辛兰芷喷雾剂质量标准研究

目的:建立辛兰芷喷雾剂的质量标准。方法:采用TLC法对方中辛夷、板蓝根、白芷进行定性分析;用HPLC法对连翘苷进行含量测定。结果:TLC法可准确地对辛夷、板蓝根、白芷进行定性鉴别;连翘苷进样量在0.2~10.0μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9997);平均回收率为99.71%,RSD=1.85%(n=6)。结论:本方法简便、快速、重现性好,所建标准可用于本制剂的质量控制。     

改进经皮微波凝固治疗大肝癌技术的研究

目的：改进微波肝组织凝固技术,为该技术在治疗大肝癌的应用奠定基础。方法：对离体牛肝采用不同的条件进行微波辐射,测量单点及两点辐射的组织温度和凝固范围,借助计算机模拟技术设计多点辐射方案并通过体外肝实验验证。临床上,对９个和４个施行单点和两点辐射的肝癌结节测温,对１６个３－６ ｃｍ的肝癌结节按多点辐射方案进行治疗。结果： ６０ Ｗ × ３００ ｓ的微波辐射可形成横径 ３． ０ ｃｍ的凝固区。两点辐射的最佳距离为２．５ｃｍ。７针穿刺可形成横切面直径７．１ｃｍ的球形凝固区。 １６个经治结节仅２个坏死不完全。结论：适当延长单点辐射的时间及使用合适的多点穿刺方案可使微波凝固治疗的适应证扩大至６ ｃｍ的肿瘤。     

头孢克洛缓释微丸制备、体外释放及人体药动学评价

 目的 制备头孢克洛缓释微丸,并研究其体外释放行为及人体药动学。方法 采用包衣锅滚丸法制备头孢克洛载药微丸, 以不同类型和比例的丙烯酸树脂及Surelease作为缓释包衣材料并以流化床对载药微丸进行包衣,对最终确定处方的成品进行体外释放和20例健康受试者的生物等效性研究,求算体内药动学参数。结果 以Surelease包衣增重15％,其体外释放行为符合一级释放方程,制备的头孢克洛缓释微丸和上市对照相比生物等效。结论 本方法适于制备较大剂量的缓释微丸,工艺可行,头孢克洛缓释微丸和市售对比体内生物等效。     

酸性肽对大鼠脑内谷氨酸和酸性肽含量的影响

目的研究大鼠口服酸性肽后脑内谷氨酸和酸性肽的含量变化。方法通过纸电泳、茚三酮显色、分光光度法和标准曲线法测定脑内谷氨酸和酸性肽的含量。结果正常对照组大鼠脑内的谷氨酸含量(mg/g脑组织)为0.7101±0.1347。服用酸性肽1、2、3、4、5h后各组大鼠脑内谷氨酸的含量(mg/g脑组织)分别为1.2591±0.1446,1.0595±0.1195,0.8798±0.1158,0.7400±0.0992,0.7600±0.0992。正常对照组大鼠脑内的酸性肽的含量(mg/g脑组织)为1.7789±0.2078。服用酸性肽1、2、3、4、5h后各组大鼠脑内酸性肽的含量(mg/g脑组织)分别为1.4662±0.1511,3.8377±0.2778,3.2253±0.2733,1.8701±0.1822,1.7398±0.1822。结论大鼠口服酸性肽后1~2h内能升高脑内的谷氨酸水平,并且在3~4h内能升高脑内的酸性肽水平。     

超声诊断嗜酸性膀胱炎1例

患儿男,９岁。因间歇性尿频尿急６年,加剧１个月来院行超声检查。３岁起尿频尿急,每日小便２０～３０次,伴夜间遗尿,在外院对症治疗６年无效。入院后体检：心肺腹部无特殊。实验室检查：小便常规、生化、肝功、血肌酐均在正常范围。ＣＴ：膀胱右前壁及下后壁明显不规则增厚,考虑膀胱壁增生引起。膀胱镜活检：膀胱粘膜下可见大量嗜酸性白细胞浸润。超声检查：膀胱呈充盈状态,形态正常。右侧及上侧内壁呈堤围状增厚,最厚处达２ｃｍ。增厚以粘膜为主,全体呈等回声,内部回声尚均匀,粘膜表面稍毛糙,浆膜层清晰平滑。彩超检查见增厚部…     

