Monitoring the patient response as an alternative to commercial negative quality control in infectious serology

BackgroundTraditional internal quality control schemes for qualitative infectious serology mostly rely on the use of commercial positive and negative quality control materials. However, with respect to the negative control, target values provided by the manufacturer are often poorly defined and non-commutability of the commercial materials further complicates correct interpretation of control results.An alternative quality control procedure using the median patient seronegative response is presented.Study designDaily patient median responses were calculated for our Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis B core antibody, Hepatitis C antibody and HIV antigen/antibody test systems. Because of the low prevalence of these viruses in our area, most patient responses are negative. A minimum of 5 patient samples per day was required to generate a stable daily median. Control limits were calculated and daily patient medians were plotted against commercial quality control results.ResultsCommercial negative controls and daily patient medians mostly behaved in the same way. Nevertheless, for the Hepatitis B surface antigen test, patient medians frequently exceeded the calculated control limit in contrast to commercial quality controls. This confirms that target ranges provided by the manufacturer are not always adequate. Moreover, an important matrix-related interference occurred on our HIV antigen/antibody test system and correct interpretation was only possible using daily patient median results.ConclusionMonitoring the daily patient median response can be a valuable alternative to traditional commercial negative quality control. It's easy to perform, cost-free, provides additional information with respect to matrix effects and allows for the establishment of well-defined control limits.     

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with tumor diameter larger than 5 cm

正Herein we reported 5 patients of mass-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC) misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT, the diagnosis was confirmed through contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) imaging and pathology. From January 2015 to January 2018, five patients(1 male and 4 females) were confirmed as ICC by surgical resection or biopsy in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, with average age of(74.2 ± 5.6) years. These 5 ICC patients were misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT and later on, diagnosed by CEUS     

超声引导下两种硬化剂药物治疗单纯性肝囊肿的疗效及并发症观察研究

背景近年来,超声介入技术发展迅速,超声引导下注射硬化剂治疗单纯性肝囊肿具有创伤小、并发症少、操作简便、疗效显著等优点,越来越受到临床重视,并成为单纯性肝囊肿的首选治疗手段.而其临床治疗效果与所使用的硬化剂种类密切相关.目的探讨超声引导下注射不同药物治疗单纯性肝囊肿的效果及其临床应用价值.方法回顾性分析我院收治的126例单纯性肝囊肿患者(共126个单纯性肝囊肿)的临床资料,按硬化剂药物不同分为聚桂醇组(63例,超声引导下注射聚桂醇治疗)和高渗葡萄糖组(63例,超声引导下注射高渗葡萄糖治疗),比较两组术中、术后1 mo的并发症情况以及术后3 mo的临床疗效.结果聚桂醇组治疗总有效率(98.41%)明显高于高渗葡萄糖组(73.02%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);聚桂醇组术后并发症总发生率(7.94%)明显低于高渗葡萄糖组(22.22%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论超声引导下注射硬化剂治疗单纯性肝囊肿疗效确切,而注射聚桂醇的疗效及安全性优于高渗葡萄糖,值得临床推广应用.     

