Insufficient CD100 shedding contributes to suppression of CD8+ T-cell activity in non-small cell lung cancer

CD100 is an immune semaphorin constitutively expressed on T-cells. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is an important mediator of membrane-bound CD100 (mCD100) cleavage to generate soluble CD100 (sCD100), which has immunoregulatory activity in immune cell responses. The aim of the study was to investigate the level and role of sCD100 and mCD100 in modulating CD8⁺ T-cell function in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). sCD100 and MMP-14 levels in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and mCD100 expression on peripheral and lung-resident CD8⁺ T-cells were analysed in NSCLC patients. The ability to induce sCD100 and the effect of MMP-14 on mCD100 shedding for the regulation of non-cytolytic and cytolytic functions of CD8⁺ T-cells were also analysed in direct and indirect contact co-culture systems. NSCLC patients had lower serum sCD100 and higher mCD100 levels on CD8⁺ T-cells compared with healthy controls. BALF from the tumour site also had decreased sCD100 and increased mCD100 on CD8⁺ T-cells compared with the non-tumour site. Recombinant CD100 stimulation enhanced non-cytolytic and cytolytic functions of CD8⁺ T-cells from NSCLC patients, whereas blockade of CD100 receptor CD72 attenuated CD8⁺ T-cell activity. NSCLC patients had lower MMP-14 in the serum and in BALF from the tumour site. Recombinant MMP-14 mediated mCD100 shedding from CD8⁺ T-cell membrane, and led to promotion of CD8⁺ T-cell response in NSCLC patients. Overall, decreased MMP-14 resulted in insufficient CD100 shedding, leading to suppression of peripheral and lung-resident CD8⁺ T-cell activity in NSCLC.     

威灵仙提取物可促进体外牵张应力环境下软骨细胞表型的维持

文题释义： 牵张应力环境：即向各个方向拉伸的受力环境。通过FLEXCELL-5000拉力培养系统给予软骨细胞稳定、间歇性的平面拉伸运动,使细胞处在受力环境中生长,模拟拉力、剪切力等软骨细胞所受的生物力学刺激。 软骨细胞表型：正常软骨细胞以基质蛋白Ⅱ型胶原的分泌为标志,处在基质合成分解相对平衡的稳定状态,软骨细胞发生退行性病变时,其Ⅱ型胶原分泌降低,而基质金属蛋白酶等表达上调,代谢平衡打破,分解代谢上调。 背景：机械负荷是软骨细胞退行性改变及骨关节炎发展过程中的重要因素,威灵仙能够改善骨关节炎炎性微环境,但其对机械负荷诱导的软骨细胞退行性改变的作用尚未阐明。 目的：探讨威灵仙提取物对体外间歇性循环牵张拉伸诱导的软骨细胞退行性改变的影响及机制。 方法：Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法分离兔膝关节软骨细胞并通过阿利新蓝染色鉴定;实验将软骨细胞分为5组：空白组、间歇性循环牵张拉伸组、威灵仙低、中、高质量浓度组。空白组无任何干预,其他4组利用FLEXCELL-5000T牵张拉伸系统对软骨细胞施加间歇性循环牵张拉伸(10%拉伸强度、8 h/d、0.5 Hz、2 d)刺激,诱导软骨细胞退行性改变,威灵仙各组在施加相同的刺激同时添加0.5,1,2 g/L威灵仙提取物,干预48 h;CCK-8法检测各组软骨细胞增殖活性;FITC-鬼笔环肽染色观察各组细胞骨架形态;实时定量PCR和蛋白免疫印迹法检测各组细胞Ⅱ型胶原、基质金属蛋白酶13、转化生长因子β的表达。 结果与结论：①与空白组相比,间歇性循环牵张拉伸刺激后软骨细胞骨架呈长条状拉伸状态,细胞增殖活性降低,转化生长因子β、Ⅱ型胶原表达均下调,而基质金属蛋白酶13表达上调;②与间歇性循环牵张拉伸组相比,威灵仙提取物能够促进软骨细胞增殖,上调转化生长因子β、Ⅱ型胶原表达,下调基质金属蛋白酶13表达,且效果与质量浓度相关;③结果表明,威灵仙提取物能够通过调控转化生长因子β表达抑制间歇性循环牵张拉伸诱导的软骨细胞分解代谢,促进软骨细胞外基质的合成,维持软骨细胞表型稳定。 ORCID: 0000-0003-0930-0467(涂鹏程) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Serum cytokine changes induced by direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber in patients with acute respiratory failure

