两种膀胱冲洗液温度对经尿道前列腺电切除术后出血和膀胱痉挛的影响

目的 探讨两种膀胱洗液温度对经尿道前列腺电切除(TURP)术后出血量和膀胱痉挛的影响.方法 采用Excel电子表格程序完成试验分组的随机化,将96例TURP术后患者分为试验组(n=48)和对照组(n=48).手术结束后,所有患者立即行持续膀胱冲洗.冲洗液温度:试验组为(35.50±1.50)℃,对照组为(26.18±0.82)℃.结果 试验组术后膀胱冲洗液量少于对照组(P<0.05),且血块堵管、膀胱痉挛的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 将冲洗液加温至(35.50±1.50)℃进行持续膀胱冲洗,可有效减轻TURP术后出血、膀胱痉挛等不良反应.     

体温升高对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接PCI术后的影响

目的观察急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后体温升高对其近期预后的不良影响。方法回顾性分析282例直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,按照直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者住院期间所测体温的峰值分为两组:体温37.5℃(体温升高组)和体温≤37.5℃(对照组)。比较两组6个月主要心脏不良事件的发生率(心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死及再血管化重建)。结果体温升高组占总人数37.6%(106/282)。白细胞计数、高敏C反应蛋白及肌钙蛋白I水平体温升高组均高于对照组(P0.05);既往心肌梗死发生频率及左心室射血分数体温升高组均低于对照组(P0.05);在高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、血管造影及介入治疗等方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。6个月主要心脏不良事件体温升高组患者明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论体温升高是急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后近期预后的不良预测因子。     

温度对酯酶测定法检测淡色库蚊对DDVP的抗药性的影响

目的：用室内多年选育的抗DDVP淡色库蚊抗性株在室内和现场进行试验，以比较WHO标准法和微板测定法在检测蚊虫对DDVP抗药性的差别。方法：微板测定法、生理测定法。结果：用两种方法在温度为23－32℃范围内分别对淡色库蚊进行DDVP抗药性检测，WHO法结果与温度无关，而NSE法结果与温度有关。为消除温度对检测的影响，在缩短孵育时间后，在27－31℃对野外淡色库蚊对DDVP抗性测定，NSE法测定为WHO法结果相同。结论：NSE法检测蚊虫的DDVP抗药性可随外界温度升高而增加，实际应用时应缩短孵育时间加以纠正。     

Impact of meteorological factors on the emergence of bronchiolitis in North-western Greece

Objective

To evaluate the relationship between meteorological factors in North-western Greece and the incidence of bronchiolitis.

盐酸多西环素微球温敏凝胶剂的表征及对大鼠牙周炎的药效评价

目的：评价盐酸多西环素（ Doxycycline Hydrochloride,DXY）微球温敏凝胶剂（ DXY-MS-GEL）的体外特性和对大鼠实验性牙周炎的治疗效果。方法：通过胶凝化温度和体外释药曲线评价DXY-MS-GEL的体外特性。采用内毒素隔日注射法建立Wistar大鼠牙周炎动物模型。将大鼠随机分为3组,空白对照组不予处理,实验组给以自制的DXY微球温敏性凝胶,阳性对照组给以盐酸米诺环素（派丽奥）软膏,隔日注射1次×5。末次给药后1 d测定牙龈出血指数、牙周指数、牙周探诊深度、菌斑指数、牙槽骨丧失量,观察组织病理学切片。结果：DXY-MS-GEL在室温下为自由流动的液体,37℃的平均凝胶时间为1.1±0.3 min,可持续释药24 h,体外释药曲线符合Higuchi方程,R2＝0.9948。与空白对照组相比,实验组和阳性对照组各观测指标差异均具有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）,而实验组和阳性对照组之间对比差异无统计学意义。结论：DXY微球温敏性凝胶对牙周炎的局部治疗效果显著。     

Effect of photoperiod and temperature on gonadal activity and plasma steroid levels in a reared strain of the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) during different phases of its annual reproductive cycle

Mummichog, a spring and summer spawning teleost, were exposed to various photoperiod and temperature conditions to investigate the environmental regulation of the annual reproductive cycle. In early spring, latter phases of gonadal development (vitellogenesis in females and active spermatogenesis in males) were effectively accelerated by warm temperature (16 degrees C) regardless of the photoperiod (11L or 16L), although internal factor(s) may be concerned with triggering the initiation of the development. In late summer, intense gonadal regression which leads to the termination of the spawning period was accelerated by a short day length (相似文献   

The Relationship between Brain Temperature during Intoxication and Ethanol Sensitivity in LS and SS Mice

