经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用

目的 探究经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面(TAP)神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用效果.方法 选择2019年1月至2021年2月深圳市宝安区福永人民医院收治的90例拟行经脐单孔腹腔镜妇科手术的患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为TAP神经阻滞组(A组)、罗哌卡因切口局部浸润组(B组)和对照组各30例.A组患者在麻醉诱导后予TAP神经阻滞处理,B组患者在术后给予罗哌卡因切口局部浸润处理,对照组无镇痛处理.比较三组患者术后12 h、24 h、48 h、96 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、术后恢复指标(下床时间、排气时间、住院时间)及术后不良反应发生情况(恶心呕吐、头痛头晕、创口瘙痒、嗜睡).结果 A组患者术后12 h、24 h的VAS评分分别为(1.91±0.89)分、(1.43±0.77)分,与B组术后12 h、24 h的(1.88±1.03)分、(1.51±0.81)分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组和B组均明显低于对照组的(3.12±1.23)分、(2.55±1.41)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组患者术后48 h的VAS评分为(0.72±0.48)分,明显低于B组和对照组的(1.19±0.65)分、(1.91±1.03)分,且B组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后96 h,三组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组患者术后下床时间、住院时间分别为(55.89±5.98)min、(3.78±0.56)d,明显短于B组的(68.13±6.12)min、(5.21±0.64)d和对照组的(103.42±7.21)min、(7.92±0.58)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组患者术后排气时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组和B组患者术后不良反应总发生率分别为6.67％,13.33％,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组与B组患者的不良反应总发生率明显低于对照组的36.67％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 经脐单孔腹腔镜联合腹横肌平面神经阻滞在妇科手术中的应用能够有效缓解患者的术后疼痛感,有利于术后康复,值得临床推广.     

白光胃镜下内镜征象诊断幽门螺杆菌感染的临床研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of endoscopic signs for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection by white light endoscopy.     

腺样体切除对儿童慢性鼻窦炎治疗效果的影响

目的研究并分析腺样体切除对儿童慢性鼻窦炎的治疗效果,以及产生的影响。方法选取2018年5月至2019年9月于本院接受治疗的慢性鼻窦炎患儿102例作为研究对象,将102例患者按随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,两组各51例。对照组患儿实施常规药物进行治疗,试验组患儿实施腺样体切除术进行治疗,对比两组患儿治疗前后的Lund-Mackay(鼻内镜)评分、并发症的发生情况,以及临床效果。结果治疗前,试验组与对照组患儿的Lund-Mackay评分分别是(5.97±1.49)分、(5.98±1.50)分,组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);治疗后,试验组患儿的Lund-Mackay评分是(3.04±1.43)分,显著低于对照组的(4.73±1.52)分,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。对照组患儿的并发症总发生率是17.65%(9/51);试验组患儿的并发症总发生率是3.92%(2/51),试验组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。对照组患儿的治疗有效率是76.47%,试验组患儿是96.08%,对照组低于试验组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论对慢性鼻窦炎患儿实施腺样体切除术治疗的效果相比实施常规药物治疗的效果更为理想,不仅能有效降低患儿的鼻内镜评分,减少并发症的发生概率,还可明显提升治疗效果。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.