应用可降解腔内支架的无缝合吻合术在狗胆肠吻合模型的实验研究

目的 传统的手工缝合行胆肠吻合术操作困难、费时,尤其在小胆管吻合和腹腔镜手术时明显。为简化和改良手术操作,我们设计了一种新的应用可降解腔内支架的无缝合胆肠吻合术。本文拟在狗胆总管十二指肠吻合模型中评估该无缝合方法的可行性和安全性。方法 为无缝合胆总管十二指肠吻合术设计一种腔内吻合支架管,这种专利支架管直径3mm和4mm,材料为可降解聚乳酸。38条毕格犬随机分为支架组（SG n=20）和对照组（CG n=18）。SG组应用无缝合支架法行胆总管十二指肠端侧吻合,CG组行传统可吸收缝线间断一层胆总管十二指肠端侧吻合。动物分术后1、3、6、12月4个亚组,比较两组术中吻合手术时间、术中吻合口耐受压、胆漏发生率、术后吻合口爆破压差异,观察两组术后胆红素和肝酶变化、术后1,3,6,12月取材的吻合口组织病理形态学改变,包括HE染色和Masson染色,比较两组吻合口羟脯氨酸含量,观察两组吻合口疤痕纤维组织增生状况。MRCP了解术后6月,12月两组吻合口状况。结果 手术均顺利完成,支架组吻合时间明显小于对照组(SG19.2±4.3min VS CG29.2±7.1min, P 0.000);两组各有1例胆漏并死亡（SG5.0% VS CG 5.6%,P=0.695)。两组间术中吻合口耐受压、术后胆漏发生率、术后各时期吻合口爆破压、吻合口羟脯氨酸含量、胆红素和肝酶测定均无显著性差异。MRCP检查及病理检查未发现吻合口狭窄和梗阻。结论 在狗胆总管十二指肠吻合模型中,无缝合腔内可降解支架胆吻合方法具有可行性和安全性。     

应用自体肿瘤免疫细胞治疗中晚期肿瘤的意义

目的探讨树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DCs)和细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(cytokine induced kil-ler,CIK)联合化疗治疗晚期实体瘤的临床意义。方法采用自体肿瘤免疫细胞治疗晚期实体瘤患者130例。分离外周血单个核细胞,其中贴壁细胞用粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、肿瘤坏死因子及白细胞介素4等诱导产生DCs,并用自体肿瘤细胞或外源性肿瘤细胞抗原致敏,获得Ag.DCs;悬浮细胞经干扰素-γ、IL2和CD3单克隆抗体(CD3 monoclonal antibody,CD3mAb)等诱导产生CIK细胞,将DCs与CIK细胞共同培养;采用FCM法检测DCs及CIK细胞表型,一次回输患者。结果 130例中晚期肿瘤自体肿瘤免疫细胞联合化疗治疗后,完全缓解(CR)5例,部分缓解(PR)19例,稳定(SD)87例,疾病进展(PD)13例,6例晚期肿瘤进展死亡,疾病控制率85.38%。结论 DCs-CIK细胞联合化疗治疗中晚期恶性实体瘤安全有效,具有重要的临床意义和应用前景。     

环戊硫酮治疗干眼的临床疗效评价

Objective To investigate anethol trithione therapic efficiency on dry eye. Methods It was a prospective random double-blind controlled study. Eighty cases diagnosed dry eye in Ocular Surface Out-patient Clinic of Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center from 2006 to 2008 were divided into two groups: anethol trithione group and control group, 40 cases in each group. Every group was then divided into two subgroups: weak dry eye subgroup, middle and severe dry eye subgroup. All groups had been added with 0.05% refresh drops. All patients had been detected and evaluated by subjective symptoms of dry eye, visual acuity,corneal fluorescent staining(F1), break-up time(BUT) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT) at pre-therapy and 3,7,28 d of post-therapy. All groups had been compared and analyzed by F test and sample mean difference (SMD) or median difference (MD) comparison between pre-therapy and post-therapy. Results Except of tear and red eye, the other subjective symptoms of dry eye, F1, BUT and SⅠT of weak dry eye subgroup of both groups had been improved at 7 d after therapy. Only those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of anethol trithione group had been improved at 7 d after therapy compared with those of pre-therapy: SMD=0.96 (visual tiredness), 1.26 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 0.82 (foreign body sensation), 1.28 (burning sensation), 1.05 (photophobia), 1.48 ( pain ) ; MD=0.30 (visual acuity), 4.00 (F1) ,5.00 (BUT), 5.00 (SⅠT) [F=15.30 (visual tiredness), 15.68 (dry and unsmooth sensation ), 13.56 (foreign body sensation), 20. 91 ( burning sensation ), 18.90 (photophobia), 27.22 ( pain ), 10.54 (visual acuity), 188.21 (F1) ,261.76 (BUT) ,269.05 (SⅠT) ;P<0. 05]. Those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of control group hadn't significantly been improved at 28 d after therapy: SMD=0.10 (visual tiredness) ,0.16 (dry and unsmooth sensation) ,0.09 (foreign body sensation) ,0.38 ( burning sensation ), 0.24(photophobia) ,0.36 (pain) ,0.23 (red eye) ; MD=0.10 (visual acuity) ,0.50(F1) ,0.50(BUT), 0.50(SⅠT) [F=1.76 (visual tiredness), 1.61 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 1.02 (foreign body sensation),2.39 (burning sensation), 2.42 (photophobia), 2.73 ( pain ), 2.55 ( red eye ), 1.46 ( visual acuity) ,2.35 (F1) ,2.90 (BUT) ,2.76 (SⅠT) ; P>0.05]. SⅠT of anethol trithione group had been improved more significantly after therapy (F=13.77, P<0.05). Conclusion Anethol trithione could significantly improve middle and severe dry eye patients' symptoms and signs whose lacrimal gland function survival and it has clinical application value.     

