Effects of a low calorie,low protein diet on nutritional parameters,and routine laboratory values in nonobese young and elderly subjects.

The effect of a low calorie (1100 kcal), low protein (35 g) intake for 9 days on nutritional and laboratory parameters was studied in six young and six elderly healthy subjects. All subjects lost weight on the test diet (an average of 2.0 kg in the young and 2.1 kg in the elderly). Basal serum albumin, serum transferrin, creatinine height index, and creatinine clearance in the elderly subjects were lower than in the young (p less than 0.05). Serum albumin remained unchanged at the end of diet in both groups. There was, however, a significant decrease in the transferrin level in the younger subjects (p less than 0.01). The decrease in creatinine height index was not significant in either group. Baseline nitrogen balance of the elderly was -1.1 g/day compared to +0.5 g/day (p less than 0.01) in the young subjects. The test diet caused a negative nitrogen balance of about -5 g/day in both groups (p less than 0.005). Blood urea nitrogen was significantly lower at the end of the test diet and was related to the intake of protein in both groups. At the end of the diet the serum potassium and GGT were significantly lower in the young (p less than 0.01); serum creatinine was unchanged but creatinine clearance was significantly lower in both groups. From this study it appears that significant changes occur in nutritional and laboratory parameters within 9 days on a diet deficient in calories and protein in normal healthy subjects. These changes need to be recognized as having nutritional basis and should not be attributed to illness or drug therapy.     

Alterations in copper homeostasis and oxidative stress biomarkers in women using the intrauterine device TCu380A

Copper ions participate in the Häber–Weiss reaction to produce ROS, which can be toxic when in excess. The purpose of this study was to measure the copper concentration (Cu) in the plasma of women using Cu-IUDs and determine (i) the effect of Cu on oxidative stress biomarkers, (ii) the levels of copper transport proteins in the plasma and (iii) the status of some liver damage markers in relation to the length of the intrauterine device use. Thirty-nine controls and 35 T380-IUD users were recruited. Various oxidative stress biomarkers, ceruloplasmin (CRP), metallothioneins (MTs), Cu and enzyme activities involved in liver function were measured in the plasma. The Cu concentration was higher in women with IUDs, concomitantly with time-dependent increases in the main oxidative stress biomarkers (TBARS, protein carbonyls, glutathione and nitrates + nitrites), hepatic enzymes (LDH and transaminases), MTs and CRP. We concluded that the use of Cu-IUDs for more than 2 consecutive years should be avoided in order to prevent oxidative damage.     

The health effects of vitamin C supplementation: a review.

A comprehensive review of the literature indicates that populations with long-term consumption of higher than RDA levels of vitamin C (> or = 60 mg/day) from foods and/or supplements have reduced risks of cancer at several sites, cardiovascular disease, and cataracts. The safety of higher than RDA intakes of vitamin C is confirmed in eight placebo-controlled, double-blind studies and six non-placebo clinical trials in which up to 10,000 mg of vitamin C was consumed daily for up to 3 years. There are no clinical data which suggest that vitamin C's enhancement of non-heme iron absorption in individuals with low iron status could be a critical factor in the possible increased risk of heterozygous hemochromatosis-related cardiovascular disease. In fact, the cumulative data do not confirm that iron status is related to risk of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, higher than RDA intakes of vitamin C have been associated with several indices of lowered cardiovascular disease risk including increases in HDL, and decreases in LDL oxidation, blood pressure and cardiovascular mortality.     

Lipid-Protein Complexes in Erythrocyte Membrane in Late Gestosis

Gestosis is characterized by increased rigidity of the surface and deep layers of erythrocyte membranes, impaired protein-lipid relationships, and imbalance between LPO and the antioxidant defense system. These changes determine the prognosis and complications of this condition.     

胃肠肿瘤标记物图像定量形态学研究进展

胃肠肿瘤标记物图像定量形态学研究进展徐少勇（郧阳医学院附属医院内科十堰４４２０００）胃肠肿瘤标记物检测是当前肿瘤研究的热点，通过对标记物形态变化的研究可使肿瘤诊断更为特异，目前国内外对胃肠肿瘤标记物的研究趋于进行定量和数值化分析，早期的研究主要是采用...     

手术前后甲状腺癌患者血清CP含量的变化

本文用放射免疫分折（ＲＩＡ）测定１２６例甲状腺癌患者和３８例甲状腺良性肿癌患者血清ＣＰ含量，结果甲状腺癌患者和甲状腺良性肿瘤患者血清ＣＰ水平均高于对照组（ＰＭ０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）以甲状腺未分化癌和甲状腺乳头状腺癌患者血清ＣＰ含量增高显著，其阳性率分别为７５．０％和６９．１４％，并发现手术后甲状腺瘤患者血清ＣＰ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), copper and ceruloplasmin plasma concentrations in spontaneous abortion.

Ceruloplasmin, the blue copper-protein of the blood plasma, is believed by some workers to be involved in the metabolic management of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) during pregnancy. 5-Hydroxytryptamine is abortifacient in experimental animals. By some authors, a role has been suggested for it in human abortion. The plasma concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine, copper and ceruloplasmin were measured in non-pregnant women, in normal early pregnancy and in cases of spontaneous abortion. Compared with normal early pregnancy, cases of inevitable abortion show lower values for both plasma copper and ceruloplasmin and higher values for plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine. The possible implications of these findings are discussed in view of the alterations in ceruloplasmin values in pregnancy and in the light of what is known of the pharmacology and metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine. It it believed that these alterations in plasma copper, ceruloplasmin and 5-hydroxytryptamine in cases of inevitable abortion are the effect, rather than the cause, of abortion.     

苯那普利对2型糖尿病患者尿铜蓝蛋白及白蛋白的影响

目的　评价苯那普利对 2型糖尿病患者尿铜蓝蛋白 (Cp)及尿白蛋白 (Alb)的影响。 方法　 84例 2型糖尿病患者均分为对照组、控制血压组和苯那普利组。记录及测定受试者的年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、血压、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、身高、体重、体重指数、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素、尿素氮、肌酐、尿酸、血脂、血白蛋白 ,并留取晨尿测定铜蓝蛋白、白蛋白及肌酐 (Cr) ,随访 6个月后复查上述指标 ,比较尿Alb/Cr及尿Cp/Cr的变化。 结果　对照组无明显变化 ;控制血压组及苯那普利组尿Alb/Cr和尿Cp/Cr水平均下降 ,苯那普利组尿Cp/Cr下降较控制血压组更明显 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　苯那普利可降低尿Cp/Cr及尿Alb/Cr。