2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者骨形成指标观察

目的探讨2型糖尿病(type2diabetesmellitus,T2DM)合并骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)患者骨形成指标的改变。方法受试者分为4组,即T2DM合并OP组(A组)、T2DM无OP组(B组)、非糖尿病骨质疏松组(C组)和正常对照组(D组),各组年龄、性别、民族和体质量指数等因素具有可比性;观测骨钙素(BGP)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(骨AKP)和股骨颈抗骨折能力(FS)等骨形成指标,同步检测尿吡啶醚(PYD)和脱氧吡啶醚(DPD)等骨吸收指标。结果A组患者血清BGP和骨AKP水平明显低于C组和B组,与C组比较分别为(4.74±0.82)μg/Lvs(5.82±1.44)μg/L(P<0.01)和(19.57±5.36)U/Lvs(23.38±7.36)U/L(P<0.05),与B组比较分别为(4.74±0.82)μg/Lvs(5.13±0.96)μg/L和(19.57±5.36)U/Lvs(22.13±6.37)U/L(均P<0.05);A组FS参数(0.43±0.01)P/cm2显著低于C组(0.48±0.04)P/cm2和B组(0.51±0.02)P/cm2(均P<0.01);C组尿PYD和DYD明显高于B组(P<0.01);除FS、BGP外,所有指标参数A、B、C3组均分别显著高于D组(均P<0.01)。结论T2DM合并OP患者骨形成减少大于骨吸收增多,相对绝经后OP是一种低转换速率型骨质疏松。     

基于下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴探讨藏药二十五味鬼臼丸对绝经后骨质疏松症大鼠的干预作用

目的基于下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴(hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis,HPOA)探讨藏药二十五味鬼臼丸对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的影响。方法将40只SD雌性未孕大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、雌二醇组、二十五味鬼臼丸组,每组10只。除假手术组仅摘取卵巢旁同样大小的脂肪块,其余3组大鼠均摘除双侧卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)大鼠模型。手术1周后开始给药处理,雌二醇组ig0.1mg/kg戊酸雌二醇,二十五味鬼臼丸组ig441mg/kg二十五味鬼臼丸,假手术组和模型组ig等体积蒸馏水,1次/d,连续12周后,ELISA法检测血清雌二醇、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)、促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin releasing hormone,GnRH)水平;RT-PCR检测下丘脑、垂体、左侧股骨远端雌激素受体α(estrogen receptorα,ERα)、雌激素受体β(estrogen receptorβ,ERβ)m RNA表达;免疫荧光染色法检测下丘脑、垂体和右侧股骨远端ERα、ERβ蛋白表达;HE染色法观察大鼠右侧股骨远端组织形态变化;Micro-CT检测右侧股骨远端微结构的改变。结果藏药二十五味鬼臼丸能显著降低大鼠体内血清LH、FSH、GnRH水平(P0.05、0.01),并在HPOA轴中显著性上调下丘脑及垂体ERαm RNA及蛋白表达(P0.01),同时显著性上调股骨ERβm RNA及蛋白表达(P0.01),并能显著回调大鼠股骨密度及骨微结构参数(P0.01)。结论藏药二十五味鬼臼丸可有效防治PMOP,其机制可能与药物直接作用骨组织雌激素受体或作用HPOA轴靶器官相关雌激素受体后,通过改变体内性激素的水平间接调控骨代谢有关。     

Promotion of normal healing of bone defects under estrogen deficiency by implantation of beta‐tricalcium phosphate composed of rod‐shaped particles

We compared the healing of bone defects in ovariectomized rats implanted with beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) composed of rod‐shaped particles, which were prepared using the applied hydrothermal method (HTCP), and that of bone defects implanted with conventional β‐TCP composed of globular‐shaped particles (CTCP), which were prepared by normal sintering. Eight‐week‐old female Wistar rats were ovariectomized, and 2 weeks after the operation, 0.5‐ to 0.6‐mm diameter spherical granules of each ceramic were implanted in a bone defect created in the distal end of the femur. Four, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation, the amount of newly formed bone implanted with HTCP was significantly larger than that implanted with CTCP and was equivalent to that in non‐ovariectomized sham‐operated rats. Without implantation, spontaneous repair of the trabecular bone was barely observed. The physiological structure of the trabecular network was maintained in the region implanted with HTCP, but that in the region implanted with CTCP was severely destroyed. Gene expression microarray analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in interferon signaling pathways was upregulated in osteoclasts cultured on HTCP compared with that cultured on CTCP. Our results suggest that the microstructure of β‐TCP affected the biological behavior of osteoclasts and regulated local bone metabolism. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:189–196, 2014.     

