温针灸联合玻璃酸钠关节腔内注射治疗膝骨性关节炎Meta分析

目的:系统评价温针灸联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝骨性关节炎的疗效。方法:计算机检索自建库截止至2018年7月PubMed,Wed of Science CBM,The Cochrane Library,EMBase,中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wan Fang Data)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)中关于温针灸联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝骨性关节炎的随机对照试验(RCTs)。由2位研究员分别进行文献筛选、数据提取和质量评价后,采用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:有15篇RCTs纳入本研究,共1247例膝骨性关节炎患者(试验组628例,对照组619例)。试验组:温针灸联合玻璃酸钠;对照组:玻璃酸钠/温针灸/其他治疗。Meta分析结果:试验组治疗膝骨性关节炎总有效率比玻璃酸钠组、温针灸组、其他组分别高15%、20%及24%,且差异有统计学意义(RR=1.15,95%CI:1.10～1.21,P<0.00001;RR=1.20,95%CI:1.05～1.36,P=0.005;RR=1.36,95%CI:1.11～1.66,P=0.003)。试验组治疗膝骨性关节炎改善视觉模拟(VAS)评分优于玻璃酸钠组、温针灸组及其他组,且差异有统计学意义(MD=-1.46,95%CI:-1.84～-1.08,P=0.009;MD=-4.73,95%CI:-6.46～-3.01,P<0.00001;MD=-1.83,95%CI:-2.39～-1.28,P<0.00001);试验组治疗膝骨性关节炎改善WOMAC评分优于温针灸组,且差异有统计学意义(MD=-37.11,95%CI:-49.36～-24.85,P<0.00001)。试验组治疗膝骨性关节炎改善膝关节(LKSS)评分优于玻璃酸钠组及温针灸组,且差异有统计学意义(MD=39.14,95%CI:20.87～57.42,P<0.0001;MD=41.05,95%CI:27.77～54.33,P<0.00001)。结论:温针灸联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝骨性关节炎疗效优于单一用药及其他组,不过本研究纳入文献的质量及数量有限,故仍需更多长时间随访且高质量的RCTs试验进一步验证。     

髌股关节骨性关节炎严重程度不影响保留髌骨全膝关节置换患者的预后

文题释义： 髌骨适合角：自股骨内外髁最高点分别向股骨髁间沟的最低点画2条直线，这2条线的夹角即为沟角，其角平分线和其顶点与髌骨下级之间的连线形成的夹角为适合角。 髌韧带比值：屈膝30°侧位像上使用Insall-Salvati指数评价髌骨的高度，测量髌腱长度即自髌骨下级至胫骨结节定点上缘，再测量髌骨最长对角线的长度，两者之间比为髌韧带比值。 背景：目前关于全膝关节置换过程中髌骨是否置换尚没有统一标准，对于髌骨置换和不置换的对照研究很多，但是在全膝关节置换不置换髌骨的研究中根据髌股关节炎严重程度分级来比较预后的研究很少。 目的：根据髌股关节炎的严重程度进行分级，比较髌股关节炎的轻重对保留髌骨的全膝关节置换疗效的影响。 方法：回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年1月郑州大学第一附属医院使用强生假体行髌骨保留的全膝关节置换患者192例的临床资料，随访时间大于2年。根据髌股关节炎影像学严重程度Lwano分类系统将患者分为2组，轻度组(0-Ⅰ期)83例，重度组(Ⅱ-Ⅳ期)109例。所有患者对治疗及试验方案均知情同意，且得到医院伦理委员会批准。使用美国膝关节协会评分、功能评分、Feller评分、膝前疼痛评分评估临床预后，使用髌骨倾斜角、适合角、髌骨外移距离、髌韧带比值评估影像学预后。运用t检验，分析患者术前、术后的临床和影像学结果。 结果与结论：①术后1例患者出现持续性膝前疼痛，1例患者伤口渗液，清创后二期愈合，其余均一期愈合；②术前轻度组和重度组患者的功能评分和美国膝关节协会评分差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，但术后2组功能评分和美国膝关节协会评分差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；③影像学上，2组术前髌骨倾斜角、适合角、髌骨外移距离差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，但术后2组髌骨倾斜角、适合角、髌骨外移距离差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；④提示在对保留髌骨的全膝关节置换患者进行至少2年的随访后发现，髌股关节炎的严重程度对患者的临床和影像学预后没有影响；即使在重度髌股关节炎患者中，保留髌骨的全膝关节置换后也能获得良好的预后。 ORCID: 0000-0002-2784-1542(徐长波) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

