially in terms of tidal volume and respiratory compliance (P<0.05). Conclusions The abnormal respiratory symptoms and signs in most children disap-peared three months after discharge. Most survivors still have pulmonary dysfunction at 3 monthes after discharge, but better than discharge.     

血管紧张素系统基因多态性和原发性肾病综合征的关系研究进展

肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)是人体内调节血压、水电解质平衡的重要系统之一,在肾脏疾病的发生和发展中占重要地位.近年来随着分子生物学等研究手段的成熟和深入,一些研究结果显示:RAS基因多态性与肾病综合征的易患性、激素疗效、疾病复发、病理进展及预后有明显相关性.探讨它们之间关系已成为肾脏病领域中新的研究热点.该文将对近年来涉及到RAS基因中三个主要基因:血管紧张素原、血管紧张素转换酶、血管紧张素Ⅱ受体1基因多态性与肾病综合征的相关性研究进行综述.