New bone formation enhanced by ADSCs overexpressing hRunx2 during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in osteoporotic rabbits

Promoting new bone formation during distraction osteogenesis (DO) in elderly patients with osteoporosis is still a challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of gene therapy using local Runt‐related gene 2 on new bone formation during osteoporotic mandibular DO in rabbits. First, we successfully established a mandibular osteoporotic animal model by ovariectomizing rabbits. Second, the right mandibles of the osteoporotic rabbits were distracted after corticotomy. The distraction gap of the rabbits in Group A2 and B2 were injected with Adv‐hRunx2‐GFP‐transfected adipose‐derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and Adv‐GFP‐transfected ADSCs, respectively. Rabbits in Groups C2 (ovariectomized control) and D2 (sham surgery control) were injected with physiologic saline. New‐generation bone tissue in the distraction gap was analyzed via plain radiographic examinations, micro‐computed tomography, histological examinations, and biomechanical testing at weeks 3, 6, and 9 of the consolidation period. Results of above examinations showed that no ideal new bone formation was observed in Groups B2 and C2, but obvious ideal new bone formation was observed in Group A2 and D2. The results suggested that gene therapy using rhRunx2‐modified ADSCs promoted new bone formation during osteoporotic mandibular DO and effectively compensated for the detrimental effects of systemic osteoporosis on new bone formation. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:709–720, 2014.     

Maximal Oxygen Consumption and Bone Mineral Density in a Group of Young Lebanese Adults

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) and bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of young Lebanese adults. Twenty women and 37 men whose ages range from 18 to 32 yr participated in this study. Informed written consent was obtained from the participants. Body weight and height were measured, and body mass index was calculated. VO₂ max was determined by direct measurement while exercising on a bicycle ergometer (Siemens-Elema RE 820; Rodby Elektronik AB, Enhorna, Sweden). Whole body bone mineral content (WB BMC), whole body bone mineral density (WB BMD), lumbar spine BMD (L1–L4 BMD), total hip BMD (TH BMD), and femoral neck BMD (FN BMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In women, VO₂ max (expressed as L/mn) was positively correlated to WB BMC (r = 0.82; p < 0.001), WB BMD (r = 0.80; p < 0.001), L1–L4 BMD (r = 0.73; p < 0.001), TH BMD (r = 0.80; p < 0.001), and FN BMD (r = 0.85; p < 0.001). In men, VO₂ max (expressed as L/mn) was positively correlated to WB BMC (r = 0.57; p < 0.001), WB BMD (r = 0.53; p < 0.001), L1–L4 BMD (r = 0.50; p < 0.001), TH BMD (r = 0.38; p < 0.01), and FN BMD (r = 0.30; p < 0.05). In both sexes, the positive associations between VO₂ max and bone variables (BMC and BMD) remained significant after adjustment for age (p < 0.001). This study suggests that VO₂ max (L/mn) is a positive determinant of BMC and BMD in young adults. Aerobic power seems to be a determinant of BMC and BMD in young adults.     

整合式健康教育在社区中老年患者骨质疏松症管理中的应用

目的探讨整合式健康教育在社区中老年患者骨质疏松症管理中的应用效果。方法将120例骨质疏松骨折的患者随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组实施整合式健康教育。6个月后,比较2组患者的知信行情况及生活质量。结果观察组干预后的骨质疏松知识、信念和行为得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组干预后的躯体疼痛、社会功能、心理功能、活力等方面的生活质量均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论整合式健康教育能够提高中老年患者骨质疏松症知信行情况,改善生活质量。     

大豆异黄酮对骨质疏松大鼠种植体骨结合疗效的评价

目的：观察大豆异黄酮对骨质疏松大鼠种植体周围骨以及骨结合强度的影响。方法：选用4月龄雌性SD大鼠40只,用随机区组的方法将其分为假手术组（SHAM,10只）、卵巢切除组（OVX,10只）、卵巢切除＋高剂量大豆异黄酮组（OVX＋SIH,10只）和卵巢切除＋低剂量大豆异黄酮组（OVX＋SIL,10只）共4组。术后8周所有实验动物双侧胫骨干骺端分别植入钛螺纹钉1颗,2个药物干预组使用不同剂量SI药物干预12周。所有实验动物取包含螺纹钉的骨组织块进行生物力学、组织形态定量学检查。结果：与OVX组相比,低剂量和高剂量SI均能有效增加种植体的骨结合（组织形态定量学检测）,并且增加了种植体的最大脱出力,其中高剂量SI组的种植体稳定性与对照组无显著差别（生物力学检测）。结论：本研究结果说明大豆异黄酮有剂量依赖性地改善骨质疏松大鼠钛螺纹钉的骨结合强度的可能性,增强疏松状态下种植体的稳定性。