姜黄素对大鼠肠缺血再灌注后肠黏膜细胞凋亡及GRP78表达的影响

目的 观察姜黄素对大鼠肠缺血再灌注后肠黏膜细胞凋亡及GRP78表达的影响。方法 30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、姜黄素组。采用无创性动脉夹夹闭肠系膜上动脉1 h后实施再灌注来建立肠缺血再灌注模型,姜黄素组在手术前5 d开始每天按200 mg/kg ig给药1次,假手术组仅分离肠系膜上动脉,不夹闭。采用HE染色观察肠黏膜损伤情况并进行病理评分;TUNEl法观察肠黏膜细胞凋亡情况并计算凋亡指数;Western blotting检测再灌注损伤3 h时肠黏膜GRP78及Caspase-12蛋白表达。结果 模型组肠黏膜损伤严重,绒毛上皮成块脱落,固有层破坏、溃疡,腺体破坏严重;姜黄素组肠黏膜绒毛上皮仅部分脱落,腺体排列紊乱,与模型组比较,病理评分显著降低（P<0.05）;模型组肠黏膜隐窝可见大量凋亡阳性细胞;与模型组比较,姜黄素组肠黏膜隐窝上皮细胞凋亡情况明显减轻,凋亡指数显著下降（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,姜黄素组GRP78蛋白表达量显著增加（P<0.05）,Caspase-12蛋白表达量显著下降（P<0.05）。结论 姜黄素有可能通过上调GRP78表达,减少内质网应激所致肠黏膜细胞凋亡,来减轻肠黏膜的再灌注损伤,达到保护肠黏膜作用。     

姜黄素对胸部爆震致小鼠肺组织氧化应激损伤的影响

 目的 探讨姜黄素对胸部爆震致小鼠肺组织氧化应激损伤的影响。方法 将30只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、模型+姜黄素组,伤后24 h处死小鼠,左肺进行10%甲醛固定,石蜡包埋切片,右肺-80 ℃保存。HE染色观察肺组织爆震后病理改变;活性氧生成(reactive oxygen species,ROS)检测肺组织氧化应激损伤情况;Western blot检测氧化应激相关蛋白MDA5、SOD-1、IRE-α和信号通路相关蛋白p-PI3K、Nrf2、Keap1的表达。结果 胸部爆震后,模型组肺组织细胞排列明显紊乱、可见细胞变性和炎性细胞浸润;ROS检测显示,在紫外光激发下,模型组与对照组相比肺组织内蓝色荧光减少,红色荧光明显增加;Western blot检测结果显示模型组MDA5、IRE-α、SOD-1、Nrf2和Keap1的灰度值的相对表达分别为0.68±0.08、0.63±0.04、0.38±0.02、0.32±0.03和0.98±0.11,相比于对照组的0.33±0.03、0.29±0.02、0.81±0.09、0.43±0.05和0.44±0.04变化明显,而模型组p-PI3K/PI3K的灰度值的相对表达为0.74±0.05,相比于对照组的0.30±0.02显著升高,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。姜黄素干预后,HE染色显示小鼠肺组织变性坏死明显缓解,炎性细胞浸润减轻;ROS检测显示模型+姜黄素组与模型组相比,肺组织内蓝色荧光增加,红色荧光明显减少;Western blot检测结果显示模型+姜黄素组MDA5、IRE-α、SOD-1、Nrf2和Keap1的灰度值的相对表达分别为0.48±0.07、0.36±0.06、0.51±0.07、0.71±0.08和0.53±0.06,p-PI3K/PI3K的灰度值的相对表达为0.56±0.07,上述差异与模型组两两比较均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 姜黄素对胸部爆震所致的肺组织氧化应激损伤有保护作用,其机制可能是通过PI3K/Nrf2/Keap1信号通路来实现的。     

Effects of free and nanoparticulate curcumin on chemically induced liver carcinoma in an animal model

