Body composition of women and men with complete motor paraplegia

Abstract

Objectives

To examine body composition, including the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and total body fat, in women and men with complete motor paraplegia and to make comparisons with able-bodied controls.

Methods

In 13 subjects with traumatic, complete motor paraplegia (six women, seven men) and 39 sex-, age-, and BMI-matched controls from the community (18 women, 21 men), we measured total and regional (upper extremities, trunk, and lower extremities) lean and fat mass using total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Results

Both women and men with paraplegia had significantly lower lean mass in their lower extremities, as would be expected, and in their total body when compared with controls. However, they had significantly greater lean mass in their upper extremities than controls (4.4 kg vs. 3.6 kg, P = 0.004 and 8.6 kg vs. 6.7 kg, P < 0.001 in women and men, respectively); all subjects with paraplegia studied used manual wheelchairs. Although total body fat mass was significantly greater in women (P = 0.010) and men (P = <0.001) with paraplegia compared with controls, for the equivalent total body fat mass, BMI was actually lower in women and men with paraplegia than controls (e.g. 20.2 kg/m² vs. 25.0 kg/m², respectively).

Conclusion

We report on body composition in persons with complete motor paraplegia, including women on whom limited information is currently available. Our results support the need to define better assessments of obesity in both women and men following spinal cord injury, particularly of central body fat distribution, as BMI underestimates adiposity in this population.     

自体富血小板血浆一脂肪颗粒填充面部凹陷的临床应用及Fuzzy评价

目的评价f]体富血小板血浆一脂肪颗粒填充面部凹陷的临床疗效。方法采用自体寓血小板血浆加自体脂肪颗粒,对35例面部凹陷患者进行填充修复。3～6个月后,用Fuzzy评判法（模糊评判法）对面部凹陷部丰满度、注射次数、手术满意度进行评价。结果术后患者面部获得了一个相对对称且自然的外观,填充修复效果稳定,未见明显脂肪吸收。医患双方均对手术效果满意。综合评判结果表明有效这一隶属度最高。结论自体富血小板血浆应用于面部脂肪移植,有助于脂肪仃活和减少脂肪吸收,填充矫治面部软组织缺损畸形效果确切可靠。     

川续断皂苷Ⅶ对油酸诱导HepG2细胞脂肪堆积的干预作用

目的：评价川续断皂苷Ⅶ对肝细胞脂肪堆积的干预效果。方法：采用1 mmol·L-1油酸作用HepG2细胞24 h建立脂肪堆积模型,以甘油三酯（TG）的含量变化为指标,评价川续断皂苷Ⅶ对油酸诱导HepG2细胞脂肪堆积的干预作用。结果与结论：川续断皂苷Ⅶ具有一定的体外降脂活性,其中100μmol·L-1川续断皂苷Ⅶ对TG的清除率达22.6%。     

Relationship between uric acid and lipid accumulation product index by gender in Korean adults: The 2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

AimsThe present study assesses the relationship between uric acid (UA) and lipid accumulation product index (LAP) by gender among Korean adults.MethodsData from 5670 subjects (2463 men and 3207 women) in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-1) 2016 were analyzed. LAP was divided into four quartiles (Q1–Q4).ResultsThere were several key findings. Compared with Q1, in the overall population, the odds ratios (ORs) of hyperuricemia (UA ≥ 7.0 mg/dL in men or UA ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in women) were significantly higher in Q2 [1.847 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.325–2.575)], Q3 [3.050 (95% CI, 2.216–4.198)], and Q4 of LAP [6.367 (95% CI, 4.658–8.704)]. In men, the ORs of hyperuricemia were significantly higher in Q2 [1.658 (95% CI, 1.162–2.367)], Q3 [2.341 (95% CI, 1.656–3.308)], and Q4 [4.633 (95% CI, 3.290–6.525)] than Q1. In women, the ORs of hyperuricemia were significantly higher in Q2 [2.254 (95% CI, 1.085–4.680)], Q3 [5.402 (95% CI, 2.735–10.668)], and Q4 [11.025 (95% CI, 5.620–21.628)] than Q1. In addition, UA levels were positively associated with LAP level in men (r = 0.218; p < 0.001), women (r = 0.261; p < 0.001), and the overall population (r = 0.260; p < 0.001).ConclusionsHyperuricemia was positively associated with LAP in Korean men and women.     