BackgroundPolymyxin B-immobilized Fiber therapy (PMX-DHP) may improve the prognosis of patients with rapidly progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). However, the mechanisms by which PMX-DHP ameliorates oxygenation are unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the changes in serum cytokine concentrations during PMX-DHP with steroid pulse therapy.MethodsPatients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) and rapidly progressive ILDs, acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and treated with PMX-DHP were assessed, including patients with IPF. The serum concentrations of 38 cytokines were compared between the ARF and IPF groups before treatment. In the ARF group, cytokine levels were compared before, immediately after PMX-DHP, and the day after termination of steroid pulse therapy.ResultsFourteen ARF and eight IPF patients were enrolled. A comparison of the cytokine levels before treatment initiation revealed that EGF, GRO, IL-10, MDC, IL-12p70, IL-15, sCD40L, IL-7, IP-10, MCP-1, and MIP-1β were significantly different between the two groups. In the ARF group treated with PMX-DHP, the concentrations of MDC, IP-10, and TNF-α continuously decreased during treatment (P < 0.01). Further, the cytokine levels of GRO, IL-10, IL-1Ra, IL-5, IL-6, and MCP-1 decreased after the entire treatment period, with no change observed during the steroid-only period (P < 0.01, except GRO and MCP-1). Although PMX-DHP significantly reduced eotaxin and GM-CSF serum levels (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05), these levels did not change after treatment.ConclusionsPMX-DHP combined with steroid pulse therapy might reduce GRO, IL-10, IL-1Ra, IL-5, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels in ARF, contributing to better oxygenation in the disorder.     

食管鳞癌组织中S100A4和MMP2蛋白表达与临床病理学特征的关系

目的:探讨食管鳞癌组织和癌旁正常黏膜组织中S100A4和MMP2的表达及其与食管鳞癌临床病理因素之间的关系.方法:应用SP免疫组织化学技术检测100例食管鳞癌及其癌旁正常黏膜组织中S100A4和MMP2蛋白的表达.结果:食管鳞癌组织中S100A4和MMP2蛋白阳性率分别为52.00%和67.00%,明显高于癌旁正常黏膜组织26.00%和3 1.00%(P<0.01).二者在食管鳞癌中的表达呈正相关,且与癌组织的分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05).结论:S100A4可能通过对MMP-2蛋白的调控在食管鳞癌的发生、发展及食管鳞癌的早期侵袭转移中起关键作用,有望成为评估食管癌预后的一个新的标志物.     

Differential regulation of gastric tumor growth by cytokines that signal exclusively through the coreceptor gp130

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We have shown that mice with a mutation in gp130 (gp130(757F/F)), the signal transducing receptor for interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokines, have chronic gastric inflammation and develop distal stomach tumors associated with deregulated phosphorylated STAT3 expression. This model recapitulates many characteristics of intestinal-type gastric cancer in humans. METHODS: To evaluate the role of IL-6 and IL-11 as ligands regulating tumor growth and submucosal invasion, we compared tumor characteristics of gp130(757F/F) mice with gp130(757F/F) mice lacking IL-6 or mature T and B cells. RESULTS: As a result of the gp130(757F/F) mutation, expression of IL-6 and IL-11 was greatly up-regulated concomitant with activation of STAT3 and development of tumors. However, the lack of IL-6 or T and B cells did not impact on tumor growth. While IL-6 did not regulate tumor growth or tumor vascularization, gp130(757F/F)/IL-6(-/-) mice showed approximately 10-20-fold more submucosal tumor invasion, reduced mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate, and greater IL-11 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and MMP-9 synthesis than gp130(757F/F) mice. Expression of MMP-13 was largely restricted to tumor-associated stroma, but MMP-9 was also expressed in polymorphonuclear cells and a subset of epithelial cells. In addition, treatment with recombinant IL-11 stimulated expression of MMP-13 and MMP-9 in stomachs of wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS: Increased submucosal invasion in gp130(757F/F)/IL-6(-/-) mice could not be explained by increased vascularization or reduced immunosurveillance but was most likely facilitated by augmented metalloproteinase activity driven by elevated IL-11 levels.     

