导管引导下硬化疗法治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿:短期疗效

正摘要目的评估用95%乙醇行导管引导下硬化疗法(CDS)治疗原发或复发卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿病人的有效性。材料与方法前瞻性纳入2015年3月—2017年12月期     

CT影像上肺结节周围和肺结节内的影像组学特征可鉴别腺癌和肉芽肿

正摘要目的评估CT平扫检查中肺结节影像组学特征区分非小细胞肺腺癌和肉芽肿的能力。材料与方法本研究从2个医疗单位回顾性收集2007—2013年期间的290例病人     

基于预后的ST段抬高性心肌梗死后左心室重塑标准的界定

正摘要目的心脏MR (CMR)是ST段抬高性心肌梗死(STEMI)病人左心室(LV)重塑评估的金标准。但是常用的重塑标准几乎从未被严重的临床事件证实。本研究旨在为     

在钆塞酸增强MRI中通过肝细胞摄取率来定量评价肝功能

正目的探讨源于钆塞酸增强MRI的肝细胞摄取率是否与肝功能的定量测量有关,并帮助识别大范围肝切除术的禁忌证。材料与方法在2016年8月—2016年10月期     

《朱子语类》德育思想及其对医学生道德教育的启示

结合朱熹《朱子语类》中的德育思想，了解其德育思想的内涵，着重阐释朱熹德育思想体系内容。归纳总结了朱熹道德教育思想“明人伦”“做圣贤”的德育目标；“循序渐进”“知行并重”“正面引导与禁于未发”的德育原则和“立志”“居敬”“省察”“穷理”“力行”的德育教育方法。通过对其道德教育思想精粹的把握，并结合当前时代背景下我国高等医学院校道德教育的实际，从转变教育观念、健全课程体系、发挥教师作用、注重环境构建四个方面阐述了朱熹德育思想对医学生道德教育的现实启示。     

Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase enhances antitumor response of radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer through CD8+ T cells

Objective:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a deadly malignancy,due in large part to its resistance to conventional therapies,including radiotherapy(RT).Despite RT exerting a modest antitumor response,it has also been shown to promote an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Previous studies demonstrated that focal adhesion kinase inhibitors(FAKi)in clinical development inhibit the infiltration of suppressive myeloid cells and T regulatory(T regs)cells,and subsequently enhance effector T cell infiltration.FAK inhibitors in clinical development have not been investigated in combination with RT in preclinical murine models or clinical studies.Thus,we investigated the impact of FAK inhibition on RT,its potential as an RT sensitizer and immunomodulator in a murine model of PDAC.Methods:We used a syngeneic orthotopic murine model to study the effect of FAKi on hypofractionated RT.Results:In this study we showed that IN10018,a small molecular FAKi,enhanced antitumor response to RT.Antitumor activity of the combination of FAKi and RT is T cell dependent.FAKi in combination with RT enhanced CD8+T cell infiltration significantly in comparison to the radiation or FAKi treatment alone(P<0.05).FAKi in combination with radiation inhibited the infiltration of granulocytes but enhanced the infiltration of macrophages and T regs in comparison with the radiation or FAKi treatment alone(P<0.01).Conclusions:These results support the clinical development of FAKi as a radiosensitizer for PDAC and combining FAKi with RT to prime the tumor microenvironment of PDAC for immunotherapy.     

Reduced anoctamin 7(ANO7) expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in prostate cancer

Objective:Anoctamin 7(ANO7)is a calcium2+-dependent chloride ion channel protein.Its expression is restricted to prostate epithelial cells.The exact function is unknown.This study aimed to analyze ANO7 expression and its clinical significance in prostate cancer(PCa).Methods:ANO7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 17,747 clinical PCa specimens.Results:ANO7 was strongly expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often less abundant in cancer cells.ANO7 staining was interpretable in 13,594 cancer tissues and considered strong in 34.4%,moderate in 48.7%,weak in 9.3%,and negative in 7.6%.Reduced staining was tightly linked to adverse tumor features[high classical and quantitative Gleason grade,lymph node metastasis,advanced tumor stage,high Ki67 labeling index,positive surgical margin,and early biochemical recurrence(P<0.0001 each)].The univariate Cox hazard ratio for prostate-specific antigen(PSA)recurrence after prostatectomy in patients with negative vs.strong ANO7 expression was 2.98(95%confidence interval 2.61–3.38).The prognostic impact was independent of established pre-or postoperatively available parameters(P<0.0001).Analysis of annotated molecular data showed that low ANO7 expression was linked to TMPRSS2:ERG fusions(P<0.0001),elevated androgen receptor expression(P<0.0001),as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions(P<0.05 each).A particularly strong association of low ANO7 expression with phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)deletion may indicate a functional relationship with the PTEN/AKT pathway.Conclusions:These data identify reduced ANO7 protein expression as a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in PCa.ANO7 measurement,either alone or in combination,might provide clinically useful prognostic information in PCa.     

晚期肿瘤患者营养状况与焦虑、抑郁的相关性分析

目的 研究晚期肿瘤患者营养状况与焦虑、抑郁不良情绪的相关性。方法 筛选2019年1月至2020年1月在重庆市 巴南区人民医院肿瘤科住院的晚期肿瘤患者，调查营养风险筛查2002（NRS 2002）评分、体质指数（BMI）、血液学指标（总蛋白、 白蛋白、血红蛋白）；用住院患者焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）对患者的焦虑、抑郁情况进行评估；分析晚期肿瘤患者营养状况与焦 虑、抑郁之间的关系。结果 1501例晚期肿瘤患者中 22.39%（336/1501）的患者 BMI<18.5 kg/m2，NRS 2002≥3 分发生率为 56.70%（851/1501）。存在营养风险患者总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白以及BMI更低；比较不同癌种，晚期消化道肿瘤患者营养不 足及存在营养风险比例最高。焦虑症状阳性率为78.61%（1180/1501），抑郁症状阳性率为69.62%（1045/1501），NRS 2002评分 与焦虑、抑郁呈正相关；BMI与焦虑、抑郁呈负相关。结论 晚期肿瘤患者营养不足、营养风险发生率高，焦虑、抑郁不良情绪普 遍，NRS 2002评分越高，BMI越低，焦虑抑郁程度越重。针对营养风险高、营养不足的晚期肿瘤患者我们应加强营养治疗以及 对焦虑、抑郁不良情绪的干预。     

国际腹膜癌治疗指南:肿瘤细胞减灭术加腹腔化疗临床路径

腹膜癌是一种预后较差的恶性肿瘤，肿瘤来源较广泛，开展规范化治疗对腹膜癌患者至关重要。腹膜表面肿瘤协作组国际联盟（Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International，PSOGI）制订了腹膜癌临床指南，本文为国际腹膜癌治疗指南中文版，该指南共分四部分:术前评估、腹膜癌手术、腹膜癌化疗及临床路径。其中，术前评估主要包括术前CT检查、预后评估模型、诊断性腹腔镜探查、腹膜癌指数及细胞减灭程度评分；腹膜癌治疗原则是以肿瘤细胞减灭术（cytoreductive surgery，CRS）和围手术期化疗为核心的综合治疗，但完全CRS是患者获得长期生存的关键；腹膜癌化疗主要包括围手术期化疗及区域性化疗。最后，本指南概述了腹膜癌的临床路径。经PSOGI执行委员会秘书长许可，发表该指南中文版。