谈谈人文素质教育

21世纪是教育的世纪 ,高等教育在人类社会发展中所起的作用更加重要 ,与社会、经济、政治、科技、文化发展的关系更为密切。高等教育应重视人才综合素质的提高 ,注意个性的发展 ,特别是创新能力的培养 ,引导学生掌握打开未来知识宝库的方法。医学与其它自然科学不同的重要一点在于它研究的对象是人。人在具有生物学特性的同时 ,还具有社会属性 ,将医学看作纯自然科学显然是片面的。1972年美国医生恩格尔提出生物医学模式已不能满足现代医学的发展以及人们对医疗保健的要求 ,因此需要建立一种新的生物———心理———社会医学模式。世界卫生…     

降脂降压治疗对老年高血压病患者大动脉结构的影响

临床研究表明,在心血管病的诸多危险因素中,血脂异常与血压之间存在某种相关性[1],在血脂异常与高血压病的患者中,都可以发现血管功能异常.因此,血管功能异常可能是高血压病与血脂异常间相互影响的一个重要环节[2].控制血脂、血压对改善血管功能具有重要意义.本研究采用随机对照的方法,观察降脂降压治疗对老年高血压病患者大动脉结构和功能的影响.     

PC12细胞化学缺氧复氧损伤与缺氧诱导因子1表达的关系

目的 研究缺氧诱导因子1(HIF1)在PC12细胞化学缺氧复氧损伤中的作用。方法 在培养液中加入和去除氯化钴模拟化学缺氧和复氧，以乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出和细胞超微结构改变作为细胞损伤指标，观察化学缺氧和复氧后不同时间细胞损伤和HIF1 α蛋白变化。结果 在氯化钴模拟化学缺氧实验中，LDH漏出明显增加，8h达高峰，随后逐渐下降，电镜结果与LDH改变相一致，HIF1 α蛋白表达在化学缺氧后2，4，8和12h均明显增加，8h达高峰，提示化学缺氧8h后细胞损伤逐渐减轻可能与HIF1 α蛋白水平升高有关。在模拟复氧实验中，LDH和细胞形态学改变都显示化学复氧8h细胞损伤最为严重，而HIF1 α蛋白表达在化学复氧4和8h均明显下降，提示细胞化学复氧损伤可能与HIF1 α蛋白水平下降有关。结论 HIF1对神经细胞化学缺氧复氧损伤具有保护作用。     

带线钮扣钢板治疗锁骨外侧端骨折

锁骨外侧端骨折是一种常见的肩部运动损伤,治疗方法较多,如克氏针张力带、空心螺钉喙锁间固定、肩锁钩钢板和喙锁间采用不吸收线固定等等,但都存在一些明显的缺陷。这常困扰着骨科医师,为求找到更好的治疗方法,自2007年5月至2008年9月,我们采用长期用于膝关节交叉韧带重建的纽扣钢板治疗锁骨外侧端骨折31例,取得了满意的效果,现总结报告如下。     

34例合并多发伤的浮膝损伤治疗体会

浮膝损伤是一种高能量所致同侧股骨和胫骨骨折的严重损伤，伤情复杂、多发伤多、处理困难。本院自1990年1月～2005年5月共收治合并多发伤的浮膝损伤34例，现将治疗中的初步体会提出讨论如下：     

贲门癌48例误诊原因分析

70 %的早期胃癌患者无典型症状 ,尤其是贲门癌[1] 。由于贲门癌位置结构特殊 ,早期症状隐匿 ,易与消化不良、胃炎、溃疡病等疾病混淆 ,临床易被误诊。本文收集了 1998～ 2 0 0 2年我院附属医院误诊的 4 8例贲门癌 ,现分析误诊原因如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组仅限在我     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

后外侧融合对胸腰椎爆裂型骨折疗效的影响

目的 观察后外侧融合对预防胸腰椎爆裂型骨折短节段固定失败的作用及意义。方法 本组60例胸腰椎爆裂型骨折患者，A组30例均为我院收治患者，B组30例均为外院手术来我院复查的患者。A组行短节段内固定自体髂骨植骨、后外侧融合术；B组仅行短节段内固定，未植骨融合。平均随访16个月，在X线侧位片上测量Cobb角、伤椎后凸角及矢状面指数（SI），临床疗效评价采用下腰痛评分法（low back outcome score，LBOS）。结果 手术前、后两组间Cobb角、伤椎后凸角、SI比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），而末次随访时两组间Cobb角、伤椎后凸角、SI比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。LBOS评分A组的优良率为73％（22／30），B组仅为43％（13／30）。结论 后外侧融合是降低内固定失败、减少纠正丢失等并发症的有效措施，只行内固定而不做植骨融合明显增高了并发症的发生率，是不恰当的手术方式。     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.     

应用输尿管镜放置双J管早期治疗输尿管阴道瘘

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of placing double J stent using a ureteroscope in early managing ureterovaginal fistula.Methods Twenty-eight patients cases with ureterovaginal fistula from 2002 to 2008 were treated early with placing double J stent using a ureteroscope and the clinical data were reviewed.Results Twenty-two of 28 cases were treated and double J stent was placed in them by a uretero-scope and 75% (21/28)of cases were cured.Four of 21 cases were treated twice by a ureteroscope and were cured finally.7 cases with failure ureterovaginal treatment underwent ureterocystostomy and were cured.The follow-up from 6 months to 33 months (average 10.1±6.4 months)showed that all of the 28 cases had been cured and had no urinary fistula.Conclusion Placing double J stent using a ureteroscope is the first choice of operative procedure for the early treatment of ureterovaginal fistula.