IntroductionCurcumin therapeutic applications are constrained by its prominent metabolic instability as well as inadequate absorption and bioavailability. The current study was designed to enhance the curcumin bioavailability by exploiting nanoparticles.Material and methodsEleven groups of mice were divided into: normal and nanoparticle control groups, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN), 2 groups treated with DEN plus a high dose/low dose of free curcumin, 2 groups treated with a high dose/low dose of free curcumin, 2 groups treated with DEN plus a high dose/low dose of nanoparticulate curcumin, and 2 groups treated with a high dose/low dose of nanoparticulate curcumin.ResultsDEN administration significantly increased liver enzymes, vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, α-fetoprotein, malondialdehyde, and nucelar factor-κB. Also, it decreased serum albumin and tissue antioxidant activities and caused severe histological changes in hepatic tissue. Oral treatment of DEN-injected mice with either a high dose of free curcumin or the tested doses of nanoparticulate curcumin resulted in a significant improvement of all the tested parameters.ConclusionsAlthough the two tested doses of nanoparticulate curcumin were much lower than free curcumin, both doses were effective in preventing HCC development while the low dose of free curcumin was hardly effective. Hence, we conclude that nanoparticles enhance the bioavailability of curcumin.     

从生物信息与网络药理角度认识姜黄素治疗膝骨关节炎的分子机制

背景:姜黄素是由中药姜黄中提取的一种植物多酚,可用于治疗膝骨关节炎,但具体机制尚不清楚。目的:基于生物信息学和网络药理学初步分析姜黄素治疗膝骨关节炎的分子机制,为膝骨关节炎的治疗提供新的研究方向。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库及分析平台(TCMSP)数据库、蛋白质-化合物作用网(STITCH)数据库、Drugbank数据库、SEA数据库、SwissTargetPrediction数据库、药物靶标的蛋白质数据库(Binding DB)预测姜黄素的相关作用靶点,再结合基因表达数据库(GEO)公共数据库中关于姜黄素的相关芯片,使用GEO2R在线分析工具分析得到差异基因;同时检索治疗靶点数据库(TTD)、人类孟德尔遗传病(OMIM)数据库、DisGeNET数据库、Drugbank数据库和GeneCards数据库获得膝骨关节炎相关疾病靶点,明确姜黄素治疗膝骨关节炎的作用靶点,通过设置degree值得到关键靶点。利用STRING数据库构建药物-疾病共同靶点的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用关系;并利用R语言对药物-疾病共同靶点进行GO分析和KEGG通路分析;利用IGEMDOCK软件对关键靶点进行分子对接。结果与结论:①通过检索上述药物数据库共获得姜黄素相关靶点339个;检索GEO数据库确定姜黄素相关序列号为GSE10896的芯片,筛选出397个差异基因;②检索上述疾病数据库共获得膝骨关节炎相关疾病靶点1903个,其中典型靶点有AKT1、NFKB1、RELA和IKBKB等;③利用STRING数据库构建129个共同靶点的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用关系网络图;④GO分析功能富集显示,姜黄素治疗膝骨关节炎的生物学进程主要涵盖DNA结合转录因子、DNA结合转录激活剂活性、RNA聚合酶Ⅱ特异性、内肽酶活性、蛋白质丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性、核受体活性、配体激活的转录因子活性、金属肽酶活性和磷酸酶结合等,信号通路主要表现为PI3K-Akt、MAPK、白细胞介素17、肿瘤坏死因子和缺氧诱导因子1信号通路;⑤分子对接结果显示关键靶点胰岛素样生长因子1受体、雌激素受体、EGFR、CYP19A1与靶蛋白有良好的亲和力;⑥结果证实,姜黄素治疗膝骨关节炎的机制涉及MAPK3、EGFR、雌激素受体1、MDM2、CYP19A1、MAPK14、雌激素受体和胰岛素样生长因子1受体共计8个关键靶点,还涉及PI3K-Akt、MAPK、白细胞介素17、肿瘤坏死因子和缺氧诱导因子1等主要信号通路,各靶点与各通路之间产生的交叉作用,可能会抑制炎症反应和软骨细胞凋亡,从而治疗膝骨关节炎。     

姜黄素体内外逆转结肠癌的5-氟尿嘧啶耐药研究及机制探讨

摘要：目的 探究姜黄素在体内外对结肠癌5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）耐药的逆转作用及其相关机制。 方法 以SW480结肠癌细胞为亲代细胞,构建5-FU耐药细胞株SW480R,采用MTT法检测SW480R细胞的耐药指数以及不同浓度的姜黄素对SW480R细胞增殖能力的影响;流式细胞术检测姜黄素对SW480R细胞周期和凋亡的影响;Western blot检测姜黄素对SW480R细胞上皮-间充质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT）相关蛋白以及Wnt信号通路相关蛋白的影响;采用裸鼠移植瘤模型检测肿瘤体积变化情况,计算姜黄素的体内抑瘤率,Western blot检测肿瘤组织中相关蛋白变化。结果 SW480R的耐药指数为12.16,姜黄素能够剂量依赖性地抑制SW480R细胞的增殖,阻滞SW480R细胞周期于G0/G1期,以及诱导SW480R细胞凋亡;Western blot结果表明姜黄素能够在体内外抑制EMT和Wnt信号通路的活性;体内实验表明姜黄素能够有效抑制裸鼠移植瘤的生长。结论 姜黄素能够在体内外逆转结肠癌的5-FU耐药,其机制可能是通过调控Wnt信号通路从而抑制EMT的发生。     

