恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎患者血清铁蛋白的检测与临床意义

目的:检测慢性乙型肝炎患者血清铁蛋白(SF)的水平及恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗前后的变化。方法:采用化学发光法检测102例慢性乙型肝炎患者SF水平,并检测ALT、HBV DNA、基因型等指标。结果:轻度、中度至重度患者SF水平依次递增,均高于健康对照组,SF与ALT水平呈正相关,不同基因型之间SF水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗病毒治疗48周后,ALT复常组及HBV DNA阴性组患者SF水平均明显下降。结论:检测SF水平可以在一定程度上反映肝脏炎性反应程度。定期监测SF的变化,对判断恩替卡韦抗病毒疗效及疾病预后有一定意义。     

舒肝益脾胶囊联合恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床研究

目的探讨舒肝益脾胶囊联合恩替卡韦分散片治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床疗效。方法选取2015年10月—2017年10月阳新县人民医院收治的100例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者为研究对象,将所有患者采用抽签方式分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例。对照组患者口服恩替卡韦分散片,0.5 mg/次,1次/d。治疗组患者在对照组基础上口服舒肝益脾胶囊,5粒/次,3次/d。两组患者均接受治疗6个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的肝功能指标、肝纤维化指标。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.00%、96.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBIL)水平均显著降低,白蛋白(ALB)水平显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组患者肝功能指标水平明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);并且治疗组肝纤维化指标水平明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论舒肝益脾胶囊联合恩替卡韦分散片治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化具有较好的临床疗效,能有效改善患者肝功能和肝纤维化,安全性较好,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

恩替卡韦联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者疗效及其对外周血辅助性T淋巴细胞的影响*

目的 探讨恩替卡韦联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者疗效及其对外周血淋巴细胞百分比的影响。方法 随机将180例CHB 患者分为对照组90例和观察组90例。两组患者均接受恩替卡韦治疗,观察组患者在此基础上加用苦参素口服,观察6个月。采用ELISA 法检测血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1),采用RIA 法测定血清血管紧张素II(Ang-II)水平,使用流式细胞仪检测外周血辅助性T细胞及CD80 和CD86 阳性细胞百分比。结果 在治疗6个月末,观察组血清ALT 复常、HBeAg 和HBV DNA 阴转率分别为34.4%、91.1% 和86.7%,显著高于对照组的18.9%、78.9%和63.3%(P<0.05);血清MMP-9、TGF-β1 和Ang-II 水平分别为(30.5±3.6)ng/ml 、(19.5±2.2) ng/ml 和(33.7±4.1)ng/dL,与对照组【(22.4±2.7)ng/ml 、(22.6±2.8) ng/ml 和(46.3±4.9)ng/dL,P<0.05】比,差异显著;Th2和Th1细胞及CD80和CD86阳性细胞百分比分别为(6.6±1.5)%、(9.8±2.3)%、(2.5±0.7)%和(1.6±0.5)%,与对照组【(9.0±2.7)%、(7.9±1.4)%、(1.9±0.3)%和(1.1±0.2)%,P<0.05】比,差异显著。结论 应用恩替卡韦联合苦参素治疗CHB患者可能通过改善机体的免疫功能而提高近期疗效。     

恩替卡韦联合复方鳖甲软肝片对乙肝肝硬化患者肝功能及肝纤维化指标的影响

目的探讨恩替卡韦联合复方鳖甲软肝片对乙肝肝硬化患者肝功能及肝纤维化指标的影响。方法选择2017年6月～2018年6月本院收治的乙肝肝硬化患者72例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(36例)和观察组(36例),对照组给予恩替卡韦治疗,观察组在此基础上联合使用复方鳖甲软肝片治疗,两组持续用药6个月后,比较两组患者肝功能及肝纤维化指标。结果治疗后,观察组AST(22.37±7.43)U/L、ALT(26.68±9.32)U/L和TBIL(10.08±1.62)μmol/L水平均低于对照组(27.04±8.62)U/L、(36.85±10.24)U/L、(12.93±1.98)μmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,观察组PC-Ⅲ(130.78±11.69)ng/mL、Ⅳ-C (122.47±10.69)ng/mL、HA (102.72±14.36)ng/mL和LN(121.59±13.63)ng/mL水平均低于对照组(152.48±12.13)ng/mL、(142.86±11.33)ng/mL、(149.83±15.81)ng/mL、(143.87±14.22)ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率(13.89%)高于对照组的8.33%,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论乙肝肝硬化患者采用恩替卡韦联合复方鳖甲软肝片治疗,有助于抑制乙肝病毒的活性,减少肝脏纤维化的发生,从而改善肝功能,效果高于单独采用恩替卡韦治疗。     

Combination treatment in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) represents an important public health problem. HBeAg-negative CHB is frequently associated with advanced liver disease and its prevalence is increasing. Monotherapy with either interferon (conventional or pegylated) or nucleoside/nucleotide analogues has its limitations. It has been suggested that a combination of these agents might increase antiviral efficacy. However, existing data do not support this hypothesis, even though combination treatment appears to reduce the risk for emergence of lamivudine resistance. Nevertheless, most existing combination studies are small, and it is possible that they have not been designed to detect significant differences between combination treatment and monotherapies. Another limitation of these studies is that, in most of them, lamivudine treatment was discontinued after 1 year, a strategy that is not followed in clinical practice. It was thought to be interesting to evaluate the combination of a short course of interferon (particularly pegylated) with the long-term administration of nucleotide or nucleoside analogues. The efficacy of combining pegylated interferon with the newer nucleotide or nucleoside analogues or of nucleotide with nucleoside analogues could also be evaluated. However, findings show that until more data are available, combination therapy cannot be recommended as first-line treatment in patients with CHB. On the other hand, add-on therapy with adefovir or tenofovir is the treatment of choice in patients who develop resistance to lamivudine. In patients with cirrhosis, a combination of lamivudine/adefovir may also be used as initial treatment; another option would be to add tenofovir in patients with an insufficient response to entecavir.     

