Progestin-inducible EDD E3 ubiquitin ligase binds to α4 phosphoprotein to regulate ubiquitination and degradation of protein phosphatase PP2Ac

Mammalian α4 phosphoprotein binds to the protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) to regulate PP2A activity, and to poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) and progestin-inducible EDD E3 ubiquitin ligase. This study showed induction of the EDD protein by progesterone, 17β-estradiol and prolactin in breast cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses, using lysates of COS-1 cells transfected with α4-deletion constructs, showed the α4 N-terminus binding to endogenous PP2Ac and PABP, and the C-terminus to EDD. Monoubiquitinated α4 in MCF-7 cells was unaffected by EDD-targeting siRNA (siEDD) nor by non-targetting siNT, thus, EDD does not ubiquitinate α4. PP2Ac is polyubiquitinated, and 36-kDa PP2Ac only was detected in siEDD- or siNT-transfected cells. However, treatment with proteasomal inhibitor MG132 showed polyubiquitinated-PP2Ac molecules (∼65–250 kDa) abundantly in siNT controls but low in siEDD-transfectants, implicating PP2Ac as an EDD substrate. Finally, progesterone induction of EDD in MCF-7 cells correlated with decreased PP2Ac levels, further implicating hormone-inducible EDD in PP2Ac turnover.     

Neuroendocrine control of maternal behavior in non-human and human mammals

Mammalian parental care is essentially provided by the mother and it occupies most of the reproductive period for female. The synchronization of maternal behavior with parturition and lactation ensures that the mother responds to the needs of the young at the appropriate time. This temporal synchrony is accomplished by hormonal changes that underly both the onset of maternal behavior and of parturition and lactation. The aim of this review is to describe and compare the hormonal mechanisms that regulate the onset of maternal behavior across a variety of mammals, including humans, that represent different behavioral strategies. Are involved the steroid hormones, estradiol and progesterone synthesized by the ovaries which primed the future mother to repond maternally. In response to these steroids, oxytocin release induced by vaginocervical stimulation and prolactin release affect the maternal brain. The medial preoptic area integrates the hormonal signals to regulate maternal behavior. The hormonal cocktail that stimulates maternal behavior varies across mammalian species. Because most of the studies in humans are correlative and because human environment is complex, direct causality between hormones and maternal behavior is unclear. However, one can reasonably think that hormones create a positive bias towards the baby increasing the occurrence of maternal behavior.     

喹硫平替换氯氮平治疗精神分裂症临床疗效观察

目的探讨分析喹硫平替换氯氮平治疗精神分裂症临床疗效及对患者血清胰岛素、泌乳素与生活质量的影响。方法选取我院在2017年5~11月期间收治的120例经氯氮平治疗出现代谢异常的精神分裂症患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(n=60)与对照组(n=60)。对照组患者给予单一的氯氮平治疗,治疗后首日将氯氮平日量减少1/4~1/3,此后每周氯氮平日量减1/2,治疗3个月;观察组患者在替换用喹硫平片0.2~0.4 g,分2次服用,一般每隔3 d调整剂量1次,4周加至0.6 g,最大日量不超过1.2 g,疗程为3个月。采用临床总体印象量表(CGI)病情严重程度(SI)进行评分和生活质量量表(SF-12),包括锥体外系副反应量表(RSESE)评定临床疗效,对比分析两组患者血清胰岛素及血糖与泌乳素的变化情况。结果从第2周开始,观察组CGI-SI评分与基线比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),第6周末与第2周末比较,第12周末与第6周末比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),而对照组各时间段无明显变化(P0.05);随着治疗时间越长,观察组社会功能改善越明显(P0.05),而对照组各时间段无明显变化(P0.05);两组血清胰岛素、血糖及泌乳素第12周末与基线时比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且观察组血清胰岛素从第2周末开始升高比对照组快,血糖从第2周末开始降低比对照组快,泌乳素从第6周末开始与对照组有差异(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者失眠、焦虑激越比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),头痛、头晕、便秘、肝功能异常差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对氯氮平治疗出现代谢异常的精神分裂症患者,运用喹硫平替换治疗能改善患者的精神病性症状,且提高了社会功能,更具有安全性,值得推广。     

Production and physiological function of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in non-pregnant human endometrial stromal cells

Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on proliferation and differentiation of normal human endometrial stromal cells were investigated in an in vitro decidualization culture of stromal cells. Unstimulated stromal cells secreted little prolactin and G-CSF, whereas 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated stromal cells secreted higher levels. There was no relationship, however, between the levels of prolactin and G-CSF secreted from the stimulated cells. Detectable levels of prolactin secretion were not found in two of six stromal cell cultures stimulated with 8-Br-cAMP; however, these two culture supernatants contained high concentrations of G-CSF. Co-stimulation of the stromal cells with 8-Br-cAMP and G-CSF enhanced prolactin secretion from the stimulated cells in a G-CSF concentration-dependent manner without any change in viable cell numbers. However, G-CSF did not affect prolactin secretion or viable cell numbers of 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated decidualized cells. These results indicate that G-CSF enhances cAMP-mediated decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells in an autocrine or paracrine fashion.     

