Thin-film optical notch filter spectacle coatings for the treatment of migraine and photophobia

Previous evidence suggests optical treatments hold promise for treating migraine and photophobia. We designed an optical notch filter, centered at 480 nm to reduce direct stimulation of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. We used thin-film technology to integrate the filter into spectacle lenses. Our objective was to determine if an optical notch filter, designed to attenuate activity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, could reduce headache impact in chronic migraine subjects. For this randomized, double-masked study, our primary endpoint was the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6; GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, Middlesex, UK). We developed two filters: the therapeutic filter blocked visible light at 480 nm; a 620 nm filter was designed as a sham. Participants were asked to wear lenses with one of the filters for 2 weeks; after 2 weeks when no lenses were worn, they wore lenses with the other filter for 2 weeks. Of 48 subjects, 37 completed the study. Wearing either the 480 or 620 nm lenses resulted in clinically and statistically significant HIT-6 reductions. However, there was no significant difference when comparing overall effect of the 480 and 620 nm lenses. Although the 620 nm filter was designed as a sham intervention, research published following the trial indicated that melanopsin, the photopigment in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, is bi-stable. This molecular property may explain the unexpected efficacy of the 620 nm filter. These preliminary findings indicate that lenses outfitted with a thin-film optical notch filter may be useful in treating chronic migraine.     

中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷信度和效度研究

目的评价中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷的信度和效度。方法选取115例合并药物依赖综合征的偏头痛患者,收集其临床资料并进行中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷的测试。采用重测信度、内部一致性信度评价分析问卷信度,采用内容效度和结构效度评价分析问卷效度。结果量表的重测信度除条目11和条目16为0.558和0.443以外,其余条目的重测信度均大于0.7。总量表的Cronbach’α系数为0.820,各个维度的Cronbach’α系数均0.7。量表的各条目得分和相应维度总分之间的相关系数在0.595~0.962之间。因子分析共提取7个特征根大于1的因子,可解释总变异的76.3%,在相应项目上均有较强的因子载荷。结论中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷具有较好的信度和效度,适合临床推广应用。     

Sleep changes during prophylactic treatment of migraine

Aims:

To assess sleep quality in patients with primary headaches before and after prophylactic treatment using a validated sleep-screening instrument.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 147 patients, including 63 tension type headache (TTH) and 84 migraine patients were included. Patients were examined in terms of frequency and severity of headaches and sleep quality before and 12 weeks after prophylactic treatment with either propranolol or amitriptyline.

Results:

Baseline Visual Analogue Score (VAS) in migraine patients was 7.99 ± 1.39 compared with 6.86 ± 1.50 in TTH group (P < 0.001). VAS score after the first month of treatment was 6.08 ± 1.88 in migraine patients and 5.40 ± 1.61 in TTH (P = 0.023). VAS scores decreased after the third month of treatment to 4.32 ± 2.29 in migraine patients and 4.11 ± 1.66 in TTH patients (P = 0.344). The decrease was significant for patients treated with amitriptyline but not for those with propranolol. Baseline Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) scores were 5.93 ± 2.43 in migraine patients and 6.71 ± 2.39 in TTH patients. Poor quality of sleep (PSQI ≥ 6) prior to prophylactic treatment was observed in 61.4% of migraine patients and in 77.7% of TTH patients. Comparison of PSQI scores before and 3 months following treatment showed significantly improved quality of sleep in all treatment groups; the greatest significance was detected in migraine patients with initial PSQI scores of ≥6 and treated with amitriptyline (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Increased understanding of routine objective sleep measures in migraine patients is needed to clarify the nature of sleep disturbances associated with primary headaches. This may in turn lead to improvements in headache treatments.     

养血清脑颗粒联合盐酸氟桂利嗪治疗偏头痛的疗效探讨

目的：探讨养血清脑颗粒联合盐酸氟桂利嗪治疗偏头痛的临床疗效。方法将82例偏头痛患者随机分为对照组(盐酸氟桂利嗪,n=41)和观察组(盐酸氟桂利嗪+养血清脑颗粒,n=41),连续治疗1个月后,观察并对比两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的临床总有效率为92.7%,对照组的临床有效率为70.7%,对比两组有效率差异有统计学意义(字2=4.546,P<0.05)。结论养血清脑颗粒联合盐酸氟桂利嗪在临床上对偏头痛的治疗效果显著,比单独应用盐酸氟桂利嗪效果要好。     

