灵芝蒜颗粒对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的:研究灵芝蒜颗粒(LZS)对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:将60只昆明种小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、LZS(高、中、低剂量)组和联苯双酯组,给药15 d,空白组和模型组小鼠灌胃给予生理盐水,其余各组一次性灌胃给予50%乙醇12 mL/kg,处死小鼠采集血液样品和肝组织样品,检测血清转氨酶、甘油三酯含量及肝组织丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,并进行病理组织学观察。结果:与模型组比较,灵芝蒜各剂量组GSH含量降低(P<0.01),其中高剂量组ALT、AST、TG、MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);病理切片表明灵芝蒜颗粒各剂量组肝组织损伤有不同程度减轻。结论:灵芝蒜颗粒对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤有良好的治疗和保护作用。     

1546例乙型肝炎患者血清HBV-M、HBVDNA、肝功能检测结果分析

目的探讨乙型肝炎患者血清病毒复制指标（HBVDNA）与乙肝标志物及肝功能关系。方法对1546例乙肝患者分别用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR法）检测血清样本中HBVDNA载量,酶联免疫吸附法测定血清中HBV-M,并同步检测肝功能。首先按HBV-M结果分组探讨与HBVDNA载量关系,再按HBVDNA载量高低分组探讨病毒载量与肝功能关系。结果大三阳组HBVDNA载量及阳性率显著高于其他各组（P〈0.01）,ALT水平随HBVDNA病毒载量升高而升高,AST水平在无病毒载量与有病毒载量组间存在显著性差异,并不随病毒载量的升高而升高,CHE水平与病毒载量高低无关。结论 HBeAg与HBVDNA载量关系密切,HBeAg阴转不表示病毒停止复制,HBVDNA可反映HBV在外周血的复制情况,并不能反映肝脏损伤程度及预后。     

HCY与非酒精性脂肪性肝病相关性的研究

目的 测定非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者及对照组血浆同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,Hcy)、ALT、AST水平,研究Hcy与后两指标的相关性.方法 比较非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)30例,非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝(NAFL)30例,健康对照(Healthy controls,HC)30例患者各组间HCY、ALT、AST水平的相关性.采用SPSS13.0统计软件包进行统计分析.结果 NASH血清Hcy水平较NAFL、CG均升高且有统计学意义.NAFL组血清Hcy水平较CG升高且有统计学意义.结论 检测HCY作为筛查,NAFLD在常规临床诊断中的阳性率可能提高.     

Performance evaluation of the Becton Dickinson Kiestra™ IdentifA/SusceptA

ObjectivesNew automated modules are required to provide fully automated solutions in diagnostic microbiology laboratories. We evaluated the performance of a Becton Dickinson Kiestra™ IdentifA/SusceptA prototype for MALDI-TOF identification (ID) and Phoenix™ antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST).MethodsThe performance of the IdentifA/SusceptA coupled prototype was compared with manual processing for MALDI-TOF ID on 1302 clinical microbial isolates or ATCC strains and for Phoenix™ M50 AST on 484 strains, representing 61 species.ResultsOverall, the IdentifA exhibited similar ID performances than manual spotting. Higher performances were observed for Gram-negative bacteria with an ID at the species level (score >2) of 96.5% (369/382) and 86.9% (334/384), respectively. A significantly better performance was observed with the IdentifA (95.2%, 81/85) compared with manual spotting (75.2%, 64/85) from colonies on MacConkey agar. Contrariwise, the IdentifA exhibited lower ID performances at the species level than manual processing for streptococci (76.1%, 96/126 compared with 92%, 115/125), coagulase-negative staphylococci (73.3%, 44/60 compared with 90%, 54/60) and yeasts (41.3%, 19/46 compared with 78.2%, 36/46). Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci were similarly identified by the two approaches, with ID rates of 92% (65/70) for the IdentifA and 92.7%, (64/69) for manual processing and 94.8%, (55/58) for the IdentifA and 98.2%, (57/58) for manual processing, respectively. The SusceptA exhibited an AST overall essential agreement of 98.82% (6863/6945), a category agreement of 98.86% (6866/6945), 1.05% (6/570) very major errors, 0.16% (10/6290) major errors, and 0.91% (63/6945) minor errors compared to the reference AST.ConclusionsOverall, the automated IdentifA/SusceptA exhibited high ID and AST performances.     

Once Daily Calcineurin Inhibitor Monotherapy in Pediatric Liver Transplantation

This report describes a group of pediatric liver transplant recipients who have undergone once daily calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) monotherapy at Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, between January 1, 2001 and November 30, 2008. We defined success as normal liver enzymes at 1 year after dose change, with normal enzymes throughout all follow‐up. Patients who did not meet the set criteria or had lost an organ to chronic rejection were not considered for this therapeutic strategy. There were 147 patients in our organ transplant tracking record (OTTR) who were ≥ 5 years post liver transplant. Of these, 56 underwent reduced dose, once daily CNI monotherapy. Patients who met the set criteria were placed on once daily calcineurin inhibitor at half their previous dose. Fifty patients successfully achieved this dose change, while six patients failed at a mean of 3.7 ± 3.2 months following the dosing change. The mean interval from transplant was significantly longer in those patients who were successful compared to those who failed dose change (p < 0.05). Importantly, there have been no graft losses. Reduced dose, once daily CNI monotherapy is safe in carefully selected recipients, with a longer interval post liver transplantation increasing the likelihood of success.     