针刀松解联合丹参注射液关节腔注射治疗骨性关节炎模型兔

文题释义： 针刀疗法：用一个完整的语言来概括应该是一种介于手术方法和非手术疗法之间的闭合性松解术。针刀疗法是将东方中医学的基本理论和西方医学的手术解剖基本理论融为一体，针刀疗法其操作的特点是在治疗部位刺入深部到病变处进行轻松的切割、剥离等不同的刺激，以达到止痛祛病的目的。 丹参注射液：其化学成分主要是水溶性酚酸类化合物，通过多种靶标起到促进血液循环和祛瘀的作用。动物研究表明，丹参注射液可通过抑制IκBα磷酸化来抑制NF-κB信号通路的激活。保护软骨下骨及软骨细胞，有效防治骨关节炎。 背景：丹参注射液与针刀松解术都是临床中治疗骨关节炎很常用的技术，目前缺乏对2种治疗方法联合使用的研究。 目的：对比单独使用针刀松解术、单独使用丹参注射液与两种方法联合使用治疗兔模型骨关节炎的效果。 方法：实验方案经黑龙江中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。50只新西兰白兔分为5组：空白对照组；模型组；丹参注射液组；针刀组；针刀联合丹参注射液组。除空白对照组外，其他4组兔均制备膝关节骨关节炎模型。造模成功后，对针刀组兔内外侧支持带、内外侧膝眼，膝关节上方髌上囊、股四头肌各肌肌腹，膝关节内侧股薄肌肌腹及止点、收肌肌群肌腹及止点和胫骨平台附近部位进行针刀松解；空白对照组及模型组兔关节腔注射生理盐水0.3 mL；丹参注射液组兔关节腔每次注射0.3 mL丹参注射液；针刀联合丹参注射液组：每周进行1次针刀治疗同针刀组，每次针刀干预之后，关节腔注0.3 mL丹参注射液。上述干预每周1次，持续5周。对各组兔膝关节软骨进行大体观察及病理切片组织学观察，ELISA 检测关节液白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子α水平。 结果与结论：①大体观察：模型组膝关节磨损较为严重，针刀组、丹参注射液组、针刀联合丹参注射液组膝关节轻度磨损；②病理切片评分：丹参注射液组评分略高于针刀组和针刀联合丹参注射液组差异无显著性意义；③ELISA 检测结果：针刀联合丹参注射液组白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子α水平显著低于或针刀组或丹参注射液组(P < 0.05)；④结果说明，在兔膝关节骨关节炎模型中降低白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子α水平方面，针刀松解术结合丹参注射液关节腔注射治优于单独使用针刀或单独使用丹参注射液关节腔注射。ORCID: 0000-0003-4119-633X(刘广宇) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程     

血清β-Amyloid水平在膝骨关节炎发生评估中的应用价值

目的：探讨膝骨关节炎（KOA）患者血清中β-Amyloid水平与KOA发生及预后的相关性。方法：从温州医科大学附属第二医院育英儿童医院住院患者中选取56例经全膝关节置换或膝关节镜手术治疗的KOA患者为试验组和25 例非KOA患者为对照组。试验组根据X线Kellgren-Lawrence（K-L）分级方法分级，同时收集手术患者术前术后血清标本，采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA)测定血清β-Amyloid水平后，绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评价血清β-Amyloid对KOA的预测价值，采用Spearman秩相关分析患者血清β-Amyloid水平与KOA的相关性，应用Pearson相关性分析患者手术前后血清β-Amyloid变化值与患者住院时间的相关性。结果：试验组患者血清β-Amyloid水平高于对照组（P ＜0.001）；Logistic回归分析显示β-Amyloid是KOA患病的危险因素（OR =15.122，P ＜0.05)；ROC曲线分析显示，β-Amyloid cut off值等 于0.770，曲线下面积（AUC）为0.752，95%CI =0.636～0.867，敏感度85.5%，特异度60.0%；K-L2组患者血清β-Amyloid低于K-L3/4组患者（P =0.041）；β-Amyloid的表达与KOA严重程度分级呈显著正相关（r =0.332，P =0.013）；术前KOA患者血清β-Amyloid水平高于术后（P =0.002），KOA患者手术前后血清β-Amyloid变化 值与患者住院时间呈显著负相关（r =-0.949，P ＜ 0.001）。结论：β-Amyloid是KOA患病的危险因素，血清β-Amyloid水平可能成为一种潜在的评估KOA发生及预后的生物标志物。     

What Factors Predict Patient Dissatisfaction After Contemporary Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy?

