Perceived Stress and Eating Behaviors by Sex,Obesity Status,and Stress Vulnerability: Findings from the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study

Stress has been associated with eating patterns in human studies with differences due to the type and duration of stressor, type of food, and individual susceptibility factors. Laboratory and smaller epidemiological studies have reported stress-associated preferences for foods high in sugar and fat; associations have been found more consistently among women and people who are obese. Larger studies are needed to sufficiently test these relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between self-reported amount of stress and dietary nutrient intakes (percentage energy from fat, carbohydrates, added sugar) and dietary behaviors (number of eating occasions and servings of fruits and vegetables, high-fat snacks, fast-food items, and sweetened drinks) by sex, obesity status, and stress vulnerability. Linear regression was used to estimate associations of perceived stress with eating patterns among 65,235 older adults while adjusting for demographic factors, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, number of comorbidities, and other relevant covariates. Higher perceived stress was associated with greater intake of energy from fat, high-fat snacks, and fast-food items as well as lower intake of energy from carbohydrates (all P for trend ≤0.002). Among those with high perceived stress vulnerability, perceived stress was associated with fewer eating occasions (P for interaction <0.0001). Although associations were small, significant relationships were found for perceived stress arising from everyday experiences among an older, mostly white population. These findings have public health implications and suggest that stress may be important to consider in programs promoting healthy eating.     

Influence of commercial cut on proximate composition and fatty acid profile of Rasa Aragonesa light lamb

The aim of this work was to assess the proximate and fatty acid (FA) composition of the edible portion, including fat and muscle, of different commercial cuts in lamb. Ten entire males belonging to the Protected Geographical Indication ‘Ternasco de Aragón’, weaned at about 50 days old and intensively fed with concentrate and cereal straw ad libitum until reaching 80 days old, were used. Seven commercial cuts were assessed: leg, shoulder, neck, shoulder-ribs, loin + rack, breast and flank. The leanest cut, considering the edible composition, was the leg, with a fat content of 11.5%, although not statistically different from the neck, shoulder and shoulder-ribs. The fattest cut was the breast (42%), although it contributed little to the total fat content of the animal representing only 4.5% of the whole carcass weight. Few differences were found in the percentages of FA and were mainly associated with the minor FA, although shoulder-ribs and loin + rack had the highest percentage of stearic acid. However large differences were found in the amount of FA among commercial cuts.     

Role of chemical shift and Dixon based techniques in musculoskeletal MR imaging

Fat suppression technique is a valuable resource in musculoskeletal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging that is helpful in the diagnosis and differentiation of various pathologies. Multiple different techniques are available for fat suppression, including frequency selective pulse sequence, inversion recovery, hybrid technique, chemical shift imaging (CSI) and the related Dixon based approach. The utility of CSI and Dixon approach is not well recognized in the domain of musculoskeletal MR imaging. The aim of this article is to review the various options for fat suppression and present focused discussion of the role of CSI and Dixon techniques for musculoskeletal MR imaging.     

Continuous renal replacement therapy circuit failure after antidote administration

A 73-year-old man was transferred to the emergency department (ED). He was found unconscious in his house along with an empty 200-mL bottle of Basta^?, a herbicide containing 18% glufosinate. He was comatose with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3. As his blood pressure dropped to 60/30 mmHg despite fluids and norepinephrine, 20% intravenous fat emulsion product was injected. He experienced repeated cardiopulmonary arrests during his first 4 h in the ED. When the arrests occurred, standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed, and boluses of fat emulsion were given. He was given a total of 1500 mL of 20% fat emulsion. In an attempt to correct the acidosis, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was started. Within 5 min of starting CRRT, the transmembrane pressure increased sharply and the machine stopped.     

Superovulation with urinary human follicle-stimulating hormone: correlations with body mass index and body fat distribution

Our objective was to i nvestigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dose, length of stimulation and clinical outcome in infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing controlled ovarian hyper stimulation.

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was induced in 60 women for a total of 111 cycles (48% in PCOS patients) with urinary human FSH (u-hFSH).

A significant correlation between BMI, u-hFSH dose and duration of stimulation was found in PCOS and non-PCOS patients with WHR < 0.8. These correlations were not present in PCOS patients with WHR > 0.8. Pregnant patients received significantly less ampules ofu-hFSH.

From our data we suggest a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocol, for obese non-PCOS patients and obese PCOS patients with WHR < 0.8, starting with a double dose of u-FSH.