Entecavir as treatment for reactivation of hepatitis B in immunosuppressed patients

AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of entecavir (ETV) as first-line therapy for hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation due to immunosuppression. METHODS: Four patients that were treated with different immunosuppressive regimens for hematological malignancies, who presented with HBV reactivation were treated with ETV. Clinical outcome, biochemical and virological factors, including quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were studied. RESULTS: In all patients, ETV induced suppression of HBV, and rapid clinical improvement without side effects. In one patient with an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare, tenofovir was added after 3 mo of treatment. Until death from disease progression at 6 mo after treatment initiation, this patient did not clear HBV infection. Retrospectively, it is highly probable that thepatient had been non-adherent. In the other three patients, the virological responses were associated with an expeditious decrease in quantitative HBsAg titers with negativity after 2 mo, and all three had HBsAg seroconversion. In one patient, HBV DNA reached a plateau after 3 mo, before becoming undetectable after 1 year, despite early ALT normalization and undetectable quantitative HBsAg. CONCLUSION: ETV seems to be effective and safe treatment for HBV reactivation. Monitoring of quantitative HBsAg might be an additional useful tool to monitor treatment response.     

Virologic, serologic, and biochemical outcomes through 2 years of treatment with entecavir and lamivudine in nucleoside-naïve Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B: a randomized, multicenter study

Purpose

Entecavir demonstrated superior virologic and biochemical benefits over lamivudine at 48 weeks in nucleoside-naïve Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We evaluated the effect of continued entecavir and lamivudine treatment in patients who continued treatment in year 2 and the off-treatment durability of patients who achieved a protocol-defined consolidated response at week 48.

Methods

Chinese adults (n = 519) with CHB were randomized to a minimum of 52 weeks of treatment with entecavir 0.5 mg/day or lamivudine 100 mg/day. Patients with a consolidated response at week 48 (HBV DNA <0.7 MEq/ml for ≥24 weeks, ALT <1.25 times ULN, and, if HBeAg(+) at baseline, loss of HBeAg for at least 24 weeks) stopped treatment at week 52 and were followed off-treatment. Patients with a partial response at week 48 (HBV DNA <0.7 MEq/ml in the absence of other criteria for a consolidated response) could continue blinded treatment for up to 96 weeks. Patients were assessed for HBV DNA, ALT normalization, safety, and, if HBeAg(+) at baseline, for HBe seroconversion. Cumulative proportions of all treated patients who ever achieved these responses were also analyzed.

Results

Among patients treated during year 2 (entecavir: n = 193; lamivudine: n = 145), 74% of entecavir-treated and 41% of lamivudine-treated patients had HBV DNA <300 copies/ml by PCR at end of dosing and 96% of entecavir-treated and 82% of lamivudine-treated patients normalized ALT. Eleven percent of entecavir-treated versus 19% of lamivudine-treated patients underwent HBe seroconversion during year 2. Cumulative confirmed analysis for all treated patients through 96 weeks showed that 79% of entecavir-treated versus 46% of lamivudine-treated patients (p < 0.0001) achieved HBV DNA <300 copies/ml by PCR. Similar proportions of entecavir- and lamivudine-treated patients achieved confirmed ALT normalization and HBe seroconversion. Safety profile was comparable for both treatment groups.

Conclusions

Through 96 weeks of treatment, entecavir resulted in continued clinical benefit in nucleoside-naïve Chinese patients with CHB, with a safety profile comparable with lamivudine.     

苦参素联合恩替卡韦治疗乙肝后肝硬化的疗效分析

目的探讨苦参素联合恩替卡韦治疗乙肝后肝硬化的临床效果。方法回顾性分析近一年来80例我院收治的乙肝后肝硬化患者,随机分为A、B两组,每组40人,A组为实验组,B组为对照组。实验组A组苦参素联合恩替卡韦治疗乙肝后肝硬化;对照组B组单纯的西医恩替卡韦用药治疗乙肝后肝硬化。观察两组治疗前后的肝脏基本功能变化以及恢复状况。结果治疗组和对照组患者肝功一般生理功能治疗后疗均有明显恢复,但A组在ALT和AST方面对照组效果更佳明显,不良反应小;对HBeAg影响上,A组、B组两年后HBeAg阴转率分别为85.0%、55.0%;实验组和对照组患者肝功能纤维化血清学指标HA、LN、PCⅢ、CⅣ治疗前后具有明显地不同,A组的治疗效果更佳。结论中西医苦参素与恩替卡韦结合治疗乙肝后肝硬化较单纯的使用西医恩替卡韦的临床效果更明显。