马齿苋“成分-活性-中药功效-疾病”研究进展及关联分析

马齿苋是一种药食同源品,具有清热解毒、凉血止血、止痢的功效,为常见中药,作为药物安全性高。马齿苋具有多种活性成分及药理作用,为了充分开发利用马齿苋,加快马齿苋研究的现代化进程,综述马齿苋的研究进展并在此基础上对于其"成分-活性-中药功效-疾病"进行关联分析,为马齿苋的现代化研究提供思路。     

常见多重耐药菌感染分布及耐药性分析

<正>多重耐药菌(MDRO)主要是指对临床使用的三类或三类以上抗菌药物同时呈现耐药的细菌[1]。为了解我院住院病人多重耐药菌及耐药情况,对2013年10月—2014年9月期间本院住院患者送检的1162株多重耐药菌进行检测,现报道如下。1材料与方法1.1菌株来源2013年10月—2014年9月期间我院住院患者送检的病原学标本,包括痰液、中段尿、创面分泌物、全血、胸腹水、胆汁、穿刺液、脓液等,剔     

Unique sleep‐stage transitions determined by obstructive sleep apnea severity,age and gender

In obstructive sleep apnea, patients’ sleep is fragmented leading to excessive daytime sleepiness and co‐morbidities like arterial hypertension. However, traditional metrics are not always directly correlated with daytime sleepiness, and the association between traditional sleep quality metrics like sleep duration and arterial hypertension is still ambiguous. In a development cohort, we analysed hypnograms from mild (n = 209), moderate (n = 222) and severe (n = 272) obstructive sleep apnea patients as well as healthy controls (n = 105) from the European Sleep Apnea Database. We assessed sleep by the analysis of two‐step transitions depending on obstructive sleep apnea severity and anthropometric factors. Two‐step transition patterns were examined for an association to arterial hypertension or daytime sleepiness. We also tested cumulative distributions of wake as well as sleep‐states for power‐laws (exponent α) and exponential distributions (decay time τ) in dependency on obstructive sleep apnea severity and potential confounders. Independent of obstructive sleep apnea severity and potential confounders, wake‐state durations followed a power‐law distribution, while sleep‐state durations were characterized by an exponential distribution. Sleep‐stage transitions are influenced by obstructive sleep apnea severity, age and gender. N2 → N3 → wake transitions were associated with high diastolic blood pressure. We observed higher frequencies of alternating (symmetric) patterns (e.g. N2 → N1 → N2, N2 → wake → N2) in sleepy patients both in the development cohort and in a validation cohort (n = 425). In conclusion, effects of obstructive sleep apnea severity and potential confounders on sleep architecture are small, but transition patterns still link sleep fragmentation directly to obstructive sleep apnea‐related clinical outcomes like arterial hypertension and daytime sleepiness.     

生存资料回归模型分析——生存资料参数回归模型分析SAS实现

本文目的是介绍生存资料参数回归模型的SAS实现,包括创建SAS数据集、依据图示法选择模型、拟合参数模型和似然比检验。利用SAS中的LIFEREG过程绘制生存函数关于生存时间的关系图,拟合对应的参数分布回归模型,通过拟合优度检验选择最优的参数回归模型,最后对相关结果进行解释。     

如何正确运用t检验——两几何均值比较一般差异性t检验及SAS实现

本文目的是介绍几何均数以及两组近似对数正态分布数据几何均数的一般差异性t检验及SAS实现。首先对几何均数的概念、适用条件和计算公式进行介绍;并且将几何均数与统计学中常用的算术均数的特点进行比较;其次,呈现两组药物浓度数据,该数据近似服从对数正态分布,符合几何均数的适用条件,使用SAS的TTEST过程对两组几何均数的一般差异性进行t检验,并对相关结果进行解释和比较;最后,讨论几何均数使用时的注意事项。     

如何正确运用Z检验——总体方差已知时两算术均值比较一般差异性Z检验及SAS实现

本文的目的是介绍总体方差已知时两算术均值比较一般差异性Z检验及SAS实现。首先，介绍了选用Z检验的前提条件；其次，介绍了单组设计和成组设计条件下进行均值比较的Z检验统计量，并介绍了上单侧检验、下单侧检验和双侧检验时所对应的拒绝域；最后，结合两个实例，基于SAS软件实现3种Z检验，对输出结果做出了解释。并针对如何合理选择单侧检验还是双侧检验给予说明。