不同试剂检测血清免疫球蛋白结果的可比性及偏倚分析

目的：通过对两种不同的检测试剂进行血清免疫球蛋白的检测,对两种试剂所得结果进行系统性比较以及偏倚分析。结果两种检测试剂结果均良好,无明显利群点出现。检测结果的偏差可以被临床上接受,仅IgA的系统误差较大,结果不理想。结论当对同一检测物质存在2个及其以上的检测试剂时,需要对这些检测试剂做可比性以及偏倚分析。     

New insights in the pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), also referred to as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is the most common form of childhood vasculitis. The pathogenesis of IgAV is still largely unknown. The disease is characterized by IgA1-immune deposits, complement factors and neutrophil infiltration, which is accompanied with vascular inflammation. Incidence of IgAV is twice as high during fall and winter, suggesting an environmental trigger associated to climate. Symptoms can resolve without intervention, but some patients develop glomerulonephritis with features similar to IgA nephropathy that include hematuria, proteinuria and IgA deposition in the glomerulus. Ultimately, this can lead to end-stage renal disease. In IgA nephropathy immune complexes containing galactose-deficient (Gd-)IgA1 are found and thought to play a role in pathogenesis. Although Gd-IgA1 complexes are also present in patients with IgAV with nephritis, their role in IgAV is disputed. Alternatively, it has been proposed that in IgAV IgA1 antibodies are generated against endothelial cells. We anticipate that such IgA complexes can activate neutrophils via the IgA Fc receptor FcαRI (CD89), thereby inducing neutrophil migration and activation, which ultimately causes tissue damage in IgAV. In this Review, we discuss the putative role of IgA, IgA receptors, neutrophils and other factors such as infections, genetics and the complement system in the pathogenesis of IgA vasculitis.     

IgG4相关硬化性腮腺炎1例报告及文献复习

通过对1例IgG4相关硬化性腮腺炎疾病的诊治的介绍和相关文献的回顾复习,增加国内口腔科医师对该类疾病的认识,以减少临床误诊误治.     

大疱性皮肤病48例临床分析

目的总结大疱性皮肤病的临床特点和治疗经验。方法对48例大疱性皮肤病住院患者的临床表现、实验室检查结果和临床疗效进行回顾性分析。结果本研究中48例大疱性皮肤病患者中有28例患者为大疱性类天疱疮,占总数的58.3%。大疱性类天疱疮患者中20例单独使用糖皮质激素治疗的患者皮损痊愈8例,好转11例,治愈率40%;糖皮质激素联合丙种球蛋白（IVIG）治疗的4例患者中,3例达到皮损痊愈,治愈率75%。大疱表皮松解型药疹患者中4例单独使用糖皮质激素治疗的患者皮损痊愈2例,好转2例,治愈率50%;糖皮质激素联合丙种球蛋白（IVIG）治疗的6例患者中,4例达到皮损痊愈,1例好转,治愈率66.7%。结论本研究提示大疱性类天疱疮是大疱性皮肤病中最常见的一类疾病;糖皮质激素在大疱性皮肤病治疗中的疗效肯定,且注射丙种球蛋白是一种重要的支持治疗方法。     

Identification of the major allergenic proteins from silkworm moth (Bombyx mori) involved in respiratory allergic diseases

Introduction and ObjectivesMoths are a significant source of indoor and outdoor aeroallergens. High prevalence of IgE-mediated sensitization was demonstrated in a group of patients with allergic respiratory diseases. There are no studies on adult stage of these moth species allergens involved in allergic respiratory reactions - the aim of this study.Material and Methods36 participants were included in an experimental study, submitted to skin prick test with Bombyx mori wing extract and six other common allergens, as well as Western blot analysis with incubated nitrocellulose membrane impregnated with silkworm moth extract and human IgE-antibody. The participants were divided into 3 groups: 1) 21 allergic patients whose skin prick test was positive to Bombyx mori wing extract, 2) eight allergic patients whose skin prick test was positive to mite and negative to Bombyx mori extract 3) seven negative non-allergic subjects.ResultsAmong the 21 participants from group 1, 19 serum samples reacted to Bombyx mori extract by Western blot. All of them reacted to a protein at 80 kDa and five other proteins (66, 50, 45, 37 and 30 kDa) were identified in more than 50% of the individuals tested, considered as major allergenic proteins. Sera from seven out of eight patients sensitized to house dust mite demonstrated IgE-reactivity to Bombyx mori extract by Western blot analysis. Serum samples from healthy participants did not react at all.ConclusionSix major reactive proteins by immunoblot analysis from moth’s wings sensitized patients can be potential allergens. The one at 80 kDa is the major protein, seen in all IgE-reactive patients from group 1 and in none from group 2, yet to be identified. Future studies should be conducted to better characterize these proteins.     

