Effect of thrombocytopenia on mode of analgesia/anesthesia and maternal and neonatal outcomes

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose was to correlate the use of regional analgesia/anasthesia among women with different degrees of thrombocytopenia relative to women with normal platelet counts, and note maternal and neonatal outcome, and mode of delivery.

Methods: A case-control paradigm was developed based on women who delivered during 2007–2011 with platelet counts ≤80?000/mm³. For each woman in this “severe” thrombocytopenic group, an age- and parity-matched control was found who delivered a singleton within the same year but whose platelets were either 81?000–150?000/mm³ (“moderate” thrombocytopenia) or ≥151?000/mm³ (normal platelet counts).

Results: 168 women were identified for each group; mean maternal age (28.4 years), mean gravidity (4.3), mean parity (3.7), mean gestational age (39.2 weeks) and mean birth weight (3283?g) were comparable. However, only in the severe thrombocytopenic women were there very early preterm deliveries, lowest birth weight, lowest Apgar scores, the greatest number with serious post-partum hemorrhage (>500?ml); use of regional analgesia/anesthesia was lowest, and percent cesarean sections highest.

Conclusions: This study highlights potential for adverse maternal outcome of post-partum hemorrhage and adverse neonatal outcomes of prematurity, low birth weight, and low Apgar scores (but not neonatal death), and limited regional analgesia/anesthesia in women who present at delivery with severe (≤80?000/mm³) thrombocytopenia.     

Evaluation of fetal serum thiol/disulphide homeostasis in deliveries complicated by nuchal cord

Aim: To investigate the serum thiol/disulphide homeostasis in deliveries complicated by nuchal cord (NC) and to compare the results with healthy deliveries (without NC).

Methods: This prospective controlled study included 48 pregnant women complicated by NC and 48 similar gestational aged healthy pregnant women during labor. Fetal umbilical cord serum samples were collected during labor and the thiol/disulphide homeostasis was measured by using an automated assay method. The patients were followed up until end of the delivery and perinatal outcomes were recorded.

Results: Fetal umbilical cord native thiol, total thiol, and disulphide levels as well as disulphide/native thiol and disulphide/total thiol ratios are impaired in labor with the presence of NC. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of maternal and gestational age at delivery and maternal number of gravida and parity, fetal gender, fifth Apgar scores <7, mode of delivery and fetal birth weight between groups. The group of patients with NC had higher emergency C/S numbers indicated for fetal distress and lower first Apgar scores <7. There were no neonatal intensive care unit admissions among these babies.

Conclusions: Maternal serum thiol/disulphide homeostasis reflect transient effects of NC during labor regardless of labor type. Vaginal delivery can be safely and successfully performed in pregnancies complicated with NC.     

孕晚期孕妇钙元素含量对新生儿出生状况的影响

目的：探讨微量元素钙含量对新生儿出生状况的影响。方法：采用原子吸收光谱法测定816例孕晚期孕妇血清中钙元素的含量．并对所有新生儿进行体重、身长的测量及Apgar评分。结果：孕晚期孕妇钙元素缺乏者占59．80％．母钙元素正常者其新生儿出生时的体重高于母钙元素缺乏者新生儿出生时的体重,两者间差异有统计学意义。钙元素缺乏者其新生儿出生时的Apgar评分中,〈8分的人数构成高于钙元素正常者的新生儿人数．两者间差异有统计学意义。结论：孕晚期孕妇钙元素含量对新生儿出生状况有一定影响。孕妇在妊娠期间应加强营养,增加体内钙元素的含量和活性．以保证母婴健康。     

无应激试验和缩宫素激惹试验联合预测胎儿窘迫的临床价值

目的 探讨无应激试验(NST)和缩宫素激惹(OCT)试验联合胎心监护预测胎儿窘迫的临床价值.方法 产前对540例的孕妇行NST+OCT试验,460例行重复NST试验胎心监护预测胎儿窘迫,400例为对照组.产时观察羊水性状及产后新生儿Apgar评分.结果(1)NST+OCT组、重复NST组和对照组胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息的发生比例,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(2)OCT阳性组胎儿窘迫发生比例为59.3%(96/162),新生儿窒息为8.6%(14/162);重复NST异常组胎儿窘迫发生比例为21.7%(93/340),新生儿窒息为2.5%(10/340),OCT阳性组胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息发生比例高于重复NST异常组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);(3)NST+OCT试验预测胎儿窘迫的灵敏度为82.1%(96/117),特异度为84.4%(357/423),符合率为83.9%(453/540);(4)重复NST试验预测胎儿窘迫的灵敏度为87.7%(93/106),特异度为30.2%(107/354),符合率为43.5%(2001460).结论 (1)NST和OCT胎心监护不增加胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息的发生比例;(2)NST+OCT联合试验用于预测胎儿窘迫比重复NST试验更有应用价值,很大程度上提高了诊断准确率,为积极治疗提供可靠的依据,有助于降低围生儿窒息率及病死率,值得在临床广泛推广应用.     