Decreased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Levels in Coronary Artery Aneurysmatic Patients

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of arterial aneurysms through increased proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteins. Increased proteolysis due to elevated matrix degrading enzyme activity in the arterial wall may act as a susceptibility factor for the development of coronary aneurysms. Plasmin strongly stimulates pro-MMP enzyme conversion to the active form. Plasmin hyperactivity due to decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) may cause MMP over activity and coronary aneurysms. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between PAI-1 and presence of coronary aneurysms. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with aneurysmal coronary artery disease and stable angina were enrolled into study (Group 1). Twenty-two patients without coronary aneurysm were selected as a control group (Group 2). PAI-1 was measured in peripheral venous blood. RESULTS: The plasma PAI-1 level was lower in the coronary artery aneurysmatic patients compared to the control group (8.41 +/- 4.28 vs. 13.32 +/- 10.05 ng/ml, p = 0.037). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) values were not significantly different between groups (3.83 +/- 1.08 vs. 4.01 +/- 1.35 mg/l, p >0.05). CONCLUSION: Increased matrix degrading enzyme activity can cause arterial wall destruction through increased proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteins. Unregulated plasmin hyperactivity due to decreased inhibition by PAI-1 may play an important role in coronary aneurysm formation.     

基质金属蛋白酶-9与2型糖尿病大血管病变的关系及辛伐他汀的治疗作用

目的　探讨基质金属蛋白酶 9(MMP 9)与 2型糖尿病大血管病变的关系和辛伐他汀血管保护作用的机制。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了 4 0名正常对照者和 80例 2型糖尿病患者 (其中单纯 2型糖尿病者4 0例 ,大血管病变者 4 0例 )血清中的MMP 9,分析其与大血管病变之间的关系 ,并观察辛伐他汀治疗前后MMP 9、血脂的变化。结果　大血管病变组血清中MMP 9的质量浓度显著高于单纯 2型糖尿病组和正常对照组。MMP 9与胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、氧化低密度脂蛋白 (Ox LDL)、血压呈正相关 ,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)呈负相关。辛伐他汀治疗后血清MMP 9、TC、LDL、Ox LDL明显下降。结论　血清中MMP 9质量浓度的检测对监测 2型DM大血管病变的发生、发展有重要的临床意义。辛伐他汀通过降低血清MMP 9的质量浓度发挥其对血管的保护作用     

NS-398对HGF诱导的肝癌细胞株MMP-7,MMP-9,TIMP-1表达的影响

目的:研究选择性COX-2抑制剂NS-398对肝癌细胞株MMP和TIMP表达的影响,探讨选择性COX-2抑制剂降低肿瘤细胞侵袭力的机制．方法:以不同浓度的NS-398(0,20,40,60, 80μmol/L)作用于HGF诱导的HepG2细胞,免疫组化法观察细胞中MMP-7,MMP-9,TIMP-1的蛋白质表达,ELISA法检测细胞外培养液中MMP-7,MMP-9,TIMP-1的含量,RT-PCR法分析3种蛋白酶的mRNA转录水平．结果:NS-398作用细胞48 h后,发现MMP-7, MMP-9,TIMP-1的蛋白质表达程度均下降, NS-398作用于HepG2细胞后,MMP-7在培养液中的含量和其在细胞内的mRNA相对水平分别为8．2±0．6,5．8±0．8,4．3±0．8,2．7±0．4, 1．7±0．4μg／L和0．58±0．06,0．42±0．03,0.37±0．01,0．36±0．01,0．33±0．01:MMP-9在培养液中未检出,其细胞内mRNA相对水平分别为0．32±0．02,0．23±0．02,0．21±0．01,0．17±0．01,0．13±0．01;TIMP-1在培养液中的含量和其在细胞内的mRNA相对水平分别为39．0±0．9,29．5±2．8,25．0±0．9,16．8±0．4,11．8±0．3μg/L和0．19±0．02,0．17±0．02,0．16±0．01, 0．13±0．01．0．结论:选择性COX-2抑制剂能够抑制MMP和TIMP基因转录,使TIMP/MMP比例失衡,这可能是其降低肿瘤细胞侵袭力的机制之一．     