The present study characterized the relationship between brain temperature, rectal temperature, and ethanol sensitivity in the selectivity bred long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice. Radiotelemetric brain probe implanted and nonimplanted LS/lbg and SS/lbg male mice were injected with 2.5 and 4.9 g/kg ethanol, respectively, before exposure to ambient temperatures of 15 degrees C, 22 degrees C, or 34 degrees C. Ambient temperature significantly affected rectal temperature, brain temperature, and ethanol sensitivity, measured by impairment of righting reflex. Brain and rectal temperatures at return of righting reflex (RORR) were highly correlated. In SS mice brain and rectal temperatures at RORR were significantly positively correlated with loss of righting reflex (LORR) duration and significantly negatively correlated with blood ethanol concentration (BEC) at RORR. In LS mice rectal temperature at RORR was significantly negatively correlated with LORR duration, while both brain and rectal temperature at RORR were significantly positively correlated with BEC at RORR. The strength of the correlations and r2 values generated from linear regression analysis indicates that body temperature during intoxication can explain up to 52% of the variability in ethanol sensitivity in SS mice, but only 19% of the variability in ethanol sensitivity in LS mice. The correlational analyses are consistent with previous results based on comparisons between rectal temperature and ethanol sensitivity and extend to direct brain temperature measurement the evidence that decreasing temperature during intoxication decreases ethanol sensitivity in SS mice and increases ethanol sensitivity in LS mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Analysis of thermal distributions in veneered zirconia and metal restorations during firing

Objective

The present work evaluated the thermal behavior of porcelain–metal and porcelain–zirconia restorations during fast and slow firing and cooling.

Methods

All-ceramic (porcelain on zirconia) and porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) molar crowns were fabricated with 1 or 2 mm porcelain thickness. Thermocouples were attached to the cementation (T1) and occlusal (T4) surfaces of the restoration and embedded at the framework–porcelain interface (T2) and inside the porcelain (T3) to acquire temperature readings by time. Slow heating was set as 45 °C/min and fast heating as 140 °C/min. For fast cooling, the furnace was opened immediately after the holding time. Slow cooling was effected by opening the furnace when it reached 50 °C below the T_g. Porcelains T_g were calculated for each cooling rate.

Results

Slow heating rate was measured at T4 as being 30 °C/min while fast heating at T4 was 100 °C/min. The measured cooling rates within the porcelain (T2) around the T_g range were 20 °C/min and 900 °C/min for slow and fast cooling, respectively. During slow cooling, similar temperatures were found for both zirconia and metal crowns. Remarkable temperature gradients were observed for the fast cooled all-ceramic crown (T1–T4 = 100 °C) and, of lower magnitude for PFM (T1–T4 = 30 °C). T_g of porcelains increase with faster cooling rates.

Significance

Slow cooling appears to be especially important for all-ceramic crowns to prevent high magnitude thermal gradients, which could influence cracking and fracture of the porcelain.     

LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF Aedes aegypti IN TWO SEASONS: INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT PLACES AND DIFFERENT DENSITIES

Aedes aegypti is an important vector in Brazil being the main vector of the dengue-fever. This paper employs survival curves to describe the time in days from larvae to adult forms of Aedes aegypti raised, individually and collectively, and compares it during winter and spring when positioned inside and outside a laboratory. The study was conducted in São Vicente, a coastal city in Southeastern Brazil. The lowest water temperature in winter and in spring was 20 °C and the highest was 26 °C in spring. Higher and more stable temperatures were measured in the intra compared to the peri in both seasons. Consequently, larvae positioned in the intra resulted in the lowest median time to develop in the individual and collective experiment (nine and ten days, respectively). At least 25% of the larvae positioned in the intra in the individual experiment in the spring took only seven days to reach adulthood. Sex ratios and the median time development by sex did not show significant differences. These results indicate that efforts to control Aedes aegypti must be continuous and directed mainly to prevent the intra-domiciliary sites that can be infested in a week in order to reduce the human-vector contact.     

脑出血患者体温变化与预后的临床研究

目的探讨脑出血患者入院体温和入院后体温变化对机体神经系统预后的影响。方法 96例脑出血患者分别于入院第1、3、7、14天、1个月和3个月进行体温测量,并按入院时体温分为低体温组(T<36℃)、体温正常组(36～37℃)和体温升高组(T>37℃),以美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分为标准判断机体神经系统的预后情况,观察脑出血患者体温的整体变化趋势以及NIHSS评分的变化趋势,分析低体温组、正常体温组与高体温组与NIHSS评分间的相关性。结果发现患者入院体温与入院后不同时间点的NIHSS评分密切相关(P<0.01),且呈正相关(P<0.01),体温越高患者神经功能缺损程度越严重。结论脑出血患者的体温变化与机体神经系统的预后密切相关,高体温患者常常指示预后不良,因而体温值有助于成为判定脑出血预后的有效指标而具有重要的临床意义。