应用圆形分布法分析疟疾的发病季节

[目的]了解周宁县疟疾发病是否存在明显的季节性,为疟疾监测和控制提供科学依据。[方法]以圆形分布的理论和方法,先求出疟疾发病的集中度(r),后进行均匀性检验,若r与零在0.05水平上有显著差异,再求出角均数(α)和角离差(S),以推算集中时间和高峰期。[结果]我县1981—1988年疟疾发病的集中时间为5月8日(3月1日零时为零度角,α=66.41°),发病高峰期是3月4日至8月3日(S=84.75°);青壮年、男性和外流人员多发。[结论]我县1981—1988年疟疾有明显的季节性,好发时间有向温热季节集中趋势。近几年疟疾发病率低,仍不遗余力地加强外来流动人口和外出回归人员的监测和管理,加强蚊媒监测,以控制疟疾流行。     

环戊硫酮治疗干眼的临床疗效评价

Objective To investigate anethol trithione therapic efficiency on dry eye. Methods It was a prospective random double-blind controlled study. Eighty cases diagnosed dry eye in Ocular Surface Out-patient Clinic of Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center from 2006 to 2008 were divided into two groups: anethol trithione group and control group, 40 cases in each group. Every group was then divided into two subgroups: weak dry eye subgroup, middle and severe dry eye subgroup. All groups had been added with 0.05% refresh drops. All patients had been detected and evaluated by subjective symptoms of dry eye, visual acuity,corneal fluorescent staining(F1), break-up time(BUT) and Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠT) at pre-therapy and 3,7,28 d of post-therapy. All groups had been compared and analyzed by F test and sample mean difference (SMD) or median difference (MD) comparison between pre-therapy and post-therapy. Results Except of tear and red eye, the other subjective symptoms of dry eye, F1, BUT and SⅠT of weak dry eye subgroup of both groups had been improved at 7 d after therapy. Only those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of anethol trithione group had been improved at 7 d after therapy compared with those of pre-therapy: SMD=0.96 (visual tiredness), 1.26 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 0.82 (foreign body sensation), 1.28 (burning sensation), 1.05 (photophobia), 1.48 ( pain ) ; MD=0.30 (visual acuity), 4.00 (F1) ,5.00 (BUT), 5.00 (SⅠT) [F=15.30 (visual tiredness), 15.68 (dry and unsmooth sensation ), 13.56 (foreign body sensation), 20. 91 ( burning sensation ), 18.90 (photophobia), 27.22 ( pain ), 10.54 (visual acuity), 188.21 (F1) ,261.76 (BUT) ,269.05 (SⅠT) ;P<0. 05]. Those of middle and severe dry eye subgroup of control group hadn't significantly been improved at 28 d after therapy: SMD=0.10 (visual tiredness) ,0.16 (dry and unsmooth sensation) ,0.09 (foreign body sensation) ,0.38 ( burning sensation ), 0.24(photophobia) ,0.36 (pain) ,0.23 (red eye) ; MD=0.10 (visual acuity) ,0.50(F1) ,0.50(BUT), 0.50(SⅠT) [F=1.76 (visual tiredness), 1.61 (dry and unsmooth sensation), 1.02 (foreign body sensation),2.39 (burning sensation), 2.42 (photophobia), 2.73 ( pain ), 2.55 ( red eye ), 1.46 ( visual acuity) ,2.35 (F1) ,2.90 (BUT) ,2.76 (SⅠT) ; P>0.05]. SⅠT of anethol trithione group had been improved more significantly after therapy (F=13.77, P<0.05). Conclusion Anethol trithione could significantly improve middle and severe dry eye patients' symptoms and signs whose lacrimal gland function survival and it has clinical application value.     