肝血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的超声造影表现

Objective To investigate the features of hepatic angiomyolipoma(AML) on contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Methods Ten pathologically proved AML lesions in 9 patients were evaluated by using baseline ultrasound and CEUS. CEUS was performed with contrast pulse sequencing technique and the contrast agent of SonoVue. Results On baseline ultrasound, 7 lesions exhibited mixed echoic,which was obvious hyperechoic combined with partly of hypoechoie; 3 lesions exhitited obvious hypereehoic. On color Doppler flow imaging artery signals were detected in all lesions. And the lesions had plenty or slightly plenty of artery supply,with resistive index about 0.53 4±0.10 (0.48~0.62). On CEUS, in the arterial phase, 9 lesions exhibited hyper-enhanced. In the portal phase, 5 lesions exhibited iso-enhancement,1 lesion was slightly hyper-enhancement and 3 lesions was hypo-enhancement. In the late phase 6 lesions were iso-enhancement and 3 lesions were hypo-enhancement. One lesion was all hypo-enhancement in all three phases. Conclusions There are some characteristic manifestations of hepatic AML in CEUS, which are helpful for the diagnosis of hepatic AML in a way,but we still need more experiences.     

全肺灌洗术治疗尘肺的临床效果观察

目的探讨全肺灌洗术治疗尘肺病的临床效果。方法对10例不同期别的尘肺病患者,在静脉复合麻醉下进行双腔支气管插管,并将双肺成功隔离,一侧肺纯氧通气,一侧肺采用灌洗液反复灌洗,并于灌洗前及灌洗后分别测定血气、肺功能。全肺灌洗治疗后动脉血氧分压与治疗前对比其改变有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;相反,动脉血二氧化碳分压、肺通气功能以及肺弥散功能灌洗治疗前后均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结果成功进行双肺同期肺灌洗10例,术中顺利。术后临床症状消失,无明显术后并发症。结论全肺灌洗术疗效好、安全,并发症发生少,是治疗尘肺病安全、有效的治疗方法之一。     

肝血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的超声造影表现

Objective To investigate the features of hepatic angiomyolipoma(AML) on contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Methods Ten pathologically proved AML lesions in 9 patients were evaluated by using baseline ultrasound and CEUS. CEUS was performed with contrast pulse sequencing technique and the contrast agent of SonoVue. Results On baseline ultrasound, 7 lesions exhibited mixed echoic,which was obvious hyperechoic combined with partly of hypoechoie; 3 lesions exhitited obvious hypereehoic. On color Doppler flow imaging artery signals were detected in all lesions. And the lesions had plenty or slightly plenty of artery supply,with resistive index about 0.53 4±0.10 (0.48~0.62). On CEUS, in the arterial phase, 9 lesions exhibited hyper-enhanced. In the portal phase, 5 lesions exhibited iso-enhancement,1 lesion was slightly hyper-enhancement and 3 lesions was hypo-enhancement. In the late phase 6 lesions were iso-enhancement and 3 lesions were hypo-enhancement. One lesion was all hypo-enhancement in all three phases. Conclusions There are some characteristic manifestations of hepatic AML in CEUS, which are helpful for the diagnosis of hepatic AML in a way,but we still need more experiences.     

六氟化硫脂质微泡的制备研究

目的 制备六氟化硫脂质微泡,为靶向微泡的研制奠定基础.方法 以二硬脂酰磷脂酰胆碱、聚乙二醇磷脂酰乙醇胺为膜成分,六氟化硫为气体核心,薄膜一超声法制备微泡.以SonoVue作对照,观测自制微泡的形态、粒径、浓度、pH值、渗透压等各项理化参数.在二次谐波模式下观察微泡显影体外水囊及兔肾实质,测量分析增强图像峰值灰度.结果 自制微泡和SonoVue均大小均匀,圆形,中空透亮,平均直径分别为2.25μm和2.50 μm,粒径分布分别为0.4～10 μm和0.2～10 μm,90%微泡直径分别控制在6 μm和8 μm以内.初始浓度分别为5 x 108～10 X 108/ml和1 x 108～5 x 108/ml,配置后的稳定性均为6 h.显影水囊灰度值分别为121.67±6.76和122.33±4.53(P>0.05),兔肾造影增强峰灰度分别为72.00±7.21和74.65±10.93(P>0.05).结论 脂质微泡制备成功,具有良好的理化特性及显影效果.     

呼吸科重症加强治疗病房肺癌病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解近年来呼吸科重症加强治疗病房(RICU)肺癌患者院内下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法对2003年3月—2008年7月长海医院(RICU)366例住院肺癌患者下呼吸道感染痰细菌分离株及耐药监测情况进行回顾性分析。结果共分离细菌392株,病原菌革兰阴性占53.3%,以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌为多见;革兰阳性菌占18.7%,主要是金黄色葡萄球菌;真菌占27.8%。致病菌对常用抗生素都不同程度地产生了耐药性,对青霉素、氨苄西林耐药率最高,对亚胺培南-西司他丁的耐药率最低,未发现对万古霉素耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌。结论RICU肺癌患者院内下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,细菌耐药性严重,并且具有多重耐药性。因RICU肺癌院内感染,患者预后相对较差,应早期采用有效的干预措施。