鸡急性血源性骨髓炎的药物治疗研究

用鸡急性血源性骨髓炎模型进行4周药物治疗对照研究.105只鸡,分7组,每组15只鸡.有①正常组对照,②实验对照,③青霉素 庆大霉素,④青霉素 庆大霉素 阿斯匹林,⑤邻氯青霉素,⑥短疗程邻氯青霉素(2周),⑦邻氯青霉素延迟48小时治疗.结果发现目前临床常用的青霉素 庆大霉素治疗由耐青霉素金葡菌引起的急性血源性骨髓炎效果并不理想,而邻氯青霉素疗效甚好.实验证明抗菌素必须尽早使用,延迟治疗则疗效下降.邻氯青霉素治疗4周或2周,结果一样满意,支持抗菌素疗程不必过长的新观点.新近观点还认为前列腺素对急性骨髓炎的发生发展起重要作用,但本文实验未能显示阿斯匹林有辅助治疗效用.     

Computed tomography and plain film appearance of a bony sequestration: significance and differential diagnosis

Bony sequestration has been reported in osteomyelitis, eosinophilic granuloma, and fibrosarcoma. Thirty-eight examples of radiographically apparent bony sequestra were collected to examine the validity of this differential diagnosis. Apparent sequestra were found in osteomyelitis (59%), fibrosarcoma or fibrosarcoma-like entities (13%), eosinophilic granuloma (8%), and osteoid osteoma (21%). Although osteoid osteoma does not contain a true bony sequestrum, the partially calcified nidus was radiographically mistaken for a sequestrum in eight (21%) of our cases and, therefore, should be considered when an apparent sequestrum is visualized. Computed tomography enhanced visualization of a sequestrum in 19 of 22 cases and is recommended as an adjunct to conventional radiography when the presence of a sequestrum will alter therapy.Presented at the Seventy-First Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the RSNA, Chicago, Illinois, November 1985     

Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus infection

Summary During a six-year period five patients withCampylobacter fetus subspecies fetus infections were seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Bacteremia was observed in two patients, one presenting with aortic valve endocarditis and the other with abdominal atherosclerotic aortic aneurysm.C. fetus subsp. fetus was isolated from tibial tissue of a patient with osteomyelitis. Diarrhea was the main complaint of two further patients, and was also mentioned by the patient with the aortic aneurysm. Despite the use of incubation conditions and selective media geared to detect onlyCampylobacter jejuni, C. fetus subsp. fetus was isolated from stool specimens of the two patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. The fact that three of fiveC. fetus subsp. fetus infections observed in this study were associated with intestinal symptoms further supports the importance of the gastrointestinal tract in the pathogenesis ofC. fetus subsp. fetus infections.     

Pubic Osteomyelitis and Granuloma After Bone Anchor Placement

The use of bone anchors as a superior fixation for suburethral slings is becoming popular. We present a case report of pubic osteomyelitis and granuloma after bone anchor placement. A 71-year-old woman underwent placement of a vaginal wall sling using pubic bone anchors placed through a suprapubic incision. Recurrent swelling of the mons pubis required re-exploration and removal of the anchors from an infected pubic bone. When symptoms persisted over the following 10 months, the patient underwent repeat surgery and excision of a pubic bone granuloma. The use of bone anchors in suburethral sling surgery is associated with possible increase in patient morbidity, and no benefit to the patient has been shown.     

Spondylodiscitis Complicated by the Ingestion of a Button Battery: a Case Report

A one-and-a-half year old boy who presented with a cough, irritability, and refusal of food was found to have an impacted foreign body in his upper esophagus. We present the radiologic findings of the foreign body (a button battery) impacted in the upper esophagus and its complications; namely, mediastinitis and spondylodiscitis after endoscopic removal. Further, plain radiograph and MR imaging findings are discussed along with literature review.     

Fistulous withers and eosinophilia in a horse

Fistulous withers is a chronic inflammatory disease of horses in the supraspinous bursa and associated tissues. The referred horse had a fistulous tract in the withers area with presence of purulent material accumulation under the ligamentum nuchae. The radiographic examination of the lesion showed an osteomyelitis involved area. The hematological examination revealed eosinophilia. Long-term antibiotic therapy reduced the eosinophilic reaction to normal. It was assumed that osteomyelitis was the cause of eosinophilia in this horse.     

庆大霉素脂质体同种异体骨体外抑制金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的研究

目的 探讨一种新的抗生素缓释系统的制备,为金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜感染的治疗提供新思路. 方法制备庆大霉素阳离子脂质体及兔同种异体骨,并采用低温真空负压吸引法将二者复合,制备成庆大霉素脂质体同种异体骨,并行阳离子脂质体抗生素释放试验.构建金黄色匍萄球菌生物膜模型,于体外探讨由庆大霉素脂质体同种异体骨中释放出的阳离子脂质体庆大霉素对细菌生物膜的抑制作用. 结果成功制备庆大霉素脂质体同种异体骨,可持续释放庆大霉素脂质体达12d,前3 d释放具有爆发效应,所释放的庆大霉素脂质体对金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜生长的抑制作用与新制备的庆大霉素脂质体相似,在低浓度(3.2 mg/L)时二者对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213生物膜生长的抑制作用均明显强于单独使用庆大霉素(P<0.05). 结论低温真空负压吸引法制备庆大霉素脂质体同种异体骨并不影响所释放的庆大霉素脂质体的抗芮作用,在体外具有高效抑制金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜的作用,且在低浓度时抑制作用更为明显.     

Brucella melitensis sternal osteomyelitis following median sternotomy

Human brucellosis, a zoonotic infection, may present with a range of symptoms but is rarely described as a cause of surgical site infections. We present the first reported case of Brucella melitensis causing sternal osteomyelitis of a midline sternotomy for a coronary artery bypass graft. The operation was performed in a non-endemic country but the patient had travelled to Syria immediately before surgery, where the infection was assumed to have been acquired. The infection resolved following treatment with doxycycline, rifampicin and gentamicin. We review the literature for surgical site infections related to Brucella species and discuss the infection control implications. Human brucellosis has the potential to cause surgical site infections and it should be in the differential diagnosis of any patient with a relevant exposure history presenting with a febrile illness and musculoskeletal findings.     

中医药治疗骨髓炎进展

骨髓炎是骨科的常见病之一,中医称之为＂附骨痈、附骨疽＂急性骨髓炎预后较好,但若迁延为慢性骨髓炎则病情缠绵难愈。中医治疗该病有着悠久的历史,且取得良好的效果,现在将近年来对该病的治疗情况作一简要总结。     

骨髓炎动物模型的研究进展

骨髓炎是由于感染引起的骨及其相关组织的急性或慢性炎症。该病具有治疗困难、花费高、病程迁延不愈、致残率高等特点。由于骨髓炎发病过程非常复杂、变异度高,目前有多种动物模型应用于骨髓炎的发病机制、诊断和治疗的研究。建立骨髓炎模型的动物常使用兔、大鼠和小鼠,较少使用狗、猪、山羊等大型动物。然而,目前研究中尚未发现可以较好控制的动物模型。本研究通过检索目前骨髓炎动物模型的建立方法,以期寻求一种可以较好控制的用于研究骨髓炎发生、发展的动物模型,并对目前骨髓炎研究进展进行展望。