通心络胶囊与盐酸氟桂嗪治疗偏头痛的临床对比分析

目的：研究通心络胶囊与盐酸氟桂嗪治疗偏头痛的临床治疗效果。方法整群选取2012年9月-2014年5月间在该院接受治疗的偏头痛患者288例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,两组各有患者144例。观察组患者服用通心络胶囊进行治疗;对照组患者服用盐酸氟桂嗪胶囊。治疗结束后对比两组治疗效果。结果观察组偏头痛患者治疗前评分为(17.61±1.32),治疗后评分(6.14±2.11);对照组偏头痛患者治疗前评分为(16.94±1.59),治疗后评分为(10.51±3.12),两组偏头痛患者的数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组144例偏头痛患者经过治疗后,治疗后效果为控制的患者有49例(34.03%),治疗总有效率为91.67%;对照组144例偏头痛患者经过治疗后,治疗后效果为控制的患者有26例(18.06%),治疗总有效率为88.19%。两组偏头痛患者在接受治疗后治疗效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组控制率明显优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通心络胶囊与盐酸氟桂嗪对偏头痛患者均有着较好的治疗效果,但通心络胶囊综合方面优势明显,患者控显率较高,治疗后评分优于盐酸氟桂嗪。     

本经取穴调控无先兆偏头痛患者基因表达谱的研究

【目的】研究针刺少阳经穴与针刺非经非穴治疗无先兆偏头痛患者前后的基因表达谱。【方法】采用基因芯片技术,分析比较采用经穴（经穴组）和非经非穴（非经非穴组）治疗无先兆偏头痛患者（各10例）后基因表达谱的差异;选取部分基因进行Real-time聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）,验证基因芯片结果的准确性。【结果】经穴组治疗前后筛选出72个差异基因;非经非穴组治疗前后筛选出110个差异基因。经穴组差异基因涉及的功能包括脑内啡肽酶、 ATP合酶等,与治疗该病的关联性大。但非经非穴组涉及的基因功能广泛且分散,与治疗该病关联性较小,如细胞凋亡、 DNA修复等。 RT－PCR检测了经穴组的ATPAF2、 PTGS2、 TOR3A基因,非经非穴组的ACP2、 AURKA、 ARHGEF11、 CASP8基因,验证了基因芯片数据的可靠性。【结论】本经取穴治疗无先兆偏头痛的经穴效应在分子水平是多基因作用的综合结果,而非经非穴产生的安慰效应并未找到与之对应的与治疗无先兆偏头痛相关的靶基因,进一步证明了经穴效应的存在。     

氟桂利嗪联合泰必利治疗偏头痛疗效分析

目的：探讨氟桂利嗪联合泰必利治疗偏头痛的临床疗效。方法：将2011年6月-2013年10月本院收诊的60例偏头痛患者随机分成对照组和治疗组各30例,对照组采用氟桂利嗪治疗,治疗组采用氟桂利嗪联合泰必利治疗。治疗前后对两组患者的症状进行量化评分,比较组间疗效差异。结果：治疗2个月后,治疗组痊愈率显著高于对照组,无效率显著低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗组总有效率为90.0%,显著高于对照组的73.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗2个月后治疗组疼痛程度、头痛发作次数、持续时间均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：氟桂利嗪联合泰必利治疗偏头痛能有效改善偏头痛症状,疗效优于单用氟桂利嗪。     

偏头痛患者伴发心脏卵圆孔未闭脑血管反应性研究

目的探讨心脏卵圆孔未闭(patent foramen ovale,PFO)与偏头痛的相关性,以及偏头痛伴发PFO患者的脑血管反应性差异。方法利用经颅多普勒超声声学造影(contrast transcranial Doppler,cTCD)及经颅多普勒超声(transcranial Doppler,TCD)屏气实验检查,对照分析西安交通大学第一附属医院神经内科2013-03-2013-10 62例偏头痛患者与43例正常志愿者,伴发PFO结果和脑血管反应性。结果偏头痛组PFO阳性率明显高于正常对照组(51.61%vs 27.91%,P=0.015),PFO阳性的偏头痛患者头痛侧大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)屏气指数(breath holding index,BHI)值明显低于PFO阴性患者(0.82±0.58vs 1.34±0.72,P=0.013)。结果偏头痛与PFO共患率高,偏头痛伴发PFO患者头痛侧脑血管反应性降低。     

偏头痛与认知功能的研究进展

偏头痛被列为最严重的慢性功能障碍性疾病之一,长期反复发作累积效应可引起进行性脑功能障碍。国内外评估认知功能手段多种多样,常用的是认知功能量表。最近,事件相关电位、静息态功能磁共振成像等新技术分别因其高时间分辨率、高空间分辨率的特点,被广泛的应用于评估偏头痛患者认知功能。现从认知量表、事件相关电位、静息态功能磁共振对偏头痛与认知的关系的研究进展进行概述。