Tom-1基因在糖尿病胰岛素抵抗患者网膜脂肪组织表达定量研究

目的探讨Tom-1基因在2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗(T2DM-IR)患者网膜脂肪组织表达水平。方法取T2DM-IR患者与非糖尿病无IR者(对照组)网膜脂肪组织,用荧光定量RT-PCR技术测定Tom-1 mRNA的表达量。结果Tom-1 mRNA的表达量在T2DM-IR组为4440±617拷贝/百万看家基因,对照组为1360±82拷贝/百万看家基因,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在人腹腔网膜脂肪组织中Tom-1 mRNA有表达,在T2DM-IR组呈上调表达。因此,这条基因可能与T2DM的IR有关。     

原发性高血压患者脂餐后甘油三酯代谢异常与颈动脉内中膜复合体厚度的关系

为探讨原发性高血压患者是否存在脂肪负荷后血清富含甘油三酯脂蛋白代谢异常及其与颈动脉内中膜复合体厚度之间的关系 ,选择 38例原发性高血压患者和 30例健康人 (对照组 ) ,禁食 10～ 12h后 ,采用二维血管超声测定双侧颈动脉内中膜复合体厚度。随后进行标准脂肪负荷试验 ,分别以甘油三酯 8h曲线下面积和甘油三酯峰反应作为脂肪负荷后甘油三酯反应水平的指标。发现 :①原发性高血压组甘油三酯峰反应 (4.6 8± 1.74mmol L比 1.76± 0 .6 4mmol L)及甘油三酯曲线下面积 (2 3.5 9± 6 .4 8mmol L比 9.5 6± 3.38mmol L ,8h)显著大于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;②原发性高血压组颈动脉内中膜复合体厚度显著大于对照组 (0 .76 7± 0 .15mm比 0 .6 0 3± 0 .0 5mm ,P <0 .0 1) ;③原发性高血压患者的颈动脉内中膜复合体厚度与甘油三酯曲线下面积、年龄、甘油三酯峰反应、肥胖指数呈正相关 (r=0 .4 97、0 .4 4 8、0 .382、0 .35 2 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,同空腹高密度脂蛋白水平呈负相关 (r =- 0 .2 87,P =0 .0 0 2 )。提示原发性高血压患者存在脂餐后甘油三酯代谢异常 ,高血压和餐后甘油三酯代谢异常均与颈动脉内中膜复合体厚度的增加有关。     

维拉帕米对大鼠肝脏贮脂细胞增殖的影响

目的：探讨维拉帕米抗肝纤维化作用的机制。方法：采用链霉蛋白酶、胶原酶及密度梯度离心的方法，分离大鼠肝脏贮脂细胞，用ＭＴＴ方法，观察了维拉帕米对贮脂细胞增殖的影响。结果：低浓度维拉帕米的抑制作用不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５），当药物浓度上升为１０～２０μｍｏｌ．Ｌ时，抑制作用增强，呈明显药物浓度依赖关系。结论：维拉帕米抗肝纤维化的作用是抑制了贮脂细胞的增殖     

Family history of diabetes is associated with enhanced adipose lipolysis: Evidence for the implication of epigenetic factors

Aims

Type 2 diabetes is associated with insulin resistance, adipose hypertrophy and increased lipolysis. The heritability of these traits has been determined by associating them with a family history of diabetes.

1341例孕妇孕中期膳食营养状况调查

目的 了解武汉市武昌区孕妇孕中期营养摄入状况,为制定孕妇合理膳食干预措施保障胎儿生长发育提供依据.方法 采用回顾性调查方法,记录孕妇在被调查前24 h内所摄入的各种食物种类和数量,录入营养分析软件.结果 能量及蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的摄入能基本满足机体需要,实际摄入量分别占推荐摄入量（RNI）的88.00％、107.04％、96.66％、83.44％;铁、锌摄入量分别占RNI的96.32％、86.91％;钙,镁,维生素A、C、B1、B2摄入不足的人数比例超过50％;胆固醇摄入超过可耐受最高摄入量（UL）的人数比例为82.18％;饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量分别占脂肪酸摄入总量的29.67％和70.33％;早中晚三餐的能量摄入配比为22.08∶38.28∶39.64.结论 孕妇对孕期营养方面的认知存在不足.矿物质铁、锌摄入充足,钙和镁摄入不足;维生素摄入不足,胆固醇摄入过量;脂肪酸配比不合理,早中晚三餐配比不合理.必须从扩大社会宣传力度、壮大营养保健专业队伍入手,提高孕妇对合理的膳食营养摄入认识.