卵子赠送技术的应用及进展

卵子赠送是一种有效的辅助生殖技术(ART),主要应用于各种原因导致的卵巢功能缺陷.其基本技术过程包括:受者的激素替代治疗(HRT),供者促超排卵、取卵,与受者丈夫的精子进行体外受精,受者胚胎移植.影响其妊娠成功率的因素包括子宫内膜同步化的程度,受者的年龄、既往病史,供者的年龄、妊娠史,移植胚胎质量、数目,移植方式等.卵子来自供卵者、冷冻卵子、未成熟卵体外培养等.     

西安市大型商场、超市现场制做即食食品卫生状况调查

目的 了解西安市大型商场、超市熟食部即食食品的卫生状况。方法 对7家大型商场、超市进行现场检查和抽样化验微生物指标。结果 共采集试样164份,合格94份,合格率仅为57.32％。结论 这种销售方式存在的卫生隐患较大,应加强监督和管理。     

Clinical observation on treatment of 50 patients with candidal vaginitis by Chinese herbal medicine combined with Canesten

From January 2001 to January 2002, 50 patients of candidal vaginitis were treated by Kushen powder (KSP, 苦参散) combined with Canesten as the treatment group, and controlled by a control group including another 50 patients treated with Canesten alone. The therapeutic results were satisfactory and reported as follows.     

国人正常前列腺组织学结构的加龄性变化

目的 寻找正常前列解剖、组织学结构与年龄的变化规律。方法 分别取胎龄6个月～80岁尸体前列腺标本88例，按年龄分组，测其重量、体积、并通过光学显微镜观察组织结构的变化。结果 重量：10岁前4g；10岁为12g；20岁为18g；30岁为20g；40岁为23g；50岁为25g；60岁为26g；70岁为25g。结缔组织占百分比：10岁前29．6％；10岁为30．2％；20岁为32．1％；30岁为36．4％；40岁为39．7％；50为39．6％；60为35．3％；70为38．7％。结论 正常前列腺重量、体积在30岁前增长明显。30岁后增长缓慢。重量与体积呈正相关，前列腺比重接近1,结缔组织随年龄增加而增多。     

Expressions of VEGF and Ki-67 in eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis and effect of Quyu Jiedu Recipe (祛瘀解毒方) on VEGF expression

Objective:To observe the clinical eff icacy of Quyu Jiedu Recipe(祛瘀解毒方,QJR) in treating endometriosis(EM),and to explore the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and cell proliferative nucleoprotein antigen(Ki-67),their changes before and after treatment and the clinica signifi cance in the trial.Methods:Fifty patients of EM were randomly assigned to two groups.The 26 patients in the QJR group were treated with QJR,and the 24 patients in the gestrinone(GT) group with gestrinone.Besides,a normal control group with 20 healthy women was set up.The therapeutic effects in the two treated groups were compared.Expressions of VEGF and Ki-67 in eutopic endometrium of all subjects(with both patients and healthy women at the median secretive phase) were determined with immunohistochemical stain before treatment,and the determination in the two treated groups was repeated after 3-month treatment in the same phase.Results:Before treatment,the VEGF and Ki-67 expression positive rates and their mean optic density(MOD) were higher in patients than in healthy women(P<0.05).After treatment,the positive rate and MOD of VEGF expression lowered signif icantly than before treatment(P<0.05),but those of Ki-67 changed insignifi cantly,and comparison between the two treated groups showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:QJR could markedly improve the symptoms of menorrhagia and menstrual disorder,and its mechanism might be related with the lowering of eutopic endometrial VEGF expression.VEGF and Ki-67 show a high expression in eutopic endometrium of patients with EM.     