E-钙黏素、MMP2和ICAM-1的表达与胃癌中医证型的关系

目的:通过检测E-钙黏素(E-Cad)、MMP2和ICAM-1在胃癌不同证型的表达,探讨基因表达与胃癌中医证型的关系.方法:胃癌标本59例,其中肝胃不和型10例、脾胃虚寒型10例、胃热伤阴型9例、痰湿凝结型10例、瘀毒内阻型10例和气血双亏型10例;采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测六型胃癌组织E-Cad、MMP2和ICAM-1mRNA的表达水平,并对各基因在不同证型的表达情况以及证型与基因的关系进行分析.结果:3种目的基因在6种证型中的表达均有很大差异,其中,E-Cad在胃热伤阴型与气血双亏型中的表达有显著性差异(0.58±0.11vs0.89±0.25,P=0.026),MMP2在肝胃不和型与瘀毒内阻、气血双亏两型有显著性差异(0.78±0.26vs1.27±0.44,P=0.006;0.78±0.26vs1.30±0.59,P=0.004),胃热伤阴型与瘀毒内阻、气血双亏两型有显著性差异(0.86±0.22vs1.27±0.44,P=0.024;0.86±0.22vs1.30±0.59,P=0.016),脾胃虚寒型与瘀毒内阻、气血双亏两型有显著性差异(0.86±0.22vs1.27±0.44,P=0.020;0.86±0.22vs1.30±0.59,P=0.013);ICAM-1在各证型间无显著差别,但已有组间差别的趋势.结论:不同证型胃癌的转移机制存在一定的差异,基因表达的差异可能是形成不同证型的物质基础之一.     

广谱基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂对高血压性脑卒中影响的实验研究

目的研究广谱基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂多西环素对卒中易感型自发性高血压大鼠(SHR-SP)脑血管系统基质金属蛋白酶的作用,探讨多西环素对脑卒中的发病率及病死率的影响。方法80只7周龄雄性SHR-SP大鼠随机分为药物干预组和对照组,每组再随机分为两个亚组,一个亚组用于观察脑卒中体征的发生情况,并比较两组脑卒中的发病率和病死率;采用明胶酶谱分析存活大鼠脑组织MMP-2和MMP-9活性,另一亚组进行血流动力学分析,且经氯化三苯基四唑氮(TTC)染色后用于分析脑卒中病灶的范围、数量和体积。结果(1)血流动力学分析显示多西环素组左心室 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmin值较对照组增大[(15410.1±1679.2比对照组13684.1±1882.2和-10976.8±1372.6比对照组-9429.6±1840.9)mmHg/s,P<0.05]。(2)脑组织明胶酶谱分析显示多西环素组脑组织MMP-2活性较对照组降低。(3)大脑TTC染色结果显示多西环素组脑卒中病灶体积与对照组比较无显著性差异[(205.4±244.4比对照组167.1±274.3)mm3,P>0.05]。而多西环素组脑出血体积有大于对照组的趋势,但无统计学差异[(19.6±42.1比对照组3.4±5.0)mm3,P=0.176]。(4)多西环素组与对照组比较,脑卒中的病灶率(χ2=0.042)与病死率(χ2=0.135)无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论多西环素可以抑制SHR-SP大脑中MMP-2活性,但在血压未控制时不能有效降低SHR-SP脑卒中发病率及脑卒中病灶体积。