抗线粒体抗体阴性原发性胆汁性肝硬化的临床特征

目的　原发性胆汁性肝硬化 (PBC )的最重要特征为血清抗线粒体抗体 (AMA )阳性 ,但少数PBC病例AMA阴性。本文分析AMA阴性PBC患者的临床、生化和免疫学特性。方法　对 1991年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 7月期间临床 /病理诊断PBC的 70例患者进行回顾性研究 ,分析比较AMA阴性和AMA阳性患者的一般资料、病程、临床表现、生物化学、免疫学及病理学等特征。结果　确诊PBC时 ,11例患者血清AMA/AMA M2 阴性 ,AMA阴性患者的血清免疫球蛋白M显著低于AMA阳性患者 ,分别为 (2 85 1± 14 18)mg/L和 (63 61± 492 8)mg/L ,P =0 .0 3 3 ,血清抗核抗体和 (或 )抗平滑肌抗体阳性率高于AMA阳性患者 (分别为 81.8%和 40 .7% ,P =0 .0 3 1) ,在年龄、性别比例、临床表现、肝功能试验、组织学表现和病理分期等各方面和AMA阳性患者无显著性差异。结论　AMA阴性PBC患者除血清免疫球蛋白M较低及抗核抗体和 (或 )抗平滑肌抗体阳性率较高外 ,其他临床特征和AMA阳性者相似     

胆结石患者血清和胆汁幽门螺杆菌相关蛋白免疫印迹检测

目的：研究幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与胆石形成的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链免疫吸附法（ELISA）对胆结石患者的血清及胆汁免疫球蛋白IgG,IgA,IgM标本进行检测，对血清学及胆汁IgG均阳性患者的胆汁，采用免疫印迹法（Western blot)进行HP感染相关蛋白检测。结果：胆结石组50例患者中血清学及胆汁IgG均阳性者29例（58.0%)，另取非胆结石组13例作为对照，胆结石组与非胆结石组血清及胆汁HP免疫印迹检测，均可检出4种主要HP感染相关蛋白，但胆结石组血清及胆汁中UreA检出率较非胆结石组高。结论：胆汁中存在多种HP感染相关蛋白，并可能参与胆结石的形成。     

天津某医院严重急性呼吸综合征暴发期间血清流行病学调查

目的 研究本院严重SARS暴发流行后，疫源地不同人群血清SARS冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）抗体水平及其产生和变化规律；探讨人群SARS-CoV隐性感染和IgG抗体的保护作用。方法 采用血清流行病学法，联合运用ELISA和免疫荧光试验（IFA），调查疫情暴发流行期间及流行后，疫源地内非SARS人群血清抗体水平变化；定性研究SARS患者病后6周内IgM、IgG抗体产生和变化规律；动态观察SARS患者康复期82周内IgG抗体水平变化规律。结果 各100例疫源地一般人群和非疫源地对照人群血清SARS-CoV IgG抗体ELISA抽样检测均为阴性；487例SARS高危人群血清SARS-CoV IgG抗体ELISA检测阳性率为0．41％，经IFA复核后均为阴性；疫源地内非SARS人群IgG抗体A值水平在疫情流行后高于流行期间，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；SARS患者病后1～6周血清抗体IgM和IgG的阳性检出率分别为7．7％、40．0％、57．8％、88．2％、76．6％、57．1％和0、23．1％、48．4％、65．4％、77．8％、100．0％；SARS患者康复期血清IgG抗体A值逐渐增高，病后第22周达到高峰，此后缓慢下降，第82周时仍维持较高水平，下降趋势减缓。结论 SARS可能不存在隐性感染者；绝大多数SARS患者在急性期或恢复早期的血清中存在IgM抗体，其出现较早，消失也较快，抗体IgG出现稍晚，但在血清中存在时间较长，达到高峰后消退缓慢，提示该抗体可能具有保护作用。     

T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3与慢性病毒感染

T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3(Tim-3)为主要表达于T细胞表面的受体蛋白,可以激活Tim-3/Galectin-9(Tim-3L)信号通路导致淋巴细胞功能障碍甚至凋亡.HIV、HCV等病毒慢性感染时Tim-3在T细胞表达上调,而阻断Tim-3/Galectin-9通路可以部分恢复T细胞功能.因此,Tim-3表达可能与...