cTnI、AST及CK在鉴别诊断大鼠骨骼肌与心肌损伤应用价值的比较

目的:探讨心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI,cTnI)在鉴别诊断大鼠骨骼肌与心肌损伤应用价值.方法:选取32只SD大鼠随机分为四组,心肌损伤组,单次背部皮下注射异丙肾上腺素;骨骼肌损伤组,单次单侧胫骨肌注射布比卡因;联合损伤组,单次单侧胫骨肌注射布比卡因及背部皮下异丙肾上腺素.正常对照组,不给予任何药物.予给药后24 h,检测血清AST,CK及cTnI,常规HE染色观察骨骼肌和心肌受损情况.结果:心肌损伤组和联合损伤组血清cTnI均显著高于正常对照组和骨骼肌损伤组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而联合损伤组和心肌损伤组AST与骨骼肌损伤组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),心肌损伤组CK与骨骼肌损伤组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:cTnI在鉴别大鼠心肌及骨骼肌损伤上较AST、CK有较高的敏感性,并且在一定程度上能够降低误诊及漏诊率.     

肝硬化PLT计数与AST/ALT比值的关联性

目的 探讨肝硬化PLT计数与AST/ALT比值的关系.方法 分析96例肝硬化患者PLT计数与AST/ALT比值的相关性,应用Fisher逐步判别分析比较单独及联合应用二者对患者预后预测的准确性.同时应用受试者工作特性曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）对其在肝硬化中的应用价值进行评价.结果 PLT计数与AST/ALT比值呈显著负相关（r=-0.86,P〈0.01）,ROC曲线下1/PLT与AST/ALT的面积分别为0.78、0.81,ROC曲线下面积差异无统计学意义（Z=5.23,P=0.47）;PLT计数与AST/ALT比值对预后预测的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为 61.1%、67.6%、71.9%;63.1%、69.8%、72.8%,联合应用二者后其特异性和准确率可分别提高至75.8%、79.8%.结论 PLT计数与AST/ALT比值存在密切相关,联合应用二者对于准确判断病情、估计预后有参考价值.     

春柴胡及北柴胡水提部位对急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 观察北柴胡和春柴胡对急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用.方法 采用D-氨基半乳糖胺致小鼠急性肝损害模型,以存活率、肝功能等作为观察指标比较春柴胡及北柴胡水提部位的保肝作用.结果 北柴胡5.0、10.0 g/kg剂量组、春柴胡10.0 g/kg剂量组均能显著降低肝损伤模型的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),血清门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),血清胆红素(T-Bili).结论 春柴胡和北柴胡水提部位均具有一定的保肝作用,北柴胡保肝疗效优于春柴胡.     

肝达康胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床研究

目的 探讨肝达康胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2018年1月-2019年6月于新乡医学院第一附属医院感染科就诊的124例慢性乙型肝炎患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各62例。对照组口服马来酸恩替卡韦片,1片/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服肝达康胶囊,8粒/次,3次/d。两组均连续治疗3个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后肝功能指标、肝纤维化指标、Th1和Th2细胞百分比和细胞因子水平的变化情况。结果 治疗后,治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别是95.16%、82.26%（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者血清丙氨酸氨基转氨酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）同各组治疗前相比均显著降低（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,治疗后治疗组患者血清ALT和AST水平降低更加明显（P<0.05）。治疗后两组患者血清层黏连蛋白（LN）、透明质酸（HA）、Ⅲ型前胶原N端肽（PCIII）、Ⅳ型胶原（IV-C）水平均明显下降（P<0.05）;且治疗后治疗组上述指标同对照组相比降低更加明显（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组Th1、Th1/Th2显著降低,而Th2显著升高（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,治疗后治疗组Th1、Th1/Th2显著更低,而Th2显著更高（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组患者γ干扰素（IFN-γ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）水平均显著下降,而白细胞介素4（IL-4）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）水平均显著升高（P<0.05）;治疗后,治疗组患者IFN-γ、TNF-α水平低于对照组,而IL-4、IL-6水平高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 肝达康胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎具有较好的临床疗效,能显著改善患者肝脏损伤情况,可能与改善Th1/Th2细胞失衡有关,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

腺苷蛋氨酸联合恩替卡韦对胆汁淤积型乙型病毒性肝炎的预后影响

目的 探讨腺苷蛋氨酸联合恩替卡韦对胆汁淤积型乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）的预后影响。方法 选择2016年9月— 2019年2月在开封市中心医院收治的胆汁淤积型乙肝患者172例。根据治疗方法的不同将患者分为对照组（72例）和观察组（100例）。对照组口服恩替卡韦分散片,0.5 mg/d。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上使用注射用丁二磺酸腺苷蛋氨酸,1 g/d。两组均治疗观察8周。观察两组患者的临床疗效,同时比较两组患者的肝功能指标、乙肝病毒的脱氧核糖核酸（HBVDNA）阴转情况和不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗后,观察组的总有效率为97.0%,显著高于对照组的80.6%（P<0.05）。两组治疗后的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平均显著低于治疗前（P<0.05）,且观察组各肝功能指标水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,观察组的HBV-DNA转阴率为99.0%,显著高于对照组的90.3%（P<0.05）。两组治疗期间的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论 腺苷蛋氨酸联合恩替卡韦治疗胆汁淤积型乙肝能提高HBV-DNA转阴率与治疗效果,促进患者肝功能的改善,且不会增加不良反应,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。