连续性肾脏替代疗法叠加全血吸附改善脓毒性休克患者心肌抑制的疗效研究

目的探讨连续性肾脏替代疗法（CRRT）叠加全血吸附对脓毒性休克患者心肌抑制的改善效果。 方法选择2016年5月至2019年6月收治于绍兴市人民医院重症医学科、心脏指数（CI）< 3.0 L·min^-1·m^-2的60例脓毒性休克患者，按随机区组法分为对照组（30例）与试验组（30例），两组患者按照脓毒症/脓毒性休克标准化操作程序治疗，试验组在标准治疗基础上加用CRRT +全血吸附，连续治疗3 d。所有入选病例均应用脉波指示剂连续心排出量监测进行血流动力学监测，记录并评价两组患者入组时及治疗后第3、5天的CI、中心静脉压（CVP）、血管外肺水指数（EVLWI）、日去甲肾上腺素剂量、日液体总量及急性病生理学和长期健康评价（APACHE）Ⅱ评分。 结果两组脓毒性休克患者在不同时间点CI、CVP、EVLWI、日去甲肾上腺素剂量、日液体总量和APACHEⅡ评分的比较，差异均有统计学意义（F = 12.543、10.213、12.840、9.765、10.821、19.466，P均< 0.05）。两组患者入组时上述各指标的比较，差异均无统计学意义（P均> 0.05）；治疗后CI均有不同程度改善，试验组第3、5天CI均高于对照组[（3.0 ± 1.7）L·min^-1·m^-2 vs.（2.6 ± 1.6）L·min^-1·m^-2，（3.2 ± 1.8）L·min^-1·m^-2 vs.（2.7 ± 1.8）L·min^-1·m^-2，P均< 0.05]；两组患者的CVP治疗后均呈现下降趋势，且试验组第3、5天CVP值均显著低于对照组[（11.9 ± 5.9）cmH₂O vs.（13.5 ± 3.1）cmH₂O，（10.6 ± 3.7）cmH₂O vs.（12.6 ± 2.6）cmH₂O，P均< 0.05]；两组患者EVLWI在治疗后第3、5天回落至正常水平，且治疗后第3天试验组EVLWI显著低于对照组[（9.8 ± 2.4）mL/kg vs.（11.4 ± 3.3）mL/kg，P < 0.05]；治疗后第3、5天试验组日去甲肾上腺素剂量[（11.4 ± 3.4）mg vs.（18.9 ± 5.3）mg，（7.5 ± 2.1）mg vs.（13.2 ± 3.2）mg，P均< 0.05]和日液体总量[（2 954 ± 537）mL vs.（3 624 ± 453）mL，（2 446 ± 484）mL vs.（3 243 ± 675）mL，P均< 0.05]均少于对照组。两组患者APACHEⅡ评分治疗后呈下降趋势，试验组第3、5天APACHEⅡ评分均显著低于对照组[（13 ± 4）分vs.（18 ± 4）分，（11 ± 3）分vs.（13 ± 4）分，P均< 0.05]。 结论CRRT叠加全血吸附可在早期改善脓毒性休克患者心肌抑制状态，一定程度上改善患者预后。     

Risk Factors and Outcomes of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia in Patients with Stroke and Acute Large Artery Occlusion Treated with Endovascular Thrombectomy

Background and PurposeStroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) often increases high hospital mortality, prolongs length of hospital stay, and has considerable economic impact on healthcare costs. We aimed to explore independent predictors of SAP in acute anterior large artery occlusion patients who treated with endovascular treatment (EVT).MethodsConsecutive patients with acute anterior large artery occlusion stroke who underwent EVT from the Nanjing Stroke Registry from January 2019 to January 2020 were identified retrospectively. Patients were divided into SAP group and Non-SAP group. In the univariate analysis, variables including demographics, clinical factors, labs, and EVT features were compared between the two groups. Then a multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of SAP.ResultsOne hundred and twelve patients were enrolled. Patients with SAP, compared to those without SAP, had lower modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score 2b-3 rate (54.8% vs 85.2%; P = 0.001), higher asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage rate (48.4% vs 28.4%; P = 0.046), lower modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–2 rate at 90days rate (9.7% vs 60.5%; P < 0.001), and higher mortality at 90days (38.7% vs 11.1%; P = 0.001). The independent predictors of SAP were dysphagia (Unadjusted Odds ratio[OR] 6.49, 95% Confidence interval[CI] 2.49–16.92; P = 0.02; Adjusted OR 3.59, 95% CI 1.19–10.83; P = 0.02), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (Unadjusted OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.1–1.3; P = 0.001; Adjusted OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.25; P = 0.001), and mTICI 2b-3 (Unadjusted OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08–0.54; P = 0.001; Adjusted OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1–0.92; P = 0.04).ConclusionDysphagia, higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and failed recanalization were associated with SAP in acute ischemic stroke patients underwent endovascular therapy. Identification and prevention of SAP was necessary and important.     

健脾补肾方对脾肾阳虚型亚临床甲减伴骨质疏松患者的临床疗效

目的 观察健脾补肾方对亚临床甲减伴骨质疏松(脾肾阳虚型)患者的临床疗效和不良反应等。 方法 将2015年1月-2017年1月于绍兴市中医院就诊的120例脾肾阳虚型亚临床甲减伴骨质疏松患者按照随机数字表均分为2组。对照组予改善甲状腺功能和抗骨质疏松等对症治疗，研究组在对照组基础上加用健脾补肾方。治疗1年后，观察2组甲状腺功能、骨代谢、细胞因子、骨密度、证候积分、疗效和不良反应等。 结果 治疗后研究组TSH[(3.01±0.42)mU/L]、PTH[(18.75±4.39)ng/L]、骨代谢[BGP(12.92±4.39)ng/mL、PINP(240.79±9.38)μg/L、CTX(0.23±0.01)mmol/L)]、细胞因子[IL-10(2.63±1.07)pg/mL、IL-6(85.71±9.25)pg/mL]、治疗前后症状积分差[(21.45±4.33)分]、疗效(84.0%)改善优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。 结论 甲状腺功能是影响骨代谢的重要因素，亚临床甲减可引起骨量丢失，降低骨密度。健脾补肾方协助西医治疗可改善亚临床甲减伴骨质疏松(脾肾阳虚型)患者甲状腺功能、抑制骨吸收、促进骨形成、提高骨密度，改善临床症状，提高疗效。      