Evaluation of safety and efficacy of Maa-Lact in lactating Holtzman rats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety & efficacy of Maa-Lact granules for its galactogougue activity in Holtzman rats and its effect on suckling pups.MethodsGroup I rats were treated as control, group II and III rats were treated with 500 mg/kg, 1 000 mg/kg of Maa-Lact granules for 21 days. Weekly body weights of dams and pups were collected, litter survivability for 22 days and ocular blood samples were collected on 1^st day of parturition and 21^st day of post parturition for the estimation of prolactin levels. On 21^st day blood samples were collected from retro-orbital sinus for haemotological and biochemical estimations. On the same day of weaning rats were sacrificed and subjected to necropsy and individual organ weights were recorded.ResultsNo significant difference in weekly food weight consumption, body weights between control & treated groups with normal clinical signs. There is no mortaly in dams throught the study period with no significant difference in pups weights. The percentage mortality in pups was 14.43 %, 14.07 %, and 13.42% in group I, group II and group III, respectively. The histopathological finding has shown that treated groups have less convulution and adipose tissue deposition along with increase in length and branching of lactiferous duct and alveolar size.ConclusionBased on above results, it can be concluded that Maa-Lact posseses significant galctogogue activity.     

性激素在急性肺损伤中作用的初步研究

目的 探讨性激素在大鼠急性肺损伤中对肺脏病理变化的可能作用及机制。方法 复制大肠杆菌内毒素脂多糖诱发的雄性大鼠急性肺损伤的模型，切除性腺15d后予以补充雌二醇(1mg／kg)，观察急性肺损伤大鼠的肺组织显微病理变化，并应用免疫组化技术测定肺组织中雌激素受体、孕激素受体的表达及应用放免法测定外周血中的雌二醇、催乳素浓度变化。结果 雌二醇治疗组(A组)大鼠肺组织病理损伤较睾丸切除组(B组)大鼠为轻，B组大鼠肺组织病理损伤较假睾丸切除组(c组)大鼠为轻：A组与B、c组及正常对照组(D组)相比外周血中的雌二醇及催乳素的浓度明显升高，差异有显著性，B组较c组及D组外周血中的雌二醇浓度下降，差异有显著性；A组雌激素、孕激素受体的阳性表达率较B、C、D组升高，差异有显著性。结论 高雌激素水平对脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤有保护作用，而低雄激素、高催乳素水平可能是对脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤起辅助性保护性作用。     

性激素对腹部外科疾病伴全身炎症反应综合征患者预后的影响

目的 评价血清性激素水平在腹部外科疾病伴全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)患者病情预后评估中的应用价值.方法采用前瞻性、单中心、观察研究方法.选择2009年7月10日至2010年2月9日天津市南开医院外科重症监护病房(SICU)收治的39例腹部外科疾病伴SIRS患者,根据患者入院72 h内的血清雌二醇、泌乳素及睾酮水平(用放射免疫法检测)分为雌二醇升高组(20例)和未升高组(19例)、泌乳素升高组(16例)和未升高组(23例)、睾酮降低组(14例)和未降低组(25例),分别观察各组患者急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅰ)评分、总住院时间、住ICU时间、总住院费用及28 d转归.结果 与雌二醇未升高组比较,雌二醇升高组APACHEⅡ评分(分)有所降低,但差异无统计学意义(11.6±7.8比15.2±8.8,P＞0.05),住ICU时间(d)明显缩短(8.5±4.0比12.1±7.9,P＜0.05),28d病死率明显降低(10.0％比35.7％,P＜0.05).与泌乳素未升高组比较,泌乳素升高组住ICU时间(d)明显缩短(8.7±3.1比12.9±2.1,P＜0.01),总住院费用(万元)明显降低(6.70±3.50比13.20±8.20,P＜0.05).与睾酮未降低组比较,睾酮降低组APACHEⅡ评分(分)明显降低(10.4±5.4比15.2±9.4,P＜0.05),住ICU时间(d)明显缩短(26.6±12.2比28.1±17.0,P＜0.01),28 d病死率明显降低(0比31.8％,P＜0.01).结论 腹部外科疾病伴SIRS患者早期血清雌激素、泌乳素及睾酮水平对患者的预后有显著影响.     

体育治疗对住院精神分裂症病人的催乳素等影响的对照研究

[目的]探讨体育治疗对精神分裂症病人神经内分泌的影响。本研究选择两组住院精神分裂症病人共99例，治疗治疗组53例，对照组46例，控制其它相关因素齐同后，对照组常规住院治疗，治疗组增加每周3次为期6个月的体育治疗，观察体育治疗对精神分裂症病人的催乳素、皮质醇等内分泌激素的影响。[方法]使用芬兰MK3酶标仪用ELISA方法，应用进口试剂盒测定催乳素、皮质醇。[结果]组内治疗前后自身对照：对照组病人的催乳素、皮质醇，在统计学上的无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。组间对照：治疗组病人与对照组病人之间催乳素、皮质醇在3月末、6月末没有表现出显著性差异（P〉0．05）。[结论]体育治疗对住院精神分裂症病人催乳素、皮质醇等内分泌指标影响不大，这可能与人体的内分泌激素受多种因素的影响，而与单一的体育治疗干预关系不相关。但是，也不能排除检测的方法学因素和样本量小的因素，本研究的结果和推论可能有一定的局限性，有待于进一步扩大样本，改进研究方法和实验方法，进一步证实。