脐动脉血pH值评价新生儿窒息的临床应用价值

目的探讨脐动脉血pH值评价新生儿窒息及预测窒息并发症的临床意义。方法抽取2006年1月—2008年4月在我院分娩的健康产妇552例。监测其新生儿脐动脉血pH值,分析脐动脉血pH值与生后1 min Apgar评分的关系,分别对脐动脉血pH值及1 min Apgar评分对于预测新生儿窒息并发症进行真实性的评价。结果1 min Apgar评分与脐动脉血pH值相关(χ2=278.13,P<0.05)。脐动脉血pH值对于预测窒息并发症较Apgar评分有更高的敏感度及特异度。pH值异常发生比例与HIE程度有关,随HIE程度的提高而增加(χ2=4.437,P<0.05)。结论脐动脉血pH值能客观评价新生儿出生时的状况,对监测新生儿预后、早期采取有效措施防治窒息并发症有指导意义。     

急诊剖宫产自决定手术至胎儿娩出时间的影响因素及其与新生儿预后的关系

目的:分析剖宫产从决定手术至胎儿娩出时间(DDI)的影响因素,以及急诊剖宫产DDI对新生儿预后的影响.方法:对472例剖宫产患者根据Lucas分类法分为两组:急诊剖宫产组(291例)与非急诊剖宫产组(181例);急诊剖宫产组中分为DDI≤30分钟组和DDI>30分钟组,分别回顾性分析影响DDI的重要因素、以及DDI对新生儿Apgar评分及脐动脉血气的影响.结果:①急诊剖宫产组的DDI为35.5±11.6分钟,其中210例(72.2%)DDI≤30分钟;非急诊剖宫产组DDI为49.3±22.8分钟,其中86例(47.5%)DDI≤30分钟;②急诊剖宫产组中,与DDI>30分钟相比,DDI≤30分钟可明显改善新生儿脐动脉血pH值以及1分钟Apgar评分(P<0.05);但5分钟Apgar评分比较,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③DDI>30分钟的主要原因为将孕妇由产房或待产室运送至手术室的耗时(56例,69.1%).结论:并非所有急诊剖宫产手术均能达到DDI≤30分钟的标准,尽量缩短DDI时间有助于最终改善新生儿预后.     

改良外科Apgar评分对肝门部胆管癌术后并发症的预测价值

目的探讨改良外科Apgar评分(mSAS)对肝门部胆管癌术后并发症的预测能力。方法回顾性分析2013年4月-2019年9月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院因肝门部胆管癌手术的患者188例,分为有并发症组(n=125)和无并发症组(n=63)。比较两组患者的临床资料,包括性别、年龄、CEA、CA19-9、Bismuth-Corlett分型、术前黄疸及Alb水平、外科Apgar评分(SAS)、手术方式等。偏态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用非参数Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。多因素分析采用logistic回归模型,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)。ROC曲线下面积(AUC)的比较采用Z检验。结果188例患者中125例术后出现了并发症,发生率为66.5%。并发症组与无并发症组间mSAS差异具有统计学意义(χ2=65.685,P<0.001)。mSAS高分组(n=101)术后并发症发生率为40.6%,而mSAS低分组(n=87)术后并发症发生率为96.6%;对并发症进一步分析显示,菌血症、肺部感染、腹腔感染、切口并发症、腹腔出血以及肝衰竭在两组间差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为15.196、52.245、48.409、5.556、11.087、17.772,P值均<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,mSAS[优势比(OR)=0.026,95%可信区间(95%CI:0.007~0.099,P<0.001)、手术方式(OR=2.195,95%CI:1.070~4.500,P=0.032)、术前黄疸水平(OR=2.470,95%CI:1.376~4.434,P=0.002)]是影响肝门部胆管癌术后并发症发生的独立因素。mSAS与SAS预测肝门部胆管癌术后出现并发症的AUC分别为0.830(95%CI:0.768~0.880)和0.776(95%CI:0.710~0.834)。mSAS的最佳临界值为6.5,敏感度为96.6%,特异度为59.4%,准确度为76.6%。结论mSAS有助于预测肝门部胆管癌术后并发症的发生。