二至天癸方对高龄不孕妇女卵巢反应性的影响

目的探讨补肾益天癸之二至天癸方提高高龄不孕妇女卵巢反应性的临床疗效。方法将66例参加体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）周期的高龄不孕妇女随机分为中药组（二至天癸方联合超排卵方案治疗,33例）和对照组（单用超排卵方案治疗,33例）,观察临床症状改善情况,促性腺激素（FSH）的用量,不同时期血清激素水平、HCG注射日子宫内膜厚度、子宫和卵巢动脉搏动测定,卵泡数,取卵数,优质卵率,受精率,优质胚胎率,妊娠率,并对治疗后两组患者阴中干涩症状积分与HCG注射日血清E2进行相关性分析。结果中药组患者临床肾气阴两虚症状得到有效改善,与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;中药组FSH总用量及每天FSH用量明显低于对照组,两组比较,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;在HCG注射日血清E2水平、子宫内膜厚度、取卵数、优质卵率、受精率、优质胚胎率,中药组均明显优于对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;两组患者治疗后阴中干涩症状积分与HCG注射日血清E2水平均存在弱负相关关系（r=-0．369,r=-0．425）,说明HCG注射日血清E2水平是影响阴中干涩症状的因素,但不是唯一因素。中药组治疗后阴中干涩积分低于对照组,差异有显著性（t=2．422,P〈0．05）。结论二至天癸方配合超排卵方案可明显减少FSH用量,提高卵巢反应,改善卵子质量,提高妊娠率,提示其机理与补肾益天癸之二至天癸方改善卵巢反应性,提高雌激素水平,协调下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴有关。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中16种抗真菌类和硝基咪唑类化合物

目的建立化妆品中16种抗真菌类化合物(克霉唑、联苯苄唑、特比萘酚、酮康唑、伊曲康唑)和硝基咪唑类化合物(甲硝唑、异丙硝唑、苯酰甲硝唑、二甲硝咪唑、替硝唑、奥硝唑、特尼哒唑、洛硝哒唑、氯甲硝咪唑、4-硝基咪唑和塞克硝唑)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测的方法。方法将样品加入1 ml饱和氯化钠溶液并用乙腈提取后,加入正己烷除酯,离心后溶液进入高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪进行测定。结果 16种抗生素的浓度为50 ng/ml~500 ng/ml时,线性关系良好,相关系数(r)0.99;16种成分的平均回收率均在71.4%~117.0%,在不同基质中的检出限为0.02 mg/kg~1.00 mg/kg。结论该方法快速简便,适用于化妆品中抗真菌类和硝基咪唑类等16种抗生素含量的测定。     

356例产前诊断结果评价、安全性分析

[目的]评价产前诊断指证在胎儿染色体病诊断中的意义,探讨产前诊断技术成功率和安全性。[方法]对356例有产前诊断指征的孕妇,进行羊膜腔穿刺术或脐血穿刺术,取羊水细胞或脐血细胞培养,做胎儿染色体核型分析。[结果]349例孕妇共检出胎儿染色体异常7例,染色体异常率为2.01%,产前胎儿异常标记组、孕母血清唐氏筛查阳性组和高龄孕妇组的异常率分别为27.27%、1.14%和2.08%,显著高于一般人群的异常率。脐血穿刺流产率为1%,羊水穿刺为0。[结论合理应用产前诊断指证可以明显提高染色体病的产前诊断效力,选择适宜的产前诊断技术降低并发症的产生。     

心理行为干预对IVF-ET早孕保胎孕妇焦虑改善及妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨心理行为干预对受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)早孕保胎孕妇焦虑改善及妊娠结局的影响。方法:将50例接受体外IVF-ET早孕保胎孕妇随机分为观察组和对照组各25例,观察组在住院全程进行心理行为干预,对照组采用传统健康教育模式护理,观察干预前后两组孕妇焦虑、抑郁心理变化。结果:观察组干预后焦虑、抑郁状态评分分别为28.93±3.51和22.42±9.54,而对照组分别为41.08±4.25和42.26±9.67,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);观察组足月出生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),早产率、流产率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:积极进行心理行为干预能有效改善IVF-ET早孕保胎孕妇焦虑和抑郁,使孕妇顺利度过妊娠期。