玻璃酸钠关节腔注射结合股四头肌训练用于治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的疗效观察

骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)在全球范围内是最常见的一种关节慢性退行性病变;其中又以膝关节发生率最高。对于骨性关节炎的发病机制仍然不是清楚,现在一般认为与机体衰老退变和生物力学的改变有关,其中关节软骨的退变是骨性关节炎的最直接原因[1—2]。目前骨关节炎的治疗方法多种多样,其疗效亦各不相同。我们通过玻璃酸钠关节腔注射结合股四头肌训练治疗膝关节骨性关节炎取得满意疗效,现报告如下。     

纳米级磨损微粒对大鼠肾毒性与氧化应激的影响及机制

我们选用人工关节假体的主要金属材料和陶瓷材料,观察不同种类磨损微粒对大鼠肾功能的影响. 一、材料和方法 1.材料:纳米级钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V,平均粒径80 nm)、陶瓷(ZrO2,平均粒径95 nm)颗粒(中国矿业大学摩擦学与可靠性工程研究所刘洪涛教授惠赠). 2.模型制作与分组:微粒造模组分别用5、50、500 mg/kg的浓度对大鼠进行连续腹腔微粒注射7d,对照组等量无菌生理盐水注射[1].     

胫骨假体的放置对全膝置换术的影响

目的：探讨人工全膝关节置换术中胫骨假体放置的位置与疗效的关系。方法：回顾性总结和分析我院行全膝置换术的12例患者手术前后疗效。结果：按照Knee-society-scores系统及HSS系统评价，术后在疼痛、关节功能及活动度等方面均有明显的改善。结论：人工全膝关节置换术是治疗严重膝关节疾病的切实有效方法，但应注意胫骨假体的正确放置以减少胫骨假体的松动。     

PCCP与PFNA内固定股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效对比

目的对比分析经皮加压钢板(PCCP)和股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法采用PCCP(39例)与PFNA(44例)内固定股骨粗隆间骨折83例,对比两组手术时间、术中出血量、X线透视次数、下地负重时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症及Harris功能评分。结果两组下地负重时间、手术成功率及术后并发症发生率比较PFNA组优于PCCP组,但PCCP组X线透视次数少于PFNA组。结论只有根据适应证合理的选择内固定方式治疗股骨粗隆间骨折,才能减少手术失败率和并发症。     

亚油酸乙酯抑制钛颗粒诱导的炎症反应及其作用机制

BACKGROUND: Ethyl linoleate has been proved to attenuate the inflammatory-cytokines release induced by lipopolysaccharide, but whether it can inhibit titanium-induced osteolysis and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of ethyl linoleate on the expression of inflammatory-related factors induced by titanium particles and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Forty-eight Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control, titanium, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and experimental groups. The back air pouch Inflammatory models were established in the mice of the titanium, DMSO and experimental groups, in which the 200 µL menstruum of DMSO (0.5%) and 200 µL ethyl linoleate (0.5%) were respectively administered into the pouch of the mice at 12 hours. Mice in the blank control group received no intervention. Fourteen days later, the inflammatory cell infiltration in the skin was examined through hematoxylin-eosin staining; the expression levels of inhibitor κB-α, nuclear factor-κB, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 as well as ERK, p-ERK, JNK, p-JNK, p38 and p-p38 in MAPK signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the titanium group and DMSO group, there were numerous inflammatory cells and vacuole-like necrotic tissues in the hair follicle lacuna of dermis and loose connective tissues of hypodermis. The experiment group showed significant reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration and vacuole-like necrosis. Compared with the blank control group, the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, ERK, JNK and p38 in the DMSO and titanium groups were significantly increased, while inhibitor κB-α significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the DMSO and titanium groups, there were significantly down-regulated levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, ERK, JNK and p38, and up-regulated inhibitor κB-α level in the experimental group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ethyl linoleate can remarkably suppress the expressions of titanium-induced inflammatory factors associated with the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB and MAPK signaling pathway activation.     

人工全髋关节置换术中采用联合前倾角技术治疗强直性脊柱炎累及髋关节的疗效观察

目的 探讨人工全髋关节置换术（total hip arthroplasty,THA）中采用联合前倾角技术治疗强直性脊柱炎（ankylosing spondylitis,AS）累及髋关节的疗效。方法 回顾分析2018年8月—2021年8月采用THA治疗的73例AS累及髋关节患者临床资料。根据THA术中是否采用联合前倾角技术,分为研究组（37例,THA采用联合前倾角技术）和对照组（36例,行传统THA）。两组患者性别、年龄、身体质量指数、病程及术前Harris评分、髋关节活动度（range of motion,ROM）、髋臼前倾角、髋臼外展角、股骨前倾角、联合前倾角等基线资料比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。记录并比较两组患者手术时间、住院时间及并发症发生情况;比较两组患者术前,术后1、3、6、12个月和末次随访时Harris评分和髋关节ROM,评价髋关节功能。术后测量髋臼假体前倾角、股骨假体前倾角、髋臼假体外展角、假体联合前倾角等影像学指标。结果 研究组手术时间短于对照组（P<0.05）,两组患者住院时间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组术中均未出现髋臼及...     

相对定量检测HLA-B27 mRNA表达水平的方法建立

目的建立检测HLA-B27 mRNA表达水平的相对定量的方法。方法筛选未经治疗的AS患者外周静脉血27例,其中HLA-B27阳性患者22例,HLA-B27阴性患者5例,对标本进行Total RNA提取,然后用RT—PCR方法进行HLA-B27反转录及相对定量。结果22例HLA-B27阳性AS患者有着相对较高的HLA-B27 mRNA表达水平,最低值为1．16,最高值为37．01,均值为7．77。5例HLA—B27阴性AS患者均值为1．19,接近于HLAB27阴性健康对照组。结论检测外周静脉血HLA—B27 mRNA表达水平对检测AS是一种有效可行的方法。     

非吻合血管的前臂岛状皮瓣在手外科的临床应用

介绍了不用吻合血管的前臂岛状皮瓣在19例手部皮肤缺损病例中的应用。其方法简便,成功率高,有一定的临床实用价值。     

大白鼠尾动脉吻合实验的方法与体会

报告了960次大白鼠尾动脉吻合实验,采用端端吻合法800次,即刻通畅率96.5％,套叠吻合法160次,即刻通畅率100％。作者认为利用大白鼠尾动脉作吻合训练,具有节省动物、可多次操作、无需无菌条件、操作简单易行等优点,并介绍了操作方法和注意点。