血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平在胸主动脉瘤患者中的检测意义

目的 探究血清基质金属蛋白酶11（MMP-11）、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β1）水平在胸主动脉瘤患者中的检测意义。方法 选取我院2020年7月~2020年12月收治的30例胸主动脉瘤患者为研究对象,将其纳入研究组;再以30例健康体检志愿者为对照,将其纳入对照组。对比两组受试者初检时血清MMP-11、TGF-β1表达水平差异,经Pearson相关系数分析胸主动脉瘤患者血清MMP-11与血清TGF-β1水平的相关性;根据病理类型,将研究组患者分为真性动脉瘤组和主动脉夹层动脉瘤组两个亚组,比较其血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平的差异。结果 研究组血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;胸主动脉瘤患者血清MMP-11与血清TGF-β1水平呈正相关性（P<0.05）;真性动脉瘤组患者血清MMP-11、TGF-β1水平明显高于主动脉夹层动脉瘤组（P<0.05）。结论 胸主动脉瘤患者中血清MMP-11表达与TGF-β1调控关系密切,了解MMP-11、TGF-β1表达水平有利于临床防治胸主动脉瘤。     

关节镜清理联合透明质酸钠治疗膝骨关节炎的短期疗效

目的探究关节镜下清理术联合透明质酸钠腔内注射治疗早中期膝关节骨关节炎的短期临床效果及血清相关指标的变化。 方法回顾性分析广州中医药大学附属佛山市中医院骨科2017年7月至2019年5月收治的膝关节骨关节炎患者。共有108例纳入本研究,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n＝54)和观察组(n＝54)。两组患者均接受关节镜下膝关节清理术,对照组术后给予安慰剂关节腔内注射,观察组术后给予透明质酸钠关节腔内注射,治疗时间4周,治疗后随访6个月。比较两组治疗前后的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、日常生活活动量表(ADL)及Lysholm膝关节评分、血清基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-1)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)、白介素-1(IL-1)、一氧化氮(NO)和血沉(ESR)的水平,采用t检验比较两组之间的差异。记录两组并发症情况,采用卡方检验评估两组间差异。 结果治疗6个月后,两组ADL及Lysholm评分较治疗前显著升高,治疗后观察组高于对照组(t＝8.390、11.690,P<0.05)。治疗4周后,两组血清MMP-1、COMP、IL-1、NO、ESR水平和VAS评分较治疗前显著降低,治疗后观察组低于对照组(t＝26.284、4.293、5.023、10.508、5.351、8.701, P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组并发症发生率为5.56%,与对照组(16.67%)相比,差异无统计学意义(χ²＝2.352,P>0.05)。 结论关节镜下清理术联合透明质酸钠腔内注射治疗早中期膝关节骨关节炎,能在短期内缓解膝关节疼痛、促进关节功能恢复、减轻炎症反应、改善软骨代谢,但远期效果尚需进一步探索和验证。     

MT2-MMP在Ⅱ期肺腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨MT2-MMP在肺腺癌患者组织中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法 收集40例病理TNM分期Ⅱ期的肺腺癌组织标本,其癌旁正常组织为对照组,进行HE染色,免疫组织化学方法检测MT2-MMP的表达进行半定量分析;应用卡方检验分析MT2-MMP表达与临床病理特征的关系;结合TCGA肺腺癌数据分析MT2-MMP在肺腺癌中的表达情况。结果 肺腺癌组织呈现明显的肿瘤无序增殖病理特征;MT2-MMP在肺腺癌中表达高于癌旁正常组织,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001);肺腺癌组织中的MT2-MMP的表达水平与患者的肿瘤大小有关(P＜0.01),而与性别、年龄、是否有淋巴转移无明显相关(P＞0.05);TCGA大数据分析结果显示肺腺癌Ⅱ期及其他各期MT2-MMP的表达均显著高于正常组织,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 MT2-MMP在Ⅱ期肺腺癌组织中呈高表达,可能参与肺腺癌早期的恶性进展,对肺腺癌的早期诊断具有潜在价值。     