微量泵持续胰岛素泵入与皮下注射治疗胸部术后合并2型糖尿病的对比研究

微量泵在胸外科被广泛用于精确、恒定地输注血管活性药物和控制补液，我们受胰岛素泵持续皮下输注胰岛素治疗糖尿病的启发，2002年2月至2005年1月对64例合并2型糖尿病施行胸外科术后患者，采用微量泵持续胰岛素泵入与传统皮下注射控制术后的高血糖进行对比研究，显示了微量泵持续胰岛素泵入能够取得更好的疗效，现报告如下。     

Protective effects of pretreatment with Radix Paeoniae Rubra on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats

Objective： To investigate the effect of pretreatment with Radix Paeoniae Rubra （RPR） on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats and its protective mechanism.
Methods： Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups： Sham-operation group, ischemla/ reperfusion group （I/R group ）, RPR-pretreatment group and hemin group. The model of intestinal ischemia/ reperfusion was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1 hour followed by 2-hour reperfusion. The effect of RPR on the expression of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） in lung tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and morphometry computer image analysis. Arterial blood gas analysis, lung permeability index, malondialdehyde （MDA） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） contents in lungs were measured. The histological changes of lung tissue were observed under light microscope.
Resalts： The expression of HO-1 in RPR-pretreatment group and hemin group was obviously higher than that in sham-operation group and I/R group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The level of MDA and lung permeability index in RPR-pretreatment and hemin group were significantly lower than those in I/R group （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）, while the activity of SOD in RPR-pretreatment and hemin group was obviously higher than that in I/R group （P〈0.01）. Under light microscope, the pathologic changes induced by I/R were significantly attenuated by RPR.
Conclusion： Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion may result in acute lung injury and pretreatment with RPR injection can attenuate the injury. The protective effect of RPR on the acute lung injury is related to its property of inducing HO-1 expression and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.     

中药缓释制剂的发展

目的 缓释制剂是很有临床意义的一种制剂，为了推动这种先进的制剂在中国中的应用，我们对有关情况进行了综述。方法 从缓释制剂的特点、类型、制法、设计原理和所用辅料等方面，阐述中药中缓释制剂应用的现状和结果。结果 缓释制剂在中药领域应用尚不普遍，目前的结果表明，成分较少的中药研制成缓释制剂比较成功。结论 该制剂是一类顺应医疗和时代需要有良好发展前景的制剂，随着各学科之间相互渗透、互相促进、新辅料、新设备，新工艺的不断涌现，使得中药缓释制剂得到逐步发展。     

葡萄糖酸锌临床新用途

锌为人体一种必需的微量元素之一，在体内参与多种代谢，与so余种酶的生物活性有关”’。近年来它对人体的重要性已逐渐受到人们的重视。并不断开发研制出许多新的制剂品种。目前临床上应用较多的是硫酸锌和葡萄糖酸锌（ZincGluconate，ZG）。前者为一种无机锌盐，口服吸收效果较差，且有严重的胃肠道方面的不良反应；后者为有机锌盐，生物利用度较好，且胃肠道反应较小，并有增加红细胞产热持续时间的作用D’，儿童口服耐受性良好＊’等优点。有人对ZG在家兔体内的药物动力学及生物利用度进行了研究，证明ZG是一优于硫酸锌的补锌剂’“…     

选择死亡:安乐死伦理证明与立法背景

目前,国内包括中央电视台在内的各个媒体再次强烈关注安乐死的问题。起因是2个重要的事件。一是王明成(全国第一个安乐死法律案件的当事人)要求安乐死。媒体报道“17年前他曾背负杀母罪名2次被关终不言悔,17年后重病的他申请让自己以同样方式离世”。二是1988年七届人大会议上就作为安乐死立法提案人的胡亚美,委托中国工程院院士王忠诚再次在2 0 0 3年的人大会议上提出安乐死的议案。安乐死的讨论再次掀起,只是更为深入了。1　背景:中国安乐死的重大事件回顾1980年,蔡根法在《医学与哲学》杂志发表国内首篇介绍安乐死的文章后,仅有少量反对…