BackgroundAlthough current advances in surgical techniques have improved outcomes of the medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), the factors associated with patient dissatisfaction remain unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for patient dissatisfaction following contemporary MOWHTO.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data on 140 consecutive MOWHTO patients using an anatomical locking plate with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Patient demographics, pain Visual Analogue Scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade, activity level, articular cartilage and meniscal status, hip-knee-ankle angle, change in alignment, and postoperative weight-bearing line ratio were recorded. Patients were categorized using the New Knee Society Score into satisfied (satisfaction score ≥20) or dissatisfied (satisfaction score <20) groups. Patient and surgical factors were compared between the groups by the identified predictors. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors, including K-L grade IV medial osteoarthritis (OA), preoperative pain Visual Analogue Scale, total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle, change in alignment, and partial meniscectomy.ResultsOf the 140 patients, 24 (17.1%) were dissatisfied with their results. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only K-L grade IV medial OA was statistically associated with patient dissatisfaction following MOWHTO (odds ratio 4.911, 95% confidence interval 1.820-13.256, P < .01).ConclusionSevere medial OA was an independent risk factor for dissatisfaction following contemporary MOWHTO using a rigid locking plate. Surgeons should take this into consideration when counseling and choosing surgical options in MOWHTO candidates with severe medial OA.Level of EvidenceLevel III.     

Assessing the Effects of Geniculate Artery Embolization in a Nonsurgical Animal Model of Osteoarthritis

PurposeTo create a nonsurgical animal model of osteoarthritis (OA) to evaluate the effects of embolotherapy during geniculate artery embolization (GAE).Materials and MethodsFluoroscopy-guided injections of 700 mg of sodium monoiodoacetate were performed into the left stifle in 6 rams. Kinematic data were collected before and after induction. At 10 weeks after induction, Subjects 1 and 4–6 underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) and Subjects 1, 3, and 4–6 underwent angiography with angiographic scoring to identify regions with greatest disease severity for superselective embolization (75–250-μm microspheres). Target vessel size was measured. At 24 weeks after angiography, DCE-MR imaging, angiography, and euthanasia were performed, and bilateral stifles were harvested. Medial/lateral tibial and femoral condylar, patellar, and synovial samples were cut, preserved, decalcified, and scored using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International criteria. The stifle and synovium Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score and Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study score were determined. The volume transfer constant (K_trans) and extracellular volume fraction (v_e) were calculated from DCE-MR imaging along the lateral synovial regions of interest.ResultsThe mean gross and microscopic pathological scores were elevated at 38 and 61, respectively. Mean synovitis score was elevated at 9.2. Mean pre-embolization and postembolization angiographic scores were 5 and 3.8, respectively. Mean superior, transverse, and inferior geniculate artery diameters were 3.1 mm ± 1.21, 2.0 mm ± 0.50, and 1.6 mm ± 0.41 mm, respectively. Mean pre-embolization and postembolization cartilage and synovitis scores were elevated at 35.13 and 73.3 and 5.5 and 9.2, respectively. The K_trans/v_e values of Subjects 4, 5, and 6 were elevated at 0.049/0.38, 0.074/0.53, and 0.065/0.51, respectively. Altered gait of the hind limb was observed in all subjects after induction, with reduced joint mobility. No skin necrosis or osteonecrosis was observed.ConclusionsA nonsurgical ovine animal knee OA model was created, which allowed the collection of angiographic, histopathological, MR imaging, and kinematic data to study the effects of GAE.     

Long-term durable repaired cartilage induced by SOX9 in situ with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Background: Microfracture is a common procedure for cartilage repair, but it often produces inferior fibrocartilage. We previously reported that a super positively charged SOX9 (scSOX9) promoted hyaline-like cartilage regeneration by inducing bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes in vivo. Here we examined the long-term efficacy of cartilage repair induced by microfracture with scSOX9 by assessing the biomechanical property of the repaired cartilage.Methods: A cartilage defect was created at the right femoral trochlear groove in New Zealand female rabbits and microfracture was performed. The scSOX9 protein was administered at the site of microfracture incorporated in a collagen membrane.Results: At 12 and 24 weeks, scSOX9 treatment induced hyaline-like cartilage while collagen-membrane alone induced fibrocartilage and mutant scSOX9-A76E poorly induced cartilage repair. The cartilage matrix in scSOX9-treated group showed highly enriched proteoglycan content. Consistent with the histological feature and the thickness of the repaired cartilage, the mechanical property of scSOX9-induced cartilage was also similar to that of normal cartilage.Conclusion: This long-term in vivo study demonstrated that in combination with microfracture, scSOX9 was able to induce reparative tissue with features of hyaline cartilage which was durable in long-term. This technology has the potential to translate into clinical use for cartilage repair to prevent progression to osteoarthritis.