Tumor-Derived Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) Expression in Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is a hypothetical prognostic marker in invasive breast cancer. This study aimed to determine MMP-13 expression in benign and malignant breast lesions and to evaluate the correlation between MMP-13 expression and tumor characteristics in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Materials and Method: We evaluated cytoplasmic expression of MMP-13 based on staining index using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in epithelial cells, stromal fibroblasts of IDC (n=90) and benign epithelial breast (n=90) lesions. Correlation between IHC and tumor size, lymph node status, distance metastasis, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her-2/neu was assessed. Results: MMP-13 expression was 45% and 38.8% in malignant epithelial cells and peritumoral fibroblasts, respectively. Only low level of MMP-13 expression was seen in benign breast lesions (8.8% in epithelial component and 2.2% in stromal fibroblasts), while high level of MMP-13 expression was noted in malignant tumors, mainly grade II or III. Cytoplasmic MMP-13 expressions in epithelial tumor cells was correlated significantly with peritumoral fibroblasts. MMP-13 expression was directly correlated with distant metastasis and tumor stage in epithelial tumoral cells and was inversely correlated with progesterone expression in both tumoral and stromal cells. Conclusion: This study showed that MMP-13 was a moderator for tumor invasion and metastasis and could be an independent predictor of poor prognosis in breast cancer. The role of MMP-13 in predicting the risk of malignant transformation in benign lesions should be further investigated.     

The importance of temperature on the neurovascular unit

Therapeutic hypothermia is the only treatment that has been shown to be of benefit to infant's ≥ 36 weeks of gestation with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy. The evidence for the benefit is based on multiple, well-designed randomized clinical trials. Based on this data, the use of therapeutic hypothermia has been widely disseminated throughout the neonatal community. An important concept in hypoxic–ischemic brain injury is the functioning of the neurovascular unit which links neurons, non-neuronal cellular elements and the capillary endothelial cells to promote optimal barrier maintenance between the brain and systemic circulation, regulation of blood flow and neuro-immunologic functioning. Hypoxic–ischemic injury can trigger increased permeability of the blood‐brain-barrier via molecular events within the neurovascular unit and initiate pathways to brain injury. In addition, exposure of the brain to cellular elements from the systemic circulation can further propagate the neuro-inflammatory response. The influence of temperature on injury to the neurovascular unit has received relatively little attention. This review will focus on one component of the neurovascular unit, the blood‐brain barrier and its constituents. Specifically, this review will address the effects of hypoxia–ischemia and temperature on the neurovascular unit and potential knowledge gaps which may serve as areas for further investigation.     

Homocysteine enriched diet leads to prolonged QT interval and reduced left ventricular performance in telemetric monitored mice

Background and aims

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing, non-protein amino acid produced in the metabolic pathway of methionine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with cerebro- and cardiovascular disease in industrialized countries, mostly resulting from protein rich diet and sedentary life style. Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in cardiac remodeling, leading to degradation of intercellular junctions, cardiac connexins and basement membranes. The study was designed to investigate the relationship between Hcy, cardiac remodeling, cardiac performance, and rhythm disturbances in an animal model of hyperhomocysteinemia. We tested the hypothesis that induction of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 leads to connexin 40, connexin 43, connexin 45 expression changes contributing to decreased cardiac performance and disturbed atrioventricular conduction.

Methods and results

Hcy was added to drinking water of male C57/BL6J mice to achieve moderate Hcy blood levels. ECG was monitored in conscious mice with a telemetric ECG device; echocardiography was used for assessment of left ventricular function. Immunoblotting was used to evaluate matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, connexin 40, connexin 43, and connexin 45 expression in cardiac tissue. Animals fed Hcy showed significant prolongation of QRS, QTc, and PR intervals along with reduced left ventricular function. Western blotting showed increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and decreased expression of connexin 40, 43, and 45.

Conclusion

Hcy has been identified as a nutritional factor contributing to cardiovascular disease. Cardiac remodeling induced by matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and decreased expression of connexin 40, 43, and 45 appears to play a role in the pathomechanism of atrioventricular conduction delay and ventricular dilatation in hyperhomocysteinemia.     

胸腺瘤MSCT征象与PCNA及MMP-2表达的相关性

目的:探讨胸腺瘤MSCT征象与增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)在胸腺瘤组织中表达的相关性。方法:对46例胸腺瘤患者行MSCT平扫,其中21例行增强扫描,所有胸腺瘤标本行免疫组化SP法染色,分析MSCT征象与PCNA、MMP-2表达水平的相关性。结果:胸腺瘤CT征象中的病灶直径大于10cm,分叶征,病灶边缘不光滑,纵膈脂肪线消失,胸膜、心包及大血管侵犯,纵隔淋巴结、远处转移及病灶高强化程度与胸腺瘤组织PCNA及MMP-2的高表达具有显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论:MSCT征象能在一定程度上反映胸腺瘤的病理学特点,有利于术前无创地评估肿瘤生物学行为。