ICP-MS法测定酒石酸长春瑞滨中有害元素及催化剂银残留

目的：建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定酒石酸长春瑞滨中有害元素及催化剂银残留的方法。方法：用微波消解处理样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱内标法测定银、钒、铬、钴、镍、铜、砷、钼、镉、锡、锑、钡、铅、汞的含量。结果：上述14种元素的方法检出限分别为0.003、0.020、0.141、0.069、0.077、0.362、0.031、0.057、0.022、0.078、0.017、0.724、0.095、0.005 ng·mL^-1,线性关系良好（r≥0.9988）,回收率为86%~110%,RSD小于15%;同时,给出了此方法各元素的不确定度评定程序。结论：本方法采用在线加内标,可有效校正仪器漂移,抑制基体干扰,提高准确率,多元素测定便捷、准确、灵敏、可靠,可用于酒石酸长春瑞滨中有害元素及催化剂银残留的测定。     

ERA全口覆盖义齿修复保留残根的半口牙列缺失患者的临床评估

目的：研究ERA附着体全口覆盖义齿的临床修复效果。方法：35例保留残根的半口牙列缺失患者，采用ERA全口覆盖义齿修复。结果：经过6个月至1年3个月时间随访，患者表示对该义齿的固位性能、咀嚼效能、舒适程度，以及装卸的方便程度感到满意。有1例出现ERA阳性部件老化，进行了即刻更换，其余无失败病例。结论：采用ERA全口覆盖义齿修复保留残根的半口牙列缺失病例，临床观察患者较满意，提示该方法是一种方便、可靠的修复方式。但ERA附着体的阳性部件需要根据老化情况，随时进行更换。     

GnRH激动剂和经血源性干细胞联合治疗对小鼠卵巢功能的影响

目的 探究促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）激动剂和经血源性干细胞（MenSCs）联合治疗对小鼠卵巢功能的影响。方法 将45只SPF级实验小鼠随机分为Control组（腹腔注射生理盐水）、POF组（腹腔注射120 mg·kg-1·d-1 CTX）、MenSC+POF组（CTX损伤处理后注射移植含2×106 MenSCs的细胞悬浮液）、GnRHa+POF组（造模前14 d注射丙氨瑞林0.1 mg·kg-1·d-1,第15天开始CTX注射）、MenSC+POF+GnRHa组（按MenSC+CTX组和GnRHa+CTX组方案联合用药）,每组9只。HE染色观察小鼠卵巢组织病理变化情况,ELISA法检测小鼠血清中黄体生成素（LH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）、抗苗勒管激素（AMH）和雌二醇（E2）的含量水平,Western blot检测小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中KI-67、Bcl-2、BAX、caspase 9、caspase 3、cleaved-caspase 9、cleaved-caspase 3、p-PI3K、PI3K、p-Akt及Akt蛋白的表达情况。结果 与Control组相比,POF组小鼠卵巢纤维化明显,闭锁卵泡数增多,血清中LH和FSH的含量水平极升高（P<0.01）,AMH和E2含量水平降低（P<0.01）,BAX、cleaved-caspase 9/caspase 9、cleaved-caspase 3/caspase 3蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.01）,KI-67、Bcl-2、p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白的表达水平降低（P<0.01）;与POF组比较,GnRH激动剂和经血源性干细胞联合治疗可抑制小鼠卵巢闭锁卵泡的产生,降低小鼠血清中LH和FSH的含量水平（P<0.01）,提高AMH和 E2的含量水平（P<0.05或P<0.01）,抑制小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞中BAX、cleaved-caspase 9、cleaved-caspase 3蛋白的表达（P<0.05或 P<0.01）,促进KI-67、Bcl-2、p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白的表达（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论 GnRH激动剂和经血源性干细胞联合治疗可能通过上调PI3K-Akt信号通路表达,减少卵巢闭锁卵泡的产生,提高小鼠卵巢的储备功能,从而达到对卵巢修复和保护的目的。