CLDN16 基因突变致家族性低镁血症高钙尿症与肾钙质沉着症1 例报告并文献复习

目的探讨家族性低镁血症高钙尿症和肾钙质沉着症(FHHNC)的临床特征和致病基因特点。方法分析1例2月龄FHHNC女性患儿的临床资料。结果患儿血镁低,尿钙高;肾脏超声提示肾髓质回声增强;多次尿培养大肠埃希菌。基因测序显示患儿CLDN16基因2处杂合变异c.324+1GC,c.317CT(p.Ser 106 Phe)。予抗感染及25%硫酸镁、门冬氨酸钾镁、10%枸橼酸钠口服治疗,病情好转。结论 FHHNC罕见且预后差,目前除肾移植外无特殊治疗方法,基因检测有助于早期诊断。     

Effects of ruxolitinib cream on pruritus and quality of life in atopic dermatitis: Results from a phase 2, randomized,dose-ranging,vehicle- and active-controlled study

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抗GABABR抗体和抗KCTD16抗体双阳性自身免疫性脑炎(附1例报告及文献复习)

目的提高和拓展对抗γ-氨基丁酸B型受体(GABABR)抗体和抗钾离子通道四聚体结构域蛋白16(KCTD16)抗体双阳性自身免疫性脑炎的认识。方法收集1例抗GABABR抗体和抗KCTD16抗体双阳性的自身免疫性脑炎患者的临床资料,总结诊断、治疗经过等临床特点,结合文献复习进行分析和讨论。结果患者男性,50岁,亚急性起病,表现为精神行为异常、记忆障碍和癫痫发作。脑脊液蛋白增高(1.10g·L^-1),细胞数正常,血清和脑脊液抗GABABR抗体阳性。头颅磁共振检查示双侧海马信号增高。诊断为抗GABABR脑炎。对糖皮质激素、静脉注射免疫球蛋白、血浆置换治疗反应良好,但经历多次复发。随访过程中,患者血清中检测到抗KCTD16抗体阳性。发病1年后,患者全身正电子发射计算机断层显像示右肺近肺门软组织结节,远端阻塞性炎症,氟代脱氧葡萄糖代谢异常增高,行肺结节穿刺未见异形细胞,支气管镜未见出血及新生物。后续随访患者肺部结节进一步增大,最终病理活检证明为小细胞肺癌。结论抗KCTD16抗体可存在于抗GABAbR脑炎患者中,且与小细胞肺癌密切相关。     

Membrane-associated mucins of the ocular surface: New genes,new protein functions and new biological roles in human and mouse

The mucosal glycocalyx of the ocular surface constitutes the point of interaction between the tear film and the apical epithelial cells. Membrane-associated mucins (MAMs) are the defining molecules of the glycocalyx in all mucosal epithelia. Long recognized for their biophysical properties of hydration, lubrication, anti-adhesion and repulsion, MAMs maintain the wet ocular surface, lubricate the blink, stabilize the tear film and create a physical barrier to the outside world. However, it is increasingly appreciated that MAMs also function as cell surface receptors that transduce information from the outside to the inside of the cell. A number of excellent review articles have provided perspective on the field as it has progressed since 1987, when molecular cloning of the first MAM was reported. The current article provides an update for the ocular surface, placing it into the broad context of findings made in other organ systems, and including new genes, new protein functions and new biological roles. We discuss the epithelial tissue-equivalent with mucosal differentiation, the key model system making these advances possible. In addition, we make the first systematic comparison of MAMs in human and mouse, establishing the basis for using knockout mice for investigations with the complexity of an in vivo system. Lastly, we discuss findings from human genetics/genomics, which are providing clues to new MAM roles previously unimagined. Taken together, this information allows us to generate hypotheses for the next stage of investigation to expand our knowledge of MAM function in intracellular signaling and roles unique to the ocular surface.     

16排CT在腰椎间盘突出诊断中的应用

目的分析16排CT在腰椎间盘突出诊断的应用。方法在诊断患者中使用16排螺旋CT机进行传统椎间盘层面轴位扫描和全腰椎容积扫描,比较诊断的结果。结果诊断L2~L3段膨出差异较大(P0.05),诊断突出L1~L2、L3~L4、L4~L5、L5~S1段两种扫描方法诊断膨出和突出效果差异较小(P0.05)。讨论16排螺旋CT扫描技术在检查腰椎间盘突出明显优于传统扫描技术。     

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase silencing down-regulates TCTP and Cofilin-1 associated with metastasis in benzo(a)pyrene carcinogenesis

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a ubiquitously distributed environmental pollutant. BaP is a known carcinogen and can induce malignant transformation of rodent and human cells. Many evidences suggest that inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is potent anticancer drug candidate. However, the effect of PARG on BaP carcinogenesis remains unclear. We explored this question in a PARG-deficient human bronchial epithelial cell line (shPARG cells) treated with various concentration of BaP for 15 weeks. Soft agar assay was used to examine BaP-induced cell malignancy of human bronchial epithelial cells and shPARG cells. Mechanistic investigations were used by 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry. Western blot analysis and Double immunofluorescence detection were used to confirm some of the results obtained from DIGE experiments. We found that PARG silencing could dramatically inhibit BaP-induced cell malignancy of human bronchial epithelial cells in soft agar assay. Altered levels of expression induced by BaP were observed within shPARG cells for numerous proteins, including proteins required for cell mobility, stress response, DNA repair and cell proliferation pathways. Among these proteins, TCTP and Cofilin-1 involved in malignancy, were validated by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay. PARG inhibition contributed to down-regulation of TCTP and Cofilin-1. This is the first experimental demonstration of a link between PARG silencing and reduced cell migration after BaP exposure. We propose that PARG silencing might down-regulate TCTP and Cofilin-1 associated with metastasis in BaP carcinogenesis.     

研究16排螺旋CT三维重建技术对于舟状骨骨折的诊断价值

目的研究16排螺旋CT三维重建技术对于舟状骨骨折的诊断价值。方法选取在我院进行检查的舟状骨骨折患者78例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组患者使用X线检查,观察组采用16排螺旋CT三维重建技术进行检查,比较和分析两组患者的检查结果。结果观察组患者舟状骨骨折检查的准确率是100%,对照组的检查准确率是82.05%,两组检查结果差异较为明显(P0.05),具有统计学意义。结论 16排螺旋CT三维重建技术在检查和诊断舟状骨骨折时,具有显著效果。