Molecular signalling of a novel curcumin derivative versus Tadalafil in erectile dysfunction

The efficacy of a novel curcumin derivative (NCD) versus tadalafil in erectile signalling was assessed. Ten control male rats and 50 diabetic male rats were used and divided into the following: diabetic (DM), curcumin (CURC), NCD, tadalafil and NCD combined with tadalafil rat groups. Cavernous tissue gene expression of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), Nrf2, NF‐B and p38, enzyme activities of heme oxygenase (HO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), cGMP and intracavernosal pressure (ICP)/mean arterial pressure (MAP) were assessed. Results showed that 12 weeks after induction of diabetes, erectile dysfunction (ED) was confirmed by the significant decrease in ICP/MAP, a significant decrease in cGMP, NOS, HO enzyme activities, a significant decrease in HO‐1 gene and a significant increase in NF‐?β, p38 genes. Administration of all therapeutic interventions led to a significant increase in ICP/MAP, cGMP levels, a significant increase in HO‐1 and NOS enzymes, a significant increase in HO‐1, and Nrf2 gene expression, and a significant decrease in NF‐?β, p38 gene expression. NCD or its combination with tadalafil showed significant superiority and more prolonged duration of action. In conclusion, a tendency was observed that CURC and NCD have high efficacy and more prolonged duration of action in enhancing erectile function.     

姜黄素抗肿瘤新剂型研究进展

姜黄素是从姜科植物根茎中提取的相对分子量较小的多酚类物质,具有抗肿瘤抗炎、抗病毒、抗氧化等多种药理作用,随着现代医学发展,姜黄素抗肿瘤方面药理作用的分子机制被不断认识。肿瘤的形成和发展是一个多阶段的过程,药物干预可作用于其中的任何阶段,人类希望能找到安全、高效的肿瘤预防与治疗药物。食物来源的天然药物姜黄素因其具备较低的毒副作用、较高的安全性和较高的依从性,可被各类人群尤其是中低风险人群长期服用,而倍受关注。然而姜黄素的一些理化性质决定了其应用不尽理想,如何改善这些缺陷逐渐成为当今研究姜黄素的热点。该文将从天然食物来源的预防肿瘤药物姜黄素应用新剂型进行综述。     

Effects of curcumin on interleukin-23 and interleukin-17 expression in rat retina after retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on the retinal structure and the expressions of interleukin-23 (IL-23) and IL-17 in the rat retina after retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI). Methods: 150 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into RIRI group (MG), low-dose curcumin group (LDCG) and high-dose curcumin group (HDCG), (n = 50 per group). RIRI was generated by anterior chamber perfusion of normal saline to the right eye. The left eye served as a normal control group (NCG). Rats in LDCG and HDCG received an intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg/d and 100 mg/kg/d curcumin respectively, at 30 min before RIRI and once daily after RIRI. Results: The morphological changes in HDCG group were improved as compared to MG and LDCG groups. Immunohistochemistry showed that IL-23 and IL-17 were mainly expressed in the ganglion cell layer and the inner nuclear layer of the retina. Low IL-23 and IL-17 expressions were observed in NCG, but increased significantly in MG and LDCG groups. Western blot assay and ELISA also showed that IL-23 and IL-17 expressions increased significantly after RIRI (vs. NCG, P<0.01). Moreover, the IL-23 expression reached a peak at 24 h, whereas IL-17 expression peaked at 72 h after RIRI. Curcumin reduced IL-23 and IL-17 expressions significantly in a dose-dependent manner (vs. MG, P<0.01). Conclusion: The IL-23 and IL-17 expressions increase after RIRI and curcumin significantly reduces retinal IL-23 and IL-17 expressions in a dose-dependent manner and is able to prevent the RIRI induced damage to the retina.