探索通过PBL教学法培养临床医学研究生学习兴趣

学习兴趣的培养现已成为教育理论和实践的核心问题。因此探索通过PBL教学法培养临床医学研究生学习兴趣,使两者能够相互促进,提高PBL教学效果。通过学生自我评价和心理测评工具对培养效果进行评估,学生学习兴趣明显提升。这种培养方法为更好地利用PBL教学法打下基础,为所有教学法中如何培养学习兴趣提供借鉴。     

强肝胶囊对大鼠实验性肝纤维化防治作用

目的 研究强胶囊对四氯化碳大鼠肝纤维化预防与防治作用。方法 以CCl4诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,造模前2周及结束后分别予强肝胶囊进行防治,各持续10周;测定肝组织羟脯氨酸（Hyp）含量,光镜、电镜观察肝脏病理形态变化。结果 强肝胶囊预防、治疗组Hyp显著降低（P＜0．05）,胶原沉积及脂肪变性明显减轻（P＜0．05）,电镜显示强肝胶囊预防组肝细胞内脂滴明显减少,狄氏间隙内胶原纤维增生明显减轻。结论 强肝胶囊对大鼠肝纤维化具有明确防治作用。     

结肠憩室病

结肠憩室 (ｄｉｖｅｒｔｉｃｕｌｕｍｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｌｏｎ)是指结肠粘膜经肠壁肌层缺损处向外形成囊状突出的病理结构多个憩室的存在则称之为结肠憩室病 (ｄｉｖｅｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｄｉｓｅａｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｌｏｎ) [1] 。憩室绝大多数为后天形成 ,多位于乙状结肠 ,盲肠、升结肠也不少见。当前 ,本病在世界范围内发病率有逐年增高趋势。发病年龄多在60岁后 ,女性稍多于男性。本病常缺乏临床症状 ,多以并发症为首发表现 ,从症状上本病难与结肠其它疾病相鉴别 ,故误诊率高 ,对本病认识有提高之必要。　　结肠憩室西方国家甚为常见。 60岁…     

左冠状动脉起源于肺动脉误诊二例

我院2006年11～12月,连续收治2例左冠状动脉起源于肺动脉（ALCAPA）患者,现总结2例患者的诊断、治疗经验。     

PCI和CABG治疗单纯左主干病变效果进展

随着基础医学、医疗设备、高新技术的进展和循证医学的广泛开展,血运重建技术已经取得了快速的进展。左主干病变可通过内科和外科手段实现心肌血运重建,缓解症状,改善预后和延长寿命。目前血运重建措施有经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)和冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)。但是对于更适当的治疗措施尚无定论。故本文就PCI和CABG在左主干病变患者的治疗效果做一综述。     

利用人骨髓基质干细胞构建组织工程心脏瓣膜的体外实验

BACKGROUND:Nowadays, mechanical or biological valve recipients used in the clinic are still at the risk of infection, hemorrhage, thrombosis and reoperation owing to valve stenosis. Tissue-engineered heart valve with biological activity can overcome the disadvantages above. While, the optimal choice of scaffolds and seeding cells remains disputable. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility to construct tissue-engineered heart valve with acellularized porcine aortic valve scaffold and human bone marrow stromal stem cells in vitro. METHODS:The porcine aortic valves were decellularized with the detergent and enzymatic extraction process to remove the cellular components. Human bone marrow stromal stem cells were aspirated from sternum of the patients with simple congenital heart malformation, and then the cells were seeded on the acellularized porcine aortic valve scaffold and cultured for 5 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Flow cytometry identified that the characteristics of surface antigen of the inoculated seed cells were in line with those of human bone marrow stromal stem cells. Light microscopy and electron microscopy confirmed that the cellular components in the porcine aortic valves could be removed to obtain the complete acellular fiber mesh stent. There was no significant difference in biomechanical property between before and after acellularization. The human bone marrow stromal stem cells implanted on the acellularized porcine aortic valve scaffold could form a continuous cell layer on the surfaces of the scaffold. The inoculated bone marrow stromal stem cells could be differentiated into fibroblasts. The implantation of human bone marrow stromal stem cells on the acellularized porcine aortic valve scaffold can construct the tissue-engineered heart valve.     

栝楼桂枝汤治疗脑卒中后下肢痉挛疗效观察及对下肢运动功能的影响

目的:观察栝楼桂枝汤对脑卒中后下肢痉挛患者中医证候积分及下肢运动功能的影响。方法:将脑卒中后下肢痉挛患者203例随机分为2组,对照组101例给予常规治疗及康复训练,研究组102例在对照组的基础上加用栝楼桂枝汤治疗,2组疗程均为4周。观察比较2组治疗前后中医证候积分、痉挛指数(CSI)评分、下肢运动功能Fugl-Meger评定量表(FMA)评分、日常活动能力指数(BI)评分,检测2组治疗前后血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、D-二聚体(D-D)等血清学指标。结果:治疗后,2组中医证候积分、CSI评分均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05);且研究组两项评分均低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,2组FMA、BI评分均较治疗前明显升高(P0.05);且研究组两项评分均高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,2组血清hs-CRP、D-D水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05);且研究组两项指标均低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:栝楼桂枝汤辅助治疗脑卒中后下肢痉挛患者,可有效缓解临床症状,调节体内凝血纤溶状态,减轻下肢痉